基于虚拟仿真技术的土木工程专业实验教学体系构建

为了满足土木工程行业对高素质人才的需求,培养具有创新能力和实践能力的土木工程专业人才成为我国高等教育的重要任务之一。在土木工程专业实验教学中应用虚拟仿真技术,可以弥补传统实验教学的不足,提高实验教学的质量。基于此,文章深入探讨了基于虚拟仿真技术的土木工程专业实验教学路径,以期为我国土木工程专业教育改革提供有益的参考和实践经验,促进土木工程专业人才的培养和发展。

逐日路径演化中出行者信息偏好的实验分析

在逐日出行过程中,出行者对各类信息的偏好是一个动态变化的过程,不同出行者对同类信息的偏好也不同.本研究搭建不同信息条件下逐日路径选择实验场景,用信息偏好系数表征不同类别信息对出行者感知时间影响的相对权重,研究出行者信息偏好的演化规律与分布特征.实验结果表明,出行个体信息偏好的演化存在3种类型,出行群体对感知时间的信息偏好系数先震荡增加后逐步稳定,出行个体对感知时间的信息偏好系数在出行群体中成正态分布.与只提供完全历史信息相比,同时提供基于指数平滑法的系统预测信息会降低出行者对感知时间的偏好.

基于化学核心素养发展的项目式实验教学路径研究

项目式实验教学强调以学生为中心,以知识、技能、行动为导向,要求学生在实验操作中,能基于现实情境,独立自主确定计划?收集获取信息、解决实际问题。项目式实验更注重对学生实践能力、批判精神与创新思维的全面培养,可以从更广、更深的层次结构锻炼和提高学生的知识技能与综合素质。文章以化学核心素养为基础,从宏观、微观思维、证据推理、科学探究、变化观念等多个角度入手,将实验环节渗透于精准问题情境,引导学生在一连串的驱动型任务中,进行深度思考,提炼内在本质,丰富认知理解,自主完成对化学知识、技能的意义建构。

风险、原则与责任:基于实验路径的人工智能社会实验伦理规范体系建构探究

人工智能社会实验以社会实验的科学方式观测人工智能技术的综合社会影响,意在对其风险进行前瞻性评估,提前寻求应对策略,促进智能技术的良性发展。人工智能社会实验无疑会对实验场域中的参与人员和社会环境造成深刻的伦理影响,因而亟需建构一套切合实际、行之有效的伦理规范体系。当前研究虽有对于伦理风险和伦理原则的探讨,但仍缺乏有关如何在具体实践中定位伦理风险、落实伦理原则并确定伦理责任的精确阐释。人工智能社会实验的实验路径为其伦理规范体系的确立提供了基本框架。基于实验开展的7个阶段,结合人工智能伦理和社会实验伦理的研究成果:(1)分析整合实验各阶段面临的伦理风险,结合应用场景与技术特征进行深化;(2)梳理提炼普适的伦理原则,将其规范要求细化至实验各个阶段;(3)针对实验开展需要,确定不同参与主体在各阶段的职能作用,据此落实主体间的伦理责任。由此形成对人工智能社会实验伦理研究的基本认识,建构起既表达普遍价值共识,又具备实践可操作性的人工智能社会实验伦理规范体系。

陶行知教育思想应用于高中化学实验教学中的路径探寻

陶行知的教育思想就是创新,他主张的教育核心是培养青少年的创造能力,他认为化学方面教学的目的并不仅仅只是传授一些理论性知识,而是更加注重教师在进行实验教学过程中对学生思维创新能力的培养。本文主要是介绍了陶行知的思想,讲述了如何将陶行知的思想运用到高中的化学实验教学过程当中。

