定位转基因所在的小麦基因组的细胞遗传学方法(英文)

本文设计了一种利用细胞遗传学原理定位转基因小麦中转基因所在的基因组的系统方法 ,并对该方法的有效性和可靠性进行了验证。该方法利用分别含有AABB、AADD和BBDD基因组的小麦近缘四倍体与待测转基因小麦杂交 ,F1 五倍体与同源非转化品种回交 ,根据回交群体中在抗性基因控制的性状上的分离比例以及各个体的染色体数目分析 ,从而对转基因小麦中转基因所在的基因组进行定位。该方法简单、可靠 ,实用性强 。

转Xa21基因水稻中T-DNA整合的遗传定位

利用转抗白叶枯病基因Xa2 1的水稻材料 ,通过TAIL PCR方法扩增T DNA整合的侧翼序列。从中筛选属于水稻基因组DNA的T DNA整合的侧翼序列作为探针 ,将外源基因整合位点定位到窄叶青 /京系 17DH群体构建的水稻分子连锁图谱上。共获得属于水稻基因组DNA的T DNA侧翼序列 2 2个 ,其中的 19个序列在定位群体的两个亲本之间显示RFLP多态性 ,分别定位在水稻基因组的第 3,4 ,5 ,7,9,10 ,11和 12染色体上。带有转基因Xa2 1的T DNA整合的定位为研究外源基因在不同染色体位点的位置效应和稳定遗传打下基础。

Physiological Character and Gene Mapping in a New Green-revertible Albino Mutant in Rice

A green-revertible albino mutant-Qiufeng M was found from the japonica rice （Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica） Qiufeng in the field. The first three leaves of the mutant were albino with some green. The leaf color became pale green since the fourth leaf and the glume had the same phenomenon as the first three leaves. The measuring data of the pigment content confirmed the visually observed results. It truly had a remarkable changing process in the leaf color in Qiufeng M. Comparison of the main agronomic characters between Qiufeng and Qiufeng M indicated that the neck length and grain weight showed significant difference at the 1% level, and other characters were not different. Genetic analysis showed that the green-revertible albino trait was controlled by a single recessive nucleic gene. Using 209 recessive mutant individuals in the F2 population derived from the cross Pei＇ai 64S × Qiufeng M, a gene, tentatively named gra（t）, was located between the SSR markers of RM475 and RM2-22 on the long arm of chromosome 2. The genetic distance were 17.3 cM and 2.9 cM respectively.

Screening of the Metastasis-Associated Genes by Gene Chip in High Metastatic Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

Affymetrix U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were used to study the differences of gene expressions between high （H） metastatic ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910PM, and normal ovarian tissues （C）. Bioinformatics was used to identify their chromosomal localizations. A total of 1,237 genes were found to have a difference in expression levels more than eight times. Among them 597 were upregulated [Signal Log Ratio （SLR） ≥3], and 640 genes were downregulated （SLR≤-3）. Except one gene, whose location was unknown, all these genes were randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. However, chromosome 1 contained the most differentially expressed genes （115 genes, 9.3%）, followed by chromosome 2 （94 genes, 7.6%）, chromosome 12 （88 genes, 7.1%）, chromosome 11 （76 genes, 6.1%）, chromosomes X （71 genes, 5.7%）, and chromosomes l7 （69 genes, 5.6%）. These genes were localized on short-arm of chromosome （q）, which had 805 （65.1%） genes, and the short arms of No.13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 chromosomes were the only parts of the chromosomes where the differentially expressed genes were localized. Functional classification showed that most of the genes （306 genes, 24.7%） belonged to the enzymes and their regulator groups. The subsequent group was the nucleic acid binding genes （144 genes, 11.6%）. The rest of the top two groups were signal transduction genes （137 genes, 11.1%） and proteins binding genes （116 genes, 9.4%）. These comprised 56.8% of all the differentially expressed genes. There were also 207 genes whose functions were unknown （16.7 %）. Therefore it was concluded that differentially expressed genes in high metastatic ovarian cancer cell were supposed to be randomly distributed across the genome, but the majority were found on chromosomes 1, 2, 12, 11, 17, and X. Abnormality in four groups of genes, including in enzyme and its regulator, nucleic acid binding, signal transduction and protein binding associated genes, might play important roles in ovarian cancer metastasis. Those genes need to be further studied.

Increasing Accumulation Level of Foreign Protein in Transgenic Plants Through Protein Targeting

Targeting of the synthesized polypeptide in the cells is an important research field in modern cell biology. Cowpea trypsin inhibitor (cpti) gene has been modified and a fusion protein gene (sck) was produced by fusing a signal peptide sequence at cpti 5' end and an endoplasm reticulum (ER) retention signal peptide at cpti3' end respectively. The signal peptide can direct the newly synthesized polypeptide into ER, while ER retention signal can make the protein retained in the ER and its derivative protein body. ELISA test indicated that the accumulation level of foreign CpTI protein in sck transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was two times higher than cpti transgenic tobaccos and some individuals were four times higher. At the same time, sck transgenic tobacco has a high resistance to Lepidoptera pest due to the increased accumulation level of foreign CpTI protein. The strategy of foreign protein targeting can be used to increase the accumulation level of foreign protein in transgenic plants and can be widely applied to other related research field in plant genetic engineering.

Cloning and characterization of human IC53-2,a novel CDK5 activator binding protein

We have identified IC53-2, a human homologue of the rat C53 gene from a human placenta cDNA library (GeneBank Accession No. AF217982). IC53-2 can bind to the CDK5 activator p35 by in vitro association assay. IC53-2 is mapped to human chromosome 17q21.31. The IC53-2 transcript is highly expressed in kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and placenta. It is abundantly expressed in SMMC-7721, C-33A, 3AO, A431and MCF-7 cancer cell lines by RT-PCR assay. Stable transfection of IC53-2 cDNA into the hepatocellularcarcinoma SMMC-7721 cell remarkably stimulates its growth in vitro. The above results indicate thatIC53-2 is a novel human gene, which may be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation.