Events of decadal thermocline variations in the South Pacific Ocean

The SODA data generated from a numerical model with data assimilation axe used to study the decadal thermal anomalies in the thermocline of the South Pacific. Three notable events of decadal thermocline variations are found. First, two major warm subduction events originated from outcrop regions centered at 30°S, 150°W in the South Pacific Ocean occurred between 1960s and 1980s propagating toward the western Tropics and at 30°S, 90°W in the late 1970s propagating directly toward the eastern Tropics. Second, a special westward warm event originating from the eastern boundary around 15°S occurred in the early 1980s. Thirdly, a distinct zonal location transition of the positive temperature anomalies near 10°S took place in the late 1970s. The results suggest that the warm events in the subtropical South Pacific region are important to the decadal variability of the western tropical Pacific before the late 1970s and to the eastern tropical Pacific after the late 1970s.

Transitional Process of Ploy（N-isopropylacrylamide） in Deuterated Solution

The fast phase-transitional process of ploy（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAM） in deuterated solution was studied by laser induced temperature jump technique combined with time-resolved mid-infrared absorbance difference spectroscopy on nanosecond level. The multi-peaks of amide I＇band of PNIPAM among the energy range of 1565-1700 cm^-1 was experimentally resolved to three groups （i, ii, iii） for the first time, while the distinct threestage procedure in the phase transitional process of long-chain PNIPAM was observed firstly too. Furthermore, proper assignments were also made for the three group peaks in amide I＇band and the three steps in the kinetics process of long-chain PNIPAM.

New Insights into Folding Kinetics of α,ω Dye-Functionalized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

Two narrowly-distributed poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) samples were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with a novel dansyl functionalized initiator. The other end of the PNIPAM was functionalized by dabcyl group via click reaction. From the static fluorescence measurements, the fluorescence intensity of dansyl group and energy transfer efficiency between dansyl and dabcyl groups increased when the temperature increased from 36 °C to 45 °C, indicating that the microenvironment surrounding dansyl became hydrophobic and the distance between dansyl and dabcyl decreased. The kinetics of the conformational change of the dye-labeled PNIPAM was studied by a home-made laser-induced temperature jump device with fluorescent measurement. Our results revealed that the characteristic transition time was 3.8 and 5.8 ms for PNIPAM with degrees of polymerization of 85 and 142, respectively, indicating that the characteristic transition time was related to the chain length. Besides, characteristic transition time for the change of the energy transfer efficiency was 2.9 ms for PNIPAM with the degree of polymerization of 85, suggesting that the energy transfer efficiency change was faster than the fluorescence intensity change of dansyl group.

Dynamic assets allocation based on market microstructure model with variable-intensity jumps

In order to characterizc large fluctuations of the financial markets and optimize financial portfolio, a new dynamic asset control strategy was proposed in this work. Firstly, a random process item with variable jump intensity was introduced to the existing discrete microstructure model to denote large price fluctuations. The nonparametric method of LEE was used for detecting jumps. Further, the extended Kalman filter and the maximum likelihood method were applied to discrete microstructure modeling and the estimation of two market potential variables： market excess demand and liquidity. At last, based on the estimated variables, an assets allocation strategy using evolutionary algorithm was designed to control the weight of each asset dynamically. Case studies on IBM Stock show that jumps with variable intensity are detected successfully, and the assets allocation strategy may effectively keep the total assets growth or prevent assets loss at the stochastic financial market.

Effect of the interfacial electric field on the HER on Pt(111)modified with iron adatoms in alkaline media

The study of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)aimed to reach a deeper understanding of the parameters that control the rate of this reaction is of great importance given the technical relevance of hydrogen production as an energy vector in the so-called hydrogen economy.In previous works,laser-induced temperature jump(LITJ)experiments on Pt(111)modified with Ni(OH)_(2)in alkaline media have revealed the importance of the interfacial electric field in the rate of the HER.It was hypothesised that small amounts of Ni(OH)_(2)cause a decrease of the electric field because of a negative shift of the pzfc toward the onset of the hydrogen evolution.In this work,to test the validity of this hypothesis,the study has been extended to Pt(111)surfaces modified with Fe(OH)_(2).The modified surfaces have been studied voltammetrically,and the voltammetric charges have been analysed.The voltammograms show a peak in the hydrogen evolution region that suggest the transformation in the adlayer from Fe(II)to Fe(0).In agreement with the coulometric analysis,the voltammetric features in the OH adsorption region would be related with the oxidation to the+3 valence state.The results obtained with LITJ method reflect the existence of a strong interaction of the Fe oxophilic species with the water molecules,shifting the potential of maximum entropy away from the onset of the HER.Hence,the most catalytic surface is the one with the lowest Fe coverage.

Geometry and Dynamic Forces along an Inclined Hydraulic Jump over a Rough Channel Bed

In this investigation, based on previous measurements, the geometry and dynamic forces along an inclined （angle φ, with 0^0 〈 qφ φ 8^0 ） hydraulic jump over a variation of rough and smooth channel beds, are examined and compared among them. The roughness is produced through transverse strips （of square cross section） covering the entire channel width and at various normal distributions along the channel. Froude numbers are varying up to 18.5 and conjugate depths＇ ratios up to 18.4. The water free surface profiles, the conjugate depths＇ ratios, the jumps＇ dimensionless lengths are examined and a prediction of exercised forces, in dimensionless terms, is also presented. The results and especially the latter force prediction may help the hydraulic and structural engineers when dealing with such hydraulic jumps.

赶工问题的一个新的最优算法

首先提出常用的赶工问题的算法 ,并不是一个最优算法 .在进行一定的改进之后 ,给出了一个最优算法 ,同时与Fulkerson给出的算法相比 。