摆臂技术对无支撑依柳辛转体相姿势控制的影响

通过比较无支撑依柳辛动作转体过程中身体躯干和摆动腿所形成摆动平面的姿势表现和单足支撑的平衡表现,研究不同摆臂技术对姿势控制能力的影响,并确定哪种技术会更有利于完成特定姿势的平衡控制。运用动作分析系统对2名世界优秀竞技健美操运动员于洋洋和Suwabe分别使用对侧摆臂和同侧摆臂技术完成无支撑依柳辛动作进行三维运动学分析,结果发现:与同侧摆臂技术比较,运用对侧摆臂技术运动员在转体相中身体摆动平面更接近去目标矢状面(P<0.001)、摆动腿与支撑腿形成的夹角峰值显著增大(P<0.01)、上体躯干和支撑腿形成的夹角显著减小(P<0.001);人体重心和足底压力中心倾斜角在前后方向的摆动范围显著减小(P<0.001),在左右方向的摆动范围和校正上均显著减小(P<0.01、P<0.001)。研究表明:运用对侧式摆动技术有利于运动员将身体肢段移动到目标位置,并保持较好的平衡。

说课在“两回转体相贯”中的探讨和应用

说课作为教学研究和教学交流的一种手段,是提高教师业务素质、促进教学与研究相结合的有效方法,也是推动教学改革的有效措施。本文以《工程制图》中"两回转体相贯"内容为例,在教材、教法学法、教学流程和教学反思四个方面对如何说好课进行了简要示范。

Screening of the Metastasis-Associated Genes by Gene Chip in High Metastatic Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

Affymetrix U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were used to study the differences of gene expressions between high （H） metastatic ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910PM, and normal ovarian tissues （C）. Bioinformatics was used to identify their chromosomal localizations. A total of 1,237 genes were found to have a difference in expression levels more than eight times. Among them 597 were upregulated [Signal Log Ratio （SLR） ≥3], and 640 genes were downregulated （SLR≤-3）. Except one gene, whose location was unknown, all these genes were randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. However, chromosome 1 contained the most differentially expressed genes （115 genes, 9.3%）, followed by chromosome 2 （94 genes, 7.6%）, chromosome 12 （88 genes, 7.1%）, chromosome 11 （76 genes, 6.1%）, chromosomes X （71 genes, 5.7%）, and chromosomes l7 （69 genes, 5.6%）. These genes were localized on short-arm of chromosome （q）, which had 805 （65.1%） genes, and the short arms of No.13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 chromosomes were the only parts of the chromosomes where the differentially expressed genes were localized. Functional classification showed that most of the genes （306 genes, 24.7%） belonged to the enzymes and their regulator groups. The subsequent group was the nucleic acid binding genes （144 genes, 11.6%）. The rest of the top two groups were signal transduction genes （137 genes, 11.1%） and proteins binding genes （116 genes, 9.4%）. These comprised 56.8% of all the differentially expressed genes. There were also 207 genes whose functions were unknown （16.7 %）. Therefore it was concluded that differentially expressed genes in high metastatic ovarian cancer cell were supposed to be randomly distributed across the genome, but the majority were found on chromosomes 1, 2, 12, 11, 17, and X. Abnormality in four groups of genes, including in enzyme and its regulator, nucleic acid binding, signal transduction and protein binding associated genes, might play important roles in ovarian cancer metastasis. Those genes need to be further studied.

Numerical Study of Solid-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Stirred Tanks with Rushton Impeller (Ⅰ) Formulation and Simulation of Flow Field

The critical impeller speed, N_(JS), for complete suspension of solidparticles in the agitated solid-liquid two-phase system in baffled stirred tanks with a standardRushton impeller is predicted using the computational procedure proposed in Part Ⅰ. Three differentnumerical criteria are tested for determining the critical solid suspension. The predicted N_(JS)is compared with those obtained from several empirical correlations. It is suggested the mostreasonable criterion for determining the complete suspension of solid particles is the positive signof simulated axial velocity of solid phase at the location where the solid particles are mostdifficult to be suspended.

Shape memory TiNi powders produced by plasma rotating electrode process for additive manufacturing

This study aimed to produce spherical TiNi powders suitable for additive manufacturing by plasma rotating electrode process(PREP).Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the surface and inner micro-morphology,phase constituent and martensitic transformation temperature of the surface and inner of the atomized TiNi powders with different particle sizes.The results show that the powder surface becomes smoother and the grain becomes finer gradually with decreasing particle size.All the powders exhibit a main B2-TiNi phase,while large powders with the particle size≥178μm contain additional minor Ti2Ni and Ni3Ti secondary phases.These secondary phases are a result of the eutectoid decomposition during cooling.Particles with different particle sizes have experienced different cooling rates during atomization.Various cooling rates cause different martensitic transformation temperatures and routes of the TiNi powders;in particular,the transformation temperature decreases with decreasing particle size.

