不同年龄的大连成人身体水含量变化研究

目的探讨大连地区成人身体水含量及其构成比在各年龄段的变化规律。方法选择大连地区的汉族成人共计1105(男性458,女性647)名,按10岁一个年龄组,共分5组。采用生物电阻抗分析法检测体重、身体总水分量、体内水分比率、细胞内液量、细胞外液量、细胞外液率等。结果 1105名大连地区汉族成人的总体重(kg)、身体总水分量(kg)、体内水分比率(%)、细胞内液量(kg)、细胞外液量(kg)和细胞外液率(%)的平均值±标准差,男性分别为77.6±12.9、39.6±5.3、51.6±5.3、23.8±3.9、15.7±1.6和39.9±2.3;女性分别为:60.5±9.1、29.3±3.3、48.8±3.3、17.2±1.9、12.1±1.6和41.3±2.1,除细胞外液率女性大于男性(P<0.01)外,其他各项均为男性大于女性,且差异也均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。身体总水分量男性的生长曲线在20岁开始缓慢上升,30岁开始缓慢下降,女性从20岁开始一直缓慢上升;随着年龄的增长男性与女性的生长曲线逐渐靠近,但未交叉。随年龄增长体内水分比率均呈下降趋势,男性大于女性;细胞外液比率则呈上升趋势,但女性大于男性。结论大连地区男女成人的体内水分比率随年龄增长呈下降趋势,身体水含量存在较明显的性别差异。

Lead Dynamics in the Body of Waterfowl That Swallowed Lead Pellets

We studied the rate of lead resoprtion in the gastrointestinal tract of the bird and accumulation of this element by organs and tissues different in their morphology and functions. The minimum lethal lead dosage making 1.5 mg/kg of the live body weight leads to reduction of its mass recovering after its resoprtion in the stomach. Accumulation and elimination of lead from the body are related to dynamics of the body weight. The rate of these processes is in direct dependence and significantly different in various tissues and organs. Claws, kidneys, liver and feathers are characterized by very high rate of element accumulation and fat, heart and muscles - by the lowest rate. Intense elimination of lead from the body starts approximately in 2-2.5 months after the gastrointestinal tract is released from it.