转子启动过程HMM故障诊断方法研究

如果转子机械系统存在潜在的缺陷,那么在转子启动过程的振动信号中就会出现异常现象.因此研究转子启动过程的故障诊断方法对于选择合理的应变措施是至关重要的.该过程的故障可以看作是若干主变量依赖于时间的动态模式.隐Markov模型(HMM)已经证明是学习动态时间序列的概率模型的最广泛应用的工具之一,它可以使用一个隐变量来模拟系统的动态行为的变化.实验证明,HMM可以对转子启动过程的故障进行有效的模拟诊断.

基于经验模态分解的转子启动波德图绘制

提出利用经验模态分解的方法来绘制转子启动的波德图。此波德图能够准确地体现转子启动的动态信息,从而克服了手工绘制波德图时由于间断采样使得数据在临界转速不准确的缺点。同时,针对经验模态分解的边缘效应,采用了一种基于等斜率的新方法,即增加极值点的斜率和临近极值点的斜率相等,与其它的边缘值处理方法相比较,该方法不仅利用了信号的内部特征,而且拥有计算简单的优点。

转子启动信号处理中的低频分量提取研究

针对传统滤波方法处理非平稳信号的不足,提出利用经验模态分解法来处理转子启动信号,通过此方法的自适应滤波特性来提取这类信号中的低频分量。首先,用模拟信号对此方法进行验证。然后,应用于实际转子启动信号的处理中。结果表明,隐含在信号中的低频分量被成功地提取出来。根据转子系统的特性进行分析,指出此低频分量实质上是转子公转时所围绕中心点的漂移轨迹,其幅值必须在一定的范围内,否则转子系统可能存在故障。因此,该物理量的提取对转子系统的故障诊断有重要作用。

自启动式高速永磁磁滞电机转子强度分析

为解决自启动式高速永磁磁滞电机转子因磁滞力矩不足出现的转子打滑问题,提出两种新的“磁滞柱+永磁环”转子结构。为保证两种结构在高速运转的工况下能够安全运行,须对转子进行强度校核。基于厚壁圆筒理论分别对两种新型结构转子推导了各部分的位移场和应力场,采用有限元方法验证了解析计算的准确性,并对两种结构各部分的应力及位移进行对比分析。在额定功率为10 kW、额定转速为120×10^(3)r/min的工况下,两类转子在切向和轴向的应力差值较大,主要发生在磁滞柱材料部分,3层转子受拉,4层转子受压,两类转子各部分的位移变化均在合理范围之内。4层转子结构在启动过程中,敏感配合处应力满足强度使用条件,因此,碳纤维保护套对磁滞柱部分可以起到一定的保护作用,改变了3层结构中原有的磁滞柱与永磁环的应力状态,证明了该结构的可行性及有效性,为自启动转子的设计与优化提供了合理的理论依据。

多功能柔性功率调节器的启动和并网研究

多功能柔性功率调节器(FPC)可视为不带机械负载且转动惯量很大的双馈电机,具有独立快速的有功、无功调节能力,在提高电力系统稳定性和改善电能质量等方面具有良好的应用前景。文中主要研究了FPC的启动和并网方法。根据FPC自身的特性,选用了转子串电阻启动和直接变频启动这2种启动方法,并进行了详细的理论和数字仿真分析。这2种方法都采用了直接并网方式,尤其是后者既无需控制策略的切换,也无需增加额外的辅助启动设备,因而最为理想,可为双馈电机所借鉴。

基于嵌入式PLC的绕线电机控制

本文以绕线转子异步电动机转子串电阻启动控制线路改造为例,介绍了国产科威嵌入式PLC在电气控制线路改造中的应用,绘出了相关的控制系统硬件配置和主要控制程序。

Isolation of a Genomic DNA for Gastrodia Antifungal Protein and Analyses of Its Promoter in Transgenic Tobacco

A genomic DNA containing 5'-upstream region and complete open reading frame of a Gastrodia antifungal protein was isolated by screening of a genomic library from Gastrodia elata B1. To investigate the promoter activity, the 5'-flanking region - 1 157 lip upstream from the putative transcription start site was fused to the coding sequence of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene and transformed into Nicotiana tabacum. The strongest GUS activity was detected in the roots of transgenic tobacco, followed by stems. The leaves only showed a low GUS activity. Furthermore, the promoter established inducible expression pattern in transgenic tobacco upon fungus Trichoderma viride inoculation and jasmonic acid and salicylic acid treatments.

Study of Transcription Activity of X-Box Binding Protein 1 Gene in Human Different Cell Lines