Correlation analysis between serum β2-MG and sodium/iodide symporter in patients with thyroid carcinoma

Objective： The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of sodium/iodide symporter, serum levels of β2-MG and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma patients. Methods： Ninty-five cases with thyroid carcinoma, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with double-antibody sandwich to detect the serum β2-MG levels and immunehistochemistry to detect NIS expression of thyroid cancer tissue. Results： Thirty-seven cases showed positive expression of sodium/iodide symporter （38.9%） and 30 cases showed positive expression of β2-MG （31.57%）. There were significant differences of NIS expression （X2 = 8.207, P = 0.017） and β2-MG expression （X2 = 10.121, P = 0.006） between different pathological types of thyroid carcinoma, but there was no correlation between the positive rate of the two research groups （r = -0.546, P = 0.633）. The significant differences was observed in expression of sodium/iodide symporter （X2 = 9.272, P=0.002） and expression of β2-MG （X2 = 4.441, P = 0.035） between the group with neck lymph node metastasis and the group without neck lymph node metastasis and both positive rate was significantly negatively correlated （r = -1.000, P = 0.000）. The significant differences was observed in expression of sodium/iodide symporter （X2 = 9.272, P = 0.002） and expression of β2-MG （X2 = 3.867, P = 0.043） between the group with distant organ metastasis and the group without distant organ metastasis （X2 = 11.985, P = 0.001） and both positive rate was significantly negatively correlated （r = -1.000, P = 0.000）. Conclusion： There are significantly negatively correlated between neck lymph node metastasis, distant organ metastasis and expression of sodium/iodide symporter and expression of β2-MG. Thyroid cancer lymph node and distant organ metastasis, the tumor tissue NIS expression and serum levels of β2-MG is significantly negatively correlated. The detection of serum β2-MG provides clinical reference value for the effects on radionuclide therapy and prognosis assessment of thyroid carcinoma. Serum β2-MG levels is negatively correlated with prognosis in thyroid cancer patients.

Exact Numerical Solutions of Bose-Hubbard Model

Hamiltonian of a one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model is re-formulated by using differential realization of the boson algebra. Energy matrices can then be generated systematically by using a Mathematica package. The output can be taken as the input of other diagonalization codes. As examples, exact energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wavefunctions for some cases are obtained with a Fortran diagonalization code. Phase transition of the model is analyzed.

Phase Transition for a Mixed Spin-1／2 and Spin-sB System with a Transverse CrystalField

The critical behaviors of a mixed spin-1/2 and spin-sB Ising system with a transverse crystal field are studiedby use of the effective-field theory with correlations. The effect of the transverse crystal field on transition temperaturesis investigated numerically for the honeycomb (z = 3) and square (z = 4) lattices. The results show that there is notricritical point for the system.

Influence of the instability of angular velocity of the rotating carrier itself on the stability of silicon micromachined gyroscope

In order to find out the influence of the instability of angular velocity of the rotating carrier itself on the stability of silicon micromachined gyroscope, the digital models for relative error of the high and low damping gyroscope's output signal are given respectively, based on the motion equations of the silicon micromachined gyroscope. Theory proves that the output signal error of the silicon micromachined sensor is mainly caused by the instability of damping factor and the angular velocity of the rotating carrier itself. The experiment result indicates that the error of proportionality coefficient of output voltage which is caused by the instability of the angular velocity of the rotating carrier itself reaches to 4.1 %. Theoretical demonstration and experimental verification show that the instability of angular velocity of the rotating carrier itself has an important effect on the stability of low damping silicon micromachined gyroscope.

Local Flow Regime Transition Criteria of Gas-Liquid Two-phase Flow in Vertical Upward Tube with a Horizontal Rod

The upward multiphase cross flow and heat transfer in the vertical tube may occur in oil production and chemical facilities. In this study, the local flow patterns of an upward gas-water two phase cross flow in a vertical tube with a horizontal rod have been investigated with an optical probe and the digital high speed video system. The local flow patterns are defined as the bubble, slug, churn and annular flow patterns. Optical probe signals are ana- lyzed in terms of probability density function, and it is proved that the local flow patterns can be recognized by this method. The transition mechanisms between the different flow patterns have been analyzed and the corresponding transitional models are proposed. Finally, local flow pattern maps of the upward gas-water two-phase flow in the vertical tube with a horizontal rod are constructed.