丙型肝炎病毒感染实验室诊断相关路径的建立及弱反应性结果分析

目的:探讨抗HCV抗体筛查试验假阳性问题及解决方案,分析本地区HCV感染实际情况,确立适合本实验室的丙型肝炎病毒检测的临床路径。方法:收集2018年1月~2019年10月抗HCV抗体检测阳性标本355例,其中男性180-例,女性175例,全部患者均检测抗HCV抗体,抗HCV抗体S/CO<5.0的灰区标本进行HCV-RNA和RIBA检测。结果:355例抗HCV阳性标本中,S/CO<5.0的灰区标本共128例,占36.1%(128/355)。128例抗HCV灰区标本的HCV-RNA结果均为阴性。128例抗HCV抗体灰区标本RIBA结果:共检出4例阳性,2例不确定。结论:HCV感染不能依靠单一的抗HCV抗体筛查阳性作出诊断,应采用补充实验进行确诊。补充实验包括RIBA和HCV-RNA。各实验室应根据本地区实际情况,制定适合本实验室的丙型肝炎的实验室诊断相关路径并做好结果报告的解释工作。

运行工况传递路径分析方法研究进展

分析了近年来传统TPA(transfer path analysis,TPA)、运行工况TPA(operational TPA,OTPA)、OPAX(operational-X TPA)以及混合TPA方法的基本原理、优势和不足以及工程应用,阐述了功率流法在TPA领域的潜在应用;重点针对OTPA方法,考虑了参考点距离的影响,设计了辐射球声源声传递路径仿真系统和激振器激励矩形板振动传递路径实验系统。结果表明:OTPA值与理论值和实验值的相对误差分别小于5%和8%,与此同时,OTPA方法对噪声很敏感,当噪声较小时,较近参考点有利于提高OTPA方法的精度,因此,应合理布置传感器和设计运行工况;最后,对TPA方法的发展趋势进行了展望。

译者心理实证研究路径分析

翻译研究的心理转向要求翻译研究的重心从对翻译产品—功能导向的思辨式研究,转为对翻译过程中译者心理的实证研究。译者心理研究的描写路径和实验路径构成了译者心理的实证研究体系,两种路径的共通和互补,解决了译者心理研究的客观性和意义性统一问题,为完善翻译学科学与人文的双重性,寻求研究范式的整合开辟了道路。

引入旋转自由度的杂交混合单元

文中指出了一个杂交混合型含角点旋转的四边形单元。相容部分位移场以八结点Serendipity单元经一个坐标变换导出，不相容部分位移场和相应的内应力场被详尽讨论。特征值检验和路径实验说明新单元的有效，精选解例证明了新单元的杰出性能。

Dye tracer infiltration technique to investigate macropore flow paths in Maka Mountain, Yunnan Province, China

In order to investigate the differences of macropores vertical distribution under different surface plants, and to assess the influences of root systems, organic matter and texture on macropore flow paths, two dye tracer infiltration experiments were performed in slopes under two different plants(Campylotropis polyantha(Franch.) Schindl vs. Cynodon dactylon(Linn.) Pers). Dye tracer infiltration experiments with field observations and measurements of soil properties were combined. Results show that the discrepancy in macropores distribution between two slopes under different plants is significant. Root systems have significant effects on macropore flow paths distribution and the effect become more pronounced as the diameter of roots become larger. Organic matter and stone are important factors to affect macropores distribution. Root-soil interface, inter-aggregate macropore and stone-soil interface are important macropore flow paths in well vegetated slopes.

Numerical study on the spatially varying drag coefficient in simulation of storm surges employing the adjoint method

From the simulation of storm surges resulting from Typhoons 7203 and 8509 in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea, water level data at tide stations are assimilated into a two-dimensional storm surge model, to study the spatially varying drag coefficient (DC) by employing the adjoint method. In this study, the DC at some grid points is uniformly selected as the independent DC, while the DC at other grid points is obtained through linear interpolation of the independent DC. The DC at independent points is optimized by employing the adjoint assimilation method, and global optimization is achieved by optimizing the independent DC. To demonstrate the method's performance, three comparative experiments are carried out. In the first experiment, the DC is treated as a constant. In the second and third experiments, the DC is derived using an empirical formula. Comparing the experimental results, it is found that the simulation accuracy for both Typhoons 7203 and 8509 increases greatly when optimizing the independent DC. However, the number of independent points makes no great difference to the precision of simulation. Moreover, the DC inverted from Typhoons 7203 and 8509 differs in some sea areas because of the different typhoon tracks. However, the spatial distribution of the inverted DC, for both Typhoons 7203 and 8509, demonstrates a clear effect of the DC on the storm surge modeling near the coastal areas where the DC is highest or lowest.

Thermodynamic study on reaction path of Hg(Ⅱ) with S(Ⅱ) in solution

The mercury sulfidation experiments were conducted in the pH range from 1 to 13. The results show that Hg（II） reacted with equimolar S（ II ） has the lowest remained Hg（II ） concentration （9.7 μg/L） at pH 1.0 and the highest remained concentration （940.8μg/L） at pH 13.0. Meanwhile, the changes of pH values were monitored exactly, which reveal that solution pH values change when mixing the same pH value solutions of HgCI2 and Na2S. In order to explain the phenomena and determine the reaction paths of Hg（II） reacting with S（ II ） in the solution, the concerned thermodynamics was studied. Species of S（ II ）-H2O system and Hg（II）-H2O system at different pH values were calculated, and then the species distribution diagrams of S（II）-H2O system, Hg（ II ）-H2O system and Hg（ II ）-Cl-OH--H20 system were drawn. Combining the experimental data and thermodynamic calculation, the mechanism of Hg（II） reacting with S（II） was deduced. The results indicate that different species of S（ II ） and Hg（II） have the diverse reaction paths to form HgS precipitate at different pH values and the standard Gibbs free energies change （△tGm^⊙） of those equations are also calculated, which can provide a guidance for mercury-containing wastewater treatment with Na2S.

Novel Algorithm for Active Noise Control Systems Based on Frequency Selective Filters

A novel algorithm for active noise control systems based on frequency selective filters （FSFANC） is presented in the paper. The FSFANC aims at the multi-tonal noise attenuation problem. One FSFANC system copes with one of the tonal components, and several FSFANC systems can run independently in paralld to cancel the selected multiple tones. The proposed algorithm adopts a simple structure with only two coefficients that can be explained as the real and imaginary parts of the structure to model the secondary path, and estimates the secondary path by injecting sinusoidal identification signals. Theoretical analysis and laboratory experiments show that the proposed algorithm possesses stone advantages, such as simpler structure, less computational burden, greater stability, and fast converging speed.

小剧场昆剧《白罗衫》的实验路径

中国小剧场戏曲展演每年12月在上海举办,在戏曲人眼里,这是一个围炉啖瓜,畅谈创作感悟、交流艺术思想的同业聚会。2021年岁末,疫情反复无常,中国小剧场戏曲展演克服了诸多困难,如期举办,9个剧种12台演出相继亮相,不仅把表达、碰撞、探讨、相互汲取这篇文章做得有声有色,相较于往届毫不逊色,更由于蒲剧等剧种首次参与,坐实了“小剧场、大码头”这个理念,用书面语言说,就是“辐射面进一步扩大”.

无限奥地利:独立动画创作环境的机遇、精神和瓶颈

奥地利特定的艺术、经济和社会情境对动画创作者、学者和教育者产生了持续性的影响。奥地利动画的演变与很多其他国家的发展路径不同。到目前为止,无法对奥地利的动画行业进行简单归类或贴上特定标签,而奥地利动画电影的资助情况一直非常艰难。机制的相关限制导致了奥地利的动画发展在很多方面以更激进的方式进行。实验电影和前卫结构为更多动画短片的制作提供了探索性的策略。作为20世纪80年代早期大学艺术课程的一部分,动画教育确立了一个开放的、动态的、鼓励自由和冒险的创作环境。与传统电影或动画制作相比,新一代艺术家更关注艺术的实践和探索,他们尝试非常个性化和关注自我的创作方法。一批先锋艺术家,特别是女艺术家,为今天的创作环境奠定了基础。自21世纪初以来,出现了大量的艺术活动,包括艺术节和研讨会等。这些活动与教育机会的出现与第一批商业化的制作公司产生交集。今天,奥地利正处于一个公认的艺术社区的两极之间,许多艺术家仍在孤立的环境中创作,而另一批充满活力、但尚未完全建立为群体的年轻创作者正在努力与国际市场接轨。在这个相对狭小的空间中,奥地利艺术动画创作的特有品质和独立精神正浮现出来。