The paper discusses how the inventory control of army equipment material runs sytematically under the two-level maintenance system,and establishes the inventory control model based on system dynamics.On the basis of m...The paper discusses how the inventory control of army equipment material runs sytematically under the two-level maintenance system,and establishes the inventory control model based on system dynamics.On the basis of modeling and simulation,the influence of different inventory upper limit on the whole system is studied,and the optimal inventory control mechanism under the model condition is foud.In addition,through the simulation of two replenishment strategies(s,S) and(T,s,S),the advantages and disadvantages and feasibility of each replenishment strategy are analyzed.展开更多
The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process in...The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process indicates land conversion, increased population, and invasive species arriving in the midst of increased imports are among the major impending threats, especially to terrestrial biological resources. We discuss historical events that have marginalized the contributions of local stakeholders, mistake-ridden planning processes revealing inadequate efforts to safeguard the environment, and compelling evidence that predicts a trajectory targeting imminent damage of terrestrial resources. We contend these developments present a case study within the ecological ethics discipline whereby peacetime military operations push conservation of the environment to the sidelines in the name of national defense. We conclude that conservation of environmental resources is not ancillary to national security, it is integral. Wartime military damage to natural resources is unavoidable, therefore, peacetime military operations should embrace conservation priorities to a greater degree.展开更多
In this study the authors compared the sequence types （STs） designed by sequence based typing （SBT） of 4 clinical and 12 environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 （LP1） which were isolated from...In this study the authors compared the sequence types （STs） designed by sequence based typing （SBT） of 4 clinical and 12 environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 （LP1） which were isolated from hospital facilities for the mentally disabled. The strains were selected after a retrospective surveillance of 565 clinical records （2002-2009） and investigations of water circuit. It was possible to correlate two clinical strains with the corresponding environment, which were collected from showers that had exposed the patients （ST685, ST16） and two clinical strains present in the same structure （STI）. The other environmental strains were isolated from water in the department with confirmed or suspected clinical cases. All the strains （seven） from the first structure had ST188; two from the second structure had ST34; and the last from the third structure, gave an ST694. The results were compared with the European Working Group for Legionella Infections （EWGLI） database： the ST 1, 16, 34 and 188 were already known in literature, among clinical and nosocomial cases, especially for ST 1, the most distributed worldwide. Two STs were new to the database. ST685 was isolated both from a patient and from the water; ST694, which was found exclusively in the environmental compartment of a control structure （no cases of legionellosis and low number of nosocomial pneumonia）, was unknown in the literature and the authors could only speculate on its possible minor virulence and/or distribution. The implementation of SBT and international comparisons may be useful to gain genotypic knowledge of circulating environmental strains, also verifying their presence in the clinical setting.展开更多
MOOCs as a new kind ofordine teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons fi＇om the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the...MOOCs as a new kind ofordine teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons fi＇om the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the demand of our colleges and universities graduate education MOOCs platforrr~ promote excellent education experts in the army,high-quality teaching resource sharing, to promote the teaching idea transformation,teaching content update and the teaching method reform, improve the quality of military high-level talent cultivation.展开更多
As the world marks the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War and Nigeria celebrates the centenary of the amalgamation of the northern and southern Protectorates of 1 st January 1914, when Nigeria became a n...As the world marks the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War and Nigeria celebrates the centenary of the amalgamation of the northern and southern Protectorates of 1 st January 1914, when Nigeria became a nation, it is pertinent to examine the contribution of education to fostering peace and unity in the post War era in Nigeria, from 1914 to 1938. Through historical research this project analyzes primary and secondary sources such as journals, publications, textbooks and internet materials. The findings of the study revealed that Nigeria, like other participating British colonial territories felt the impact of the First World which began in Europe in 1914 and ended in 1918. Much of the fighting took place among the central powers. In 1917, the USA joined the war against Germany as a consequence of her submarine activities and intrigues in Mexico. The War had a negative political, economic and social impact on all nations, leading to the peace conference in Paris and the treaty of Versailles in June 1919. Nigeria played a very vital role in the drive to achieve this by providing military training as well as a training in citizenship for democracy and political leadership. A culture of peace, education and non-violence has been the norm in Nigeria since the post-war period. The aims of the paper therefore are to understand the state and the role of education during the war and post-war period in Nigeria, to analyze the role of education in fostering peace in the education and to recommend ways of maintaining peace in the education sector in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended in this paper that the Nigerian Educational Research Development Council, should formulate policies that will bring cohesion with a bid to balancing the gap between the North and the South, that Labour Unions should resolve issues with government on a round table conference and not through violence and strike actions i.e. the Nigeria Union of Teachers, government should not mix educational matter with politics and education personnel should be well remunerated and given maximum encouragement to enhance productivity in the sector.展开更多
In Turkish, the phrase ＂armed forces＂ is usually interchangeable with the word ＂army＂, the land forces constituting the crushing majority of the whole military population. Turkish military serves as a nation-build...In Turkish, the phrase ＂armed forces＂ is usually interchangeable with the word ＂army＂, the land forces constituting the crushing majority of the whole military population. Turkish military serves as a nation-builder, absorbing and unifying all young males in the compulsory service with no discrimination whatsoever. Most of the other neighboring countries have all-professional-armed-forces, which consolidate a different and distinct class or even a sort of cast within the bosom of that very nation, thereby effectively working toward a disintegration, let alone unification. The incorporating and integrating function of the Turkish military can be understood better when this valuable comparison is taken into consideration. All valuable potentials attain recognition, there being no place for waste, as far as human resources go. The we-feeling there extends to each and every one of the soldiers. The military organization not only prepares the young man-power for a prospective armed conflict, but also imparts many good qualities and virtuous values into their characters like discipline, perseverance, comradeship, and self-esteem. The military, in a sense, serves as a process of initiation or a rite de passage, the end-result of which upon the honorable discharge at the end of the service term, is only a more mature and dignified young person than before.展开更多
文摘The paper discusses how the inventory control of army equipment material runs sytematically under the two-level maintenance system,and establishes the inventory control model based on system dynamics.On the basis of modeling and simulation,the influence of different inventory upper limit on the whole system is studied,and the optimal inventory control mechanism under the model condition is foud.In addition,through the simulation of two replenishment strategies(s,S) and(T,s,S),the advantages and disadvantages and feasibility of each replenishment strategy are analyzed.
