Exchange coupling and magfietization reversal mechanism in two series of CoxNil-x/CoO （30 nm） （x=0.2 and 0.4） bilayers are studied by vector magnetometer. Two components of magnetization are measured parallel and ...Exchange coupling and magfietization reversal mechanism in two series of CoxNil-x/CoO （30 nm） （x=0.2 and 0.4） bilayers are studied by vector magnetometer. Two components of magnetization are measured parallel and perpendicular to the applied field. At low temperatures, coercivity Hc oc （tFM）^-n, n = 1.5 and 1.38 for x = 0.2 and 0.4, respectively, in agreement with the random field model. At room temperature, the coercivity is nearly proportional to the inverse FM layer thickness. In addition to the exchange field and the coercivity, the characteristic of the magnetization reversal mechanism was found to change with temperature. At temperatures below 180 K, magnetization reversal process along the unidirectional axis is accompanied only by nucleation and pinning of domain wall while magnetization rotation is also involved at high temperatures.展开更多
Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmenta...Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmental accounting system are analyzed, and also corresponding measures for transforming the disadvantages are proposed.展开更多
This study reports preparation of glass composition （54.50 wt.%） SiO2, （10.80 wt.%） B2O3, （14.20 wt.%） Na2O, （1.20 wt.%） K2O, （6.00 wt.%） CaO, （4.00 wt.%） Fe2O3 and （9.30 wt.%） TiO2 by melt quenching met...This study reports preparation of glass composition （54.50 wt.%） SiO2, （10.80 wt.%） B2O3, （14.20 wt.%） Na2O, （1.20 wt.%） K2O, （6.00 wt.%） CaO, （4.00 wt.%） Fe2O3 and （9.30 wt.%） TiO2 by melt quenching method using direct microwave heating and conventional resistive heating. Study of dielectric loss factor of the glass as function of temperature illustrated increasing loss factor above 370 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃ and 900 ℃, indicating enhanced microwave absorption by the glass at above these temperatures. Chemical analysis results of both the glasses depicted more volatilization loss of volatile ingredients in conventional heating. The study of chemical durability was performed from leachate analysis describing less leaching of Na2O, K2O and other constituents from glass melted in microwave furnace. Glass transition temperatures （Tg） were found to be 576.3 ℃ and 569.5 ℃ for glass melted in conventional and microwave heating route, respectively. Laboratory experiment of glass melting utilizing microwave energy as an alternate heating source demonstrated 70%-75% electrical power saving.展开更多
FeCrAI （Ce） stainless steel was functionalized by a conversion treatment in order to allow alumina by diffusion coatings with strong interfacial bonding. The very porous conversion coating produced in a pack alumini...FeCrAI （Ce） stainless steel was functionalized by a conversion treatment in order to allow alumina by diffusion coatings with strong interfacial bonding. The very porous conversion coating produced in a pack aluminization technique had excellent adhesion and was conductive enough to permit conditions favorable for the precipitation of alumina oxyhydroxide during aluminum diffusion coatings. In this work, the bed was prepared as a mixture of A1, NH4C1 and A1203. In the high-activity bed were heat-treated at 1,173 K in an atmosphere made up of team with subsequent air-cooling. The effect of the bed content on the coating was examined. With the high-activity, the desired Fe2Al5 was formed as the outermost coating layer. The coating presented chemical composition gradients suitable for strong adhesion. The improvement of the thermal oxidation behaviour was studied at 1,373 K. Two different aqueous environments, which are （1） NaC1 and （2） H2SO4, are employed for using the technique of potentiodynamic polarization curve. The obtained experimental electrochemical parameters （Ecorr, Jcorr etc,） were used to compare the corrosion resistance of the tested steel state complemented by MEB （electronic scanning microscopy） in combination with dispersive analysis X in energy （EDS） or X ray diffraction indicated that the elements concentration maximum was located in the vicinity of the interface especially in the FeCrAI （Ce） coated by spherical A1203 powder. These results an discussed in terms of an addition effect on the development of the microstructure of oxide films.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10504019)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Program (Grant No.T0104)the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education(Grant No.05AZ10)
文摘Exchange coupling and magfietization reversal mechanism in two series of CoxNil-x/CoO （30 nm） （x=0.2 and 0.4） bilayers are studied by vector magnetometer. Two components of magnetization are measured parallel and perpendicular to the applied field. At low temperatures, coercivity Hc oc （tFM）^-n, n = 1.5 and 1.38 for x = 0.2 and 0.4, respectively, in agreement with the random field model. At room temperature, the coercivity is nearly proportional to the inverse FM layer thickness. In addition to the exchange field and the coercivity, the characteristic of the magnetization reversal mechanism was found to change with temperature. At temperatures below 180 K, magnetization reversal process along the unidirectional axis is accompanied only by nucleation and pinning of domain wall while magnetization rotation is also involved at high temperatures.
文摘Along with the more and more attention from people to the environmental problems, people constantly attach higher and higher importance to the environmental accounting. In this paper, the disadvantages of environmental accounting system are analyzed, and also corresponding measures for transforming the disadvantages are proposed.
文摘This study reports preparation of glass composition （54.50 wt.%） SiO2, （10.80 wt.%） B2O3, （14.20 wt.%） Na2O, （1.20 wt.%） K2O, （6.00 wt.%） CaO, （4.00 wt.%） Fe2O3 and （9.30 wt.%） TiO2 by melt quenching method using direct microwave heating and conventional resistive heating. Study of dielectric loss factor of the glass as function of temperature illustrated increasing loss factor above 370 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃ and 900 ℃, indicating enhanced microwave absorption by the glass at above these temperatures. Chemical analysis results of both the glasses depicted more volatilization loss of volatile ingredients in conventional heating. The study of chemical durability was performed from leachate analysis describing less leaching of Na2O, K2O and other constituents from glass melted in microwave furnace. Glass transition temperatures （Tg） were found to be 576.3 ℃ and 569.5 ℃ for glass melted in conventional and microwave heating route, respectively. Laboratory experiment of glass melting utilizing microwave energy as an alternate heating source demonstrated 70%-75% electrical power saving.
文摘FeCrAI （Ce） stainless steel was functionalized by a conversion treatment in order to allow alumina by diffusion coatings with strong interfacial bonding. The very porous conversion coating produced in a pack aluminization technique had excellent adhesion and was conductive enough to permit conditions favorable for the precipitation of alumina oxyhydroxide during aluminum diffusion coatings. In this work, the bed was prepared as a mixture of A1, NH4C1 and A1203. In the high-activity bed were heat-treated at 1,173 K in an atmosphere made up of team with subsequent air-cooling. The effect of the bed content on the coating was examined. With the high-activity, the desired Fe2Al5 was formed as the outermost coating layer. The coating presented chemical composition gradients suitable for strong adhesion. The improvement of the thermal oxidation behaviour was studied at 1,373 K. Two different aqueous environments, which are （1） NaC1 and （2） H2SO4, are employed for using the technique of potentiodynamic polarization curve. The obtained experimental electrochemical parameters （Ecorr, Jcorr etc,） were used to compare the corrosion resistance of the tested steel state complemented by MEB （electronic scanning microscopy） in combination with dispersive analysis X in energy （EDS） or X ray diffraction indicated that the elements concentration maximum was located in the vicinity of the interface especially in the FeCrAI （Ce） coated by spherical A1203 powder. These results an discussed in terms of an addition effect on the development of the microstructure of oxide films.
