基于驾驶模拟实验,设置3.0、2.5、1.5、0.7 km 4种前置距离的可变信息标志(variable message sign,VMS),收集32名驾驶员视认4种前置距离的VMS后换道驶出高速公路过程中的方向盘、速度和位置数据,并观察各驾驶员在换道过程中的方向盘操...基于驾驶模拟实验,设置3.0、2.5、1.5、0.7 km 4种前置距离的可变信息标志(variable message sign,VMS),收集32名驾驶员视认4种前置距离的VMS后换道驶出高速公路过程中的方向盘、速度和位置数据,并观察各驾驶员在换道过程中的方向盘操控行为、换道行为、减速行为。结果表明:VMS视认过程属于多任务驾驶行为,驾驶员需在短时间内完成VMS视认、路径决策、车辆减速与换道;当VMS前置距离不足时,驾驶员需快速、大幅转动方向盘,进行连续换道、急换道;为顺利驶入减速车道,部分驾驶员采取减速换道措施,增加了事故风险;当VMS前置距离过长时,驾驶员对VMS的短期记忆效应使得驾驶负荷提高。展开更多
To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyze...To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyzed and the factors influencing placement distance are explored.Variables including the number of lanes,lane width,lane-changing time,driver＇s visual characteristics,sign installation methods and operating speeds on both freeway mainlines and exit ramps are found significant in explaining exit safety.Three different installation methods,namely ground installation,overhead installation and median installation,are introduced and their applicable conditions are given.Models,with the same structure among the three installation methods,are developed to compute the placement distance under different roadway geometric and traffic conditions.Taking overhead installation as an example,simulation results in TSIS-CORSIM show that the proposed distance reduces the number of lane changes in the area from the ramp nose to 500 m upstream by 58.93% compared with current Chinese specifications and 27.35% compared with MUTCD 2009 guidelines.Thus,the distances recommended in this paper have a better safety performance.展开更多
文摘基于驾驶模拟实验,设置3.0、2.5、1.5、0.7 km 4种前置距离的可变信息标志(variable message sign,VMS),收集32名驾驶员视认4种前置距离的VMS后换道驶出高速公路过程中的方向盘、速度和位置数据,并观察各驾驶员在换道过程中的方向盘操控行为、换道行为、减速行为。结果表明:VMS视认过程属于多任务驾驶行为,驾驶员需在短时间内完成VMS视认、路径决策、车辆减速与换道;当VMS前置距离不足时,驾驶员需快速、大幅转动方向盘,进行连续换道、急换道;为顺利驶入减速车道,部分驾驶员采取减速换道措施,增加了事故风险;当VMS前置距离过长时,驾驶员对VMS的短期记忆效应使得驾驶负荷提高。
基金Project of Florida Department of Transportation(No.BD54438)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAJ18B03)
文摘To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyzed and the factors influencing placement distance are explored.Variables including the number of lanes,lane width,lane-changing time,driver＇s visual characteristics,sign installation methods and operating speeds on both freeway mainlines and exit ramps are found significant in explaining exit safety.Three different installation methods,namely ground installation,overhead installation and median installation,are introduced and their applicable conditions are given.Models,with the same structure among the three installation methods,are developed to compute the placement distance under different roadway geometric and traffic conditions.Taking overhead installation as an example,simulation results in TSIS-CORSIM show that the proposed distance reduces the number of lane changes in the area from the ramp nose to 500 m upstream by 58.93% compared with current Chinese specifications and 27.35% compared with MUTCD 2009 guidelines.Thus,the distances recommended in this paper have a better safety performance.