Human X-box binding protein 1 （XBP1）, an important transcription factor, participates in many signal transduction processes. To further investigate the biological function of XBP1, sequences of XBP1 promoter and its two deletion mutants were first determined using bioinformatic analysis. The report vectors containing XBP1 promoter and its deletion mutants were then constructed, namely, p1-XBPlp, p2-XBPlp, and p3-XBPlp. Each reporter vector was separately transfected into HepG2, L02, K562, SMMC-7721, HSF, and Lipocyte lto Cell line using FuGENE 6 transfection reagents. The activity of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase （CAT） in each group of transfected cells was detected by ELISA assay, which in turn reflects the transcription activity of the XBP1 gene promoter. The activity involving p3-XBPlp was the highest in HepG2, which was 12.4-fold of that of pCAT3-Basic. The activities of p3-XBPlp in K562 and SMMC-7721 were the second and the third highest, which were 10.9-fold and 10.0-fold of that of the pCAT3-Basic, respectively. The CAT activity in L02 was lower than that in the above-mentioned abnormal cell, and no reporter activity was detected in HSF and Ito Cell. The XBP1 transcription and expression in K562, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 were found to be higher than that in L02, HSF and Ito cells, based on the results of real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. The XBP1 transcription and expression in L02, HSF was lower, whereas that in Ito cells was totally lacking. The result was similar to that of CAT-ELISA. Therefore, the XBP1 gene promoter can drive its downstream gene expression and its activity is cell line-dependent. The core sequence of XBP1 promoter was found between -227bp and 66bp sequence. This sequence was closely associated with the transcriptional activity of XBP1 promoter.

Mammalian Models Based on RCAS-TVA Technique

The retroviral vector （RCAS） has been widely used in avian system to study development and diseases, but is not suitable for mammals which do not produce the retrovirus receptor TVA. In this review, we trace the current uses of RCAS-TVA approach in mammalian system with improved strategies, including generation of tv-a transgenic mice, use of soluble TVA receptor and retroviral receptor-ligand fusion proteins, improvement of RCAS vectors, and compare a series of mammalian models in variant studies of gene function, development, oncogenesis and gene therapy. All those studies demonstrate that the RCAS-TVA based mammalian models are powerful tools for understanding the mechanisms and target treating of human diseases.

Functional analysis of a cotton glucuronosyltransferase promoter in transgenic tobaccos

The 5＇ fragment （1 647 bp） of the cotton glucuronosyltransferase gene （GhGlcAT1） was transcriptionally fused to the β-glucuronidase （GUS） gene, and functionally analyzed for important regulatory regions controlling gene expression in transgenic tobacco plants. GUS activity analysis revealed that the full-length promoter drives efficient expression of the GUS gene in the root cap, seed coat, pollen grains and trichomes. Exposure of the transgenic tobacco to various abiotic stresses showed that the promoter was mainly responsive to the sugars （glucose and sucrose） as well as gibberellic acid. Progressive upstream deletion analyses of the promoter showed that the region from -281 to ＋30 bp is sufficient to drive strong GUS expression in the trichomes of shoot, suggesting that the 311 bp region contains all cis-elements needed for trichome-specific expression. Furthermore, deletion analysis also revealed that the essential cis-element（s） for sucrose induction might be located between -635 and -281 bp. In addition, sequence analysis of the regulatory region indicated several conserved motifs among which some were shared with previously reported seed-specific elements and sugarresponsive elements, while others were related with trichome expression. These findings indicate that a 1 647-bp fragment of the cotton GhGIcAT1 promoter contains specific transcription regulatory elements, and provide clues about the roles of GhGIcAT 1 in cotton fiber development. Further analyses of these elements will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of the GhGlcAT1 gene during fiber elongation.

Expression Pattern of the Foreign Gene Regulated by the Tomato rbcS3A Promoter in Transgenic Tomato

[Objective] This study aimed to reveal the expression pattern of foreign genes regulated by tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic tomato. [Method] Rubisco small subunit promoter rbcS3A was cloned by PCR, fused to the upstream of Gus coding region in a binary vector, and transformed into tomato plants mediated by Agrobacterium. Histochemical staining on PCR positive plants was performed to ana- lyze the expression pattern of the foreign gene regulated by the tomato rbcS3A pro- moter in transgenic tomato. [Result] A total of 15 positive plants were obtained, ac- counting for 33.3%. Histochemical staining showed that the expression level of Gus fusion gene was highest in mature leaf, lower in reproductive organs such as fruit, and not detected in seed. [Conclusion] More positive seedlings were obtained using the modified tissue culture method. Under the control of tomato rbcS3A promoter, exogenous gene highly expressed in transgenic plant leaves, but did not express in seeds and tomato pulp.

Protease-activated receptor(PAR)1, PAR2 and PAR4 expressions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Here,we used reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) and western blot to detect protease-activated receptor(PAR) 1,PAR 2 and PAR 4 expression in cancer tissues and cell lines of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and investigated the co-relationship between PAR expression and clinic-pathological data for esophageal cancer.The methylation of PAR4 gene promoter involved in esophageal carcinoma was also analyzed.By comparing the mRNA expressions of normal esophageal tissue and human esophageal epithelial cells(HEEpiC),we found that among the 28 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,PAR1(60%) and PAR2(71%) were elevated in 17 and 20 cases,respectively,and PAR4(68%) expression was lowered in 19 cases.Whereas,in human esophageal squamous cells(TE-1 and TE-10),PAR1 and PAR2 expression was increased but PAR4 was decreased.Combined with clinical data,the expression of PAR1 in poorly differentiated(P=0.016) and middle and lower parts of the esophagus(P=0.016) was higher; expression of PAR4 in poorly differentiated carcinoma was lower(P=0.049).Regarding TE-1 and TE-10 protein expression,we found that in randomized esophageal carcinoma,PAR1(P=0.027) and PAR2(P=0.039) expressions were increased,but lowered for PAR4(P=0.0001).In HEEpiC,TE-1,TE-10,esophageal and normal esophagus tissue samples(case No.7),the frequency of methylation at the 19 CpG loci of PAR4