Superfluid-Mott-Insulator Phase .Transition of Bosons in an Optical Lattice

The Bose-Hubbard model describing interacting bosons in an optical lattice is reduced to a simple spin-1 XY model with single-ion anisotropy in the vicinity of the Mort phase. We propose a mean-field theory based on a constraint SU（3） pseudo-boson representation on the effective model to study the properties of the superfluid-Mott-insulator phase transition. By calculating the elementary excitation spectra and the average particle number tluctuation in the Brillouin zone center, we lind that the energy gaps vanish continuously around （JXY/Jz）c≈ 0.175 and （JxY/Jz）c ≈ 0.094 for 2D and 3D cubic lattices respectively, where the superfluid order parameters come up from zero and the Mort insulator state changes into a superfluid state.

Phase transitions of dielectric elastomers in a circular frame

In order to imitate biological addesion performance nd skin properties,phase transitions on dielectric elastomers(D E)with high voltages are studied.The states of flat,rinkled and bulging on the circular active area which is coated w th electrodes verify the theoretical prediction of phase transitions and failure phenomena.When the DE membrane is subjected to a radial force and increasing voltage,four experimental phenomena are discovered before electric breakdown:The active region expands,and the thin membrane is still flat till breakdown;bulging forms instead of a fa t area on the membrane;wrinkes and bulging coexist;and the active aea is completely wrinlded there are two types of phase transitions between the fa t andwrinded regions in a membrane:Wrinkles form in small regions,and te n propagate at the expense of t e flat area until he entire active part becomes wrinded;b o t the wrinded a d flat regions move interchangeably on a membrane with ramping voltage till breakdown.It is found that when Aere is no prestretch of a DE membrane,bulging w ill occur with te increasing voltage.Wrinkles commonly appear at large prestretch and,terefore,the prestetched ratio significantly affects electomechanical phase tansitions.

Analytical models for circular and spherical dielectric elastomers

In order to imitate skin characteristics, a dielectric elastomer (DE) membrane coated with flexible electrodes is applied with high voltage, which can lead to wrinkles and other phenomena. To develop soft-actuated air vehicles and other equipment, lightweight gas is pumped into a DE spherical shell to generate controllable flight movements. According to experimental phenomena and data, the calculation models of phase transitions on circular DE films are built. Meanwhile, the deformation characteristics of different DE (acrylic polymer and rubber) spherical actuators combined with helium are compared. The peak pressure inside a rubber balloon is greater than that of a VHB (acrylic polymer) balloon shell, but the limit stretch of rubber is much smaller. By taking advantages of this phenomenon, large deformations of a VHB spherical shell can be realized at an actuated state. Moreover, multi-layer spherical DE shells can achieve larger voltage-induced volume change than monolayer ones. The research indicates that pre-stretching is one of the key factors to induce phase transitions between flat, wrinkled and bulging regions on circular DE films, and the internal pressure determines the electromechanical performance of balloon actuators.

Description of Chiral Doublet Bands in Odd-Odd Cs Isotopes

Properties of the chair doublet bands of the odd-odd Cs isotopes built on the πh11/2× vh11/2 configuration are investigated systematically within the supersymmetry scheme including many-body interactions and possessing the SO（5）（or SU（5）） symmetry on the rotational symmetry. Quantitatively good results of the energy spectra, the energy staggering parameter as a function of the spin are obtained. The calculation shows that the stronger competition between the pairing and anti-pairing effects and the SU（3） symmetry broking more seriously exist in the stable chiral structure.

Description of Properties of Triaxial Superdeformed Bands in Odd-A Lu Isotopes

Properties of the triaxial superdeformed （TSD） bands of odd-A Lu isotopes are investigated systematically within the supersymmetry scheme including many-body interactions and a perturbation possessing the S0（5） （or SU（5）） symmetry on the rotational symmetry. Quantitatively good results of the γ-ray energies, the dynamical moments of inertia and the spin of the TSD bands in odd-A Lu isotopes are obtained. The calculation shows that the competition between the pairing and anti-pairing effects exists in these TSD bands. Meanwhile, the SU（3） symmetry in TSD bands are broken more seriously than in superdeformed （SD） bands.

