A clustering scheme based on pure V2V communications has two prominent issues i.e. broadcast storm and network disconnection. The application of the fifth generation(5G) technology to vehicular networks is an optimal ...A clustering scheme based on pure V2V communications has two prominent issues i.e. broadcast storm and network disconnection. The application of the fifth generation(5G) technology to vehicular networks is an optimal choice due to its wide coverage and low latency features. In this paper, a Multihop Moving Zone(MMZ) clustering scheme is proposed by combining IEEE 802.11p with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP) 5G cellular technology. In MMZ, vehicles are clustered up-to three hops using V2V communications based on IEEE 802.11 p aiming to reduce excessive cellular hand-off cost. While the zonal heads(ZHs) i.e. cluster heads(CHs) are selected by cellular-V2X(C-V2X) on the basis of multi-metrics i.e. relative speed, distance and link life time(LLT). The main goal of MMZ is to form stable clusters achieving high packet delivery and low latency. The simulation results using ns3 show that, 5G wide range technology significantly improves the stability of MMZ in term of ZH duration and change rate. The average Data Packet Delivery Ratio(DPDR) and E2E latency are also improved as compared to the existing clustering schemes.展开更多
A steady plane subsonic compressible non-isothermal Couette gas flow is analyzed for moderately high and low Reynolds numbers.The flow channel is formed by two plates in relative motion.Two cases are considered:(a) is...A steady plane subsonic compressible non-isothermal Couette gas flow is analyzed for moderately high and low Reynolds numbers.The flow channel is formed by two plates in relative motion.Two cases are considered:(a) isothermal walls where the temperatures of the plates are equal and constant and(b) with constant but different plate temperatures.The Knudsen number is Kn 0.1,which corresponds to the slip and continuum flow.The flow is defined by continuity,Navier-Stokes and energy continuum equations,along with the velocity slip and the temperature jump first order boundary conditions.An analytical solution for velocity and temperature is obtained by developing a perturbation scheme.The first approximation corresponds to the continuum flow conditions,while the others represent the contribution of the rarefaction effect.In addition,a numerical solution of the problems is given to confirm the accuracy of the analytical results.The exact analytical solution,for constant viscosity and conductivity is found for the isothermal walls case as well.It is shown that it is entirely a substitution to the exact numerical solution for the isothermal walls case.展开更多
In this paper, we experimentally investigate the pattern transition of two-dimensional Faraday waves at an extremely shallow depth in a Hele-Shaw cell. Several patterns of Faraday waves are observed, which have some s...In this paper, we experimentally investigate the pattern transition of two-dimensional Faraday waves at an extremely shallow depth in a Hele-Shaw cell. Several patterns of Faraday waves are observed, which have some significant differences in wave profile,wave height and wave length. It is found that, in a wide range of the forcing frequency f, there always exists a region of the acceleration amplitude A, in which there exist the so-called hysteretic jumps between different patterns of Faraday waves. All of these experimental observations could enrich our knowledges about the Faraday waves and would be helpful to the further theoretical studies on the related topic in future.展开更多
Consider a family of probability measures {vξ} on a bounded open region D C Rd with a smooth boundary and a positive parameter set {βξ}, all indexed by ξ∈δD. For any starting point inside D, we run a diffusion u...Consider a family of probability measures {vξ} on a bounded open region D C Rd with a smooth boundary and a positive parameter set {βξ}, all indexed by ξ∈δD. For any starting point inside D, we run a diffusion until it first exits D, at which time it stays at the exit point ξ for an independent exponential holding time with rate βξ and then leaves ξ by a jump into D according to the distribution ξ. Once the process jumps inside, it starts the diffusion afresh. The same evolution is repeated independently each time the process jumped into the domain. The resulting Markov process is called diffusion with holding and jumping boundary （DHJ）, which is not reversible due to the jumping. In this paper we provide a study of DHJ on its generator, stationary distribution and the speed of convergence.展开更多
基金supported by the NSFC key project under Grant No.61731017the 111 project under Grant No.111-2-14
文摘A clustering scheme based on pure V2V communications has two prominent issues i.e. broadcast storm and network disconnection. The application of the fifth generation(5G) technology to vehicular networks is an optimal choice due to its wide coverage and low latency features. In this paper, a Multihop Moving Zone(MMZ) clustering scheme is proposed by combining IEEE 802.11p with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP) 5G cellular technology. In MMZ, vehicles are clustered up-to three hops using V2V communications based on IEEE 802.11 p aiming to reduce excessive cellular hand-off cost. While the zonal heads(ZHs) i.e. cluster heads(CHs) are selected by cellular-V2X(C-V2X) on the basis of multi-metrics i.e. relative speed, distance and link life time(LLT). The main goal of MMZ is to form stable clusters achieving high packet delivery and low latency. The simulation results using ns3 show that, 5G wide range technology significantly improves the stability of MMZ in term of ZH duration and change rate. The average Data Packet Delivery Ratio(DPDR) and E2E latency are also improved as compared to the existing clustering schemes.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No.174014)
文摘A steady plane subsonic compressible non-isothermal Couette gas flow is analyzed for moderately high and low Reynolds numbers.The flow channel is formed by two plates in relative motion.Two cases are considered:(a) isothermal walls where the temperatures of the plates are equal and constant and(b) with constant but different plate temperatures.The Knudsen number is Kn 0.1,which corresponds to the slip and continuum flow.The flow is defined by continuity,Navier-Stokes and energy continuum equations,along with the velocity slip and the temperature jump first order boundary conditions.An analytical solution for velocity and temperature is obtained by developing a perturbation scheme.The first approximation corresponds to the continuum flow conditions,while the others represent the contribution of the rarefaction effect.In addition,a numerical solution of the problems is given to confirm the accuracy of the analytical results.The exact analytical solution,for constant viscosity and conductivity is found for the isothermal walls case as well.It is shown that it is entirely a substitution to the exact numerical solution for the isothermal walls case.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2014CB046801)
文摘In this paper, we experimentally investigate the pattern transition of two-dimensional Faraday waves at an extremely shallow depth in a Hele-Shaw cell. Several patterns of Faraday waves are observed, which have some significant differences in wave profile,wave height and wave length. It is found that, in a wide range of the forcing frequency f, there always exists a region of the acceleration amplitude A, in which there exist the so-called hysteretic jumps between different patterns of Faraday waves. All of these experimental observations could enrich our knowledges about the Faraday waves and would be helpful to the further theoretical studies on the related topic in future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11101433)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central South University(Grant No.2011QNZT105)+1 种基金Doctorial Dissertation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.YB2011B009)US National Science Foundation (Grant Nos.AMC-SS-0706713,DMS-0805929,NSFC-6398100 and CAS-2008DP173182)
文摘Consider a family of probability measures {vξ} on a bounded open region D C Rd with a smooth boundary and a positive parameter set {βξ}, all indexed by ξ∈δD. For any starting point inside D, we run a diffusion until it first exits D, at which time it stays at the exit point ξ for an independent exponential holding time with rate βξ and then leaves ξ by a jump into D according to the distribution ξ. Once the process jumps inside, it starts the diffusion afresh. The same evolution is repeated independently each time the process jumped into the domain. The resulting Markov process is called diffusion with holding and jumping boundary （DHJ）, which is not reversible due to the jumping. In this paper we provide a study of DHJ on its generator, stationary distribution and the speed of convergence.
