高速公路交通流的仿真模型研究

本文以爱尔朗分布为基础，将高速公路上车辆分为队状跟车和非跟车两种类型交通流，用大量实地观测数据检验分布的特性，推导出非跟车流车头间隔的概率分布函数和仿真用的两种交通流的随机变量公式．

Factors affecting headway regularity on bus routes

The common phenomenon of uneven headway in bus service is explored based on the automatic vehicle location （AVL） data of Route 2 in Yichun City of Jiangxi province from 6：00 to 9：00 in the morning. The headway regularity of two stages 6： 00--7：00 and 7： 00--9：00 is comparatively analyzed, and it is found that both the traffic conditions and the passenger demand affect headway regularity. A bus arrival model, which assumes that the dwell time of a bus is linear in headway, is built to probe the effect of scheduled headway, and the model is simulated by Matlab. The simulation results reveal that the departure intervals and fluctuations affect headway regularity. Longer intervals and less fluctuation mean higher regularity of headway. And, the fluctuation has a more obvious influence on headway regularity than the interval. Controlling the fluctuations of scheduled headway can effectively raise the regularity of headway and improve the level of public transport service.

高速公路行车安全规律

高速公路交通事故相对较少,但是,一旦发生交通事故,一般都是恶性交通事故,造成车辆损坏和人员伤亡的严重后果。因此,应根据高速公路具有的性能分析行车安全的规律性。 行车速度的规律 目前高速公路上行车速度相当高,特别下坡路段车速更高,小轿车可达140～180km/h,客货车可达80～120km/h。用这种车速行驶不安全,因为高速公路设计车速为100～120km/h,高速公路的平曲线半径、纵坡、视距、超高等受设计车速的限制。行车速度在设计车速范围的行车是安全的,超过设计车速时的行车不安全,有可能出现交通事故。为了发挥高速公路快速、安全的性能,在高速公路上应限制最高车速和最低车速,结合我国实际情况,高速公路最高车速限制在100～120km/h为宜,最低车速限制在40～60km/h为宜。 车头间隔规律