Corpus, Body, and Sense in Nancy, Deleuze and Charles H. Long

This article investigates the role of the body in Jean-Luc Nancy＇s powerful essay Corpus, and critiques it from the standpoint of Agamben＇s biopolitics. For Nancy, the body becomes the privileged site of both existence and sense in a way that threatens to obscure the logic of exceptional decision that Agamben takes from Carl Schmitt. As an alternative to Nancy＇s understanding of the body, we can see in Deleuze a series of bodies that works in parallel to a series of sense or language, where sense and body do not get collapsed into each other. At the same time, contemporary continental philosophy resists the idealistic separation of thinking and embodiment. Deleuze calls this relation between sense and body a cut, but we could also consider a parallax, following Slavoj Zizek. Finally, African-American historian of religion Charles H. Long＇s work complements some of Deleuze＇s insights in a more explicitly postcolonial context.

Tailoring organic bulk-heterojunction for charge extraction and spectral absorption in CsPbBr perovskite solar cells

All-inorganic CsPbBr_(3)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are promising candidates to balance the stability and efficiency issues of organic-inorganic hybrid devices.However,the large energy barrier for charge transfer and narrow spectral response are still two challenging problems for performance improvement.We present here an organic bulkheterojunction{poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester(P3HT:PCBM)}photoactive layer to boost the charge extraction and to widen the spectral absorption,achieving an enhanced power conversion efficiency up to 8.94%by optimizing the thickness of P3HT:PCBM photoactive layer,which is much higher than 6.28%for the pristine CsPbBr_(3)device.The interaction between the carbonyl group in PCBM and unsaturated Pb atom in the perovskite surface can effectively passivate the defects and reduce charge recombination.Furthermore,the coupling effect between PCBM and P3HT widens the spectral response from 540 to 650 nm for an increased short-circuit current density.More importantly,the devices are relatively stable over 75 days upon persistent attack by 70%relative humidity in air condition.These advantages of high efficiency,excellent long-term stability,cost-effectiveness and scalability may promote the commercialization of inorganic PSCs.

Liquid-liquid phase transition in water

Water shows anomalies different from most of other materials.Different sceniaros have been proposed to explain water anomalies,among which the liquid-liquid phase transition(LLPT)is the most discussed one.It attributes water anomalies to the existence of a hypothesized liquid-liquid critical point(LLCP)buried deep in the supercooled region.We briefly review the recent experimental and theoretical progresses on the study of the LLPT in water.These studies include the discussion on the existence of the first order LLPT in supercooled water and the detection of liquid-liquid critical point.Simulational results of different water models for LLPT and the experimental evidence in confined water are also discussed.

Ground and Low-Lying Collective States of Rotating Three-Boson System

The ground and low-lying collective states of a rotating system of N=3 bosons harmonically confined in quasi-two-dimension and interacting via repulsive finite-range Gaussian potential is studied in weakly to moderately interacting regime.The N-body Hamiltonian matrix is diagonalized in subspaces of quantized total angular momenta 0 ≤ L ≤ 4N to obtain the ground and low-lying eigenstates.Our numerical results show that breathing modes with N-body eigenenergy spacing of 2hω⊥,known to exist in strictly 2D system with zero-range(δ-function) interaction potential,may as well exist in quasi-2D system with finite-range Gaussian interaction potential.To gain an insight into the many-body states,the von Neumann entropy is calculated as a measure of quantum correlation and the conditional probability distribution is analyzed for the internal structure of the eigenstates.In the rapidly rotating regime the ground state in angular momentum subspaces L=(q/2)N(N-1) with q=2,4 is found to exhibit the anticorrelation structure suggesting that it may variationally be described by a Bose–Laughlin like state.We further observe that the first breathing mode exhibits features similar to the Bose–Laughlin state in having eigenenergy,von Neumann entropy and internal structure independent of interaction for the three-boson system considered here.On the contrary,for eigenstates lying between the Bose–Laughlin like ground state and the first breathing mode,values of eigenenergy,von Neumann entropy and internal structure are found to vary with interaction.

Small molecular non-fullerene electron acceptors for P3HT-based bulk-heterojunction solar cells

Three small molecules with the same arms and different cores of perylene diimide(PDI)or indaceno[2,1-b:6,5-b']dithiophene(IDT)were designed and synthesized as the acceptor materials for P3HT-based bulk-heterojunction(BHJ)solar cells.The impacts of the different cores on the optical absorption,electrochemical properties,electron mobility,film morphology,photoluminescene characteristics,and solar cell performance were thoroughly studied.The three compounds possess a broad absorption covering the wavelength range of 400–700 nm and relatively low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)energy levels of?3.86,?3.81 and?3.99 eV.The highest power conversion efficiency of 0.82%was achieved for the BHJ solar cells based on SM3 as the acceptor material,the compound with a PDI core.