文摘The onset of construction and personnel transfers to the islands of Guam and Tinian present a case study in which peacetime military operations threaten conservation of environmental resources. The planning process indicates land conversion, increased population, and invasive species arriving in the midst of increased imports are among the major impending threats, especially to terrestrial biological resources. We discuss historical events that have marginalized the contributions of local stakeholders, mistake-ridden planning processes revealing inadequate efforts to safeguard the environment, and compelling evidence that predicts a trajectory targeting imminent damage of terrestrial resources. We contend these developments present a case study within the ecological ethics discipline whereby peacetime military operations push conservation of the environment to the sidelines in the name of national defense. We conclude that conservation of environmental resources is not ancillary to national security, it is integral. Wartime military damage to natural resources is unavoidable, therefore, peacetime military operations should embrace conservation priorities to a greater degree.
文摘In this study the authors compared the sequence types （STs） designed by sequence based typing （SBT） of 4 clinical and 12 environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 （LP1） which were isolated from hospital facilities for the mentally disabled. The strains were selected after a retrospective surveillance of 565 clinical records （2002-2009） and investigations of water circuit. It was possible to correlate two clinical strains with the corresponding environment, which were collected from showers that had exposed the patients （ST685, ST16） and two clinical strains present in the same structure （STI）. The other environmental strains were isolated from water in the department with confirmed or suspected clinical cases. All the strains （seven） from the first structure had ST188; two from the second structure had ST34; and the last from the third structure, gave an ST694. The results were compared with the European Working Group for Legionella Infections （EWGLI） database： the ST 1, 16, 34 and 188 were already known in literature, among clinical and nosocomial cases, especially for ST 1, the most distributed worldwide. Two STs were new to the database. ST685 was isolated both from a patient and from the water; ST694, which was found exclusively in the environmental compartment of a control structure （no cases of legionellosis and low number of nosocomial pneumonia）, was unknown in the literature and the authors could only speculate on its possible minor virulence and/or distribution. The implementation of SBT and international comparisons may be useful to gain genotypic knowledge of circulating environmental strains, also verifying their presence in the clinical setting.
文摘MOOCs as a new kind ofordine teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons fi＇om the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the demand of our colleges and universities graduate education MOOCs platforrr~ promote excellent education experts in the army,high-quality teaching resource sharing, to promote the teaching idea transformation,teaching content update and the teaching method reform, improve the quality of military high-level talent cultivation.
文摘As the world marks the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War and Nigeria celebrates the centenary of the amalgamation of the northern and southern Protectorates of 1 st January 1914, when Nigeria became a nation, it is pertinent to examine the contribution of education to fostering peace and unity in the post War era in Nigeria, from 1914 to 1938. Through historical research this project analyzes primary and secondary sources such as journals, publications, textbooks and internet materials. The findings of the study revealed that Nigeria, like other participating British colonial territories felt the impact of the First World which began in Europe in 1914 and ended in 1918. Much of the fighting took place among the central powers. In 1917, the USA joined the war against Germany as a consequence of her submarine activities and intrigues in Mexico. The War had a negative political, economic and social impact on all nations, leading to the peace conference in Paris and the treaty of Versailles in June 1919. Nigeria played a very vital role in the drive to achieve this by providing military training as well as a training in citizenship for democracy and political leadership. A culture of peace, education and non-violence has been the norm in Nigeria since the post-war period. The aims of the paper therefore are to understand the state and the role of education during the war and post-war period in Nigeria, to analyze the role of education in fostering peace in the education and to recommend ways of maintaining peace in the education sector in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended in this paper that the Nigerian Educational Research Development Council, should formulate policies that will bring cohesion with a bid to balancing the gap between the North and the South, that Labour Unions should resolve issues with government on a round table conference and not through violence and strike actions i.e. the Nigeria Union of Teachers, government should not mix educational matter with politics and education personnel should be well remunerated and given maximum encouragement to enhance productivity in the sector.
文摘In Turkish, the phrase ＂armed forces＂ is usually interchangeable with the word ＂army＂, the land forces constituting the crushing majority of the whole military population. Turkish military serves as a nation-builder, absorbing and unifying all young males in the compulsory service with no discrimination whatsoever. Most of the other neighboring countries have all-professional-armed-forces, which consolidate a different and distinct class or even a sort of cast within the bosom of that very nation, thereby effectively working toward a disintegration, let alone unification. The incorporating and integrating function of the Turkish military can be understood better when this valuable comparison is taken into consideration. All valuable potentials attain recognition, there being no place for waste, as far as human resources go. The we-feeling there extends to each and every one of the soldiers. The military organization not only prepares the young man-power for a prospective armed conflict, but also imparts many good qualities and virtuous values into their characters like discipline, perseverance, comradeship, and self-esteem. The military, in a sense, serves as a process of initiation or a rite de passage, the end-result of which upon the honorable discharge at the end of the service term, is only a more mature and dignified young person than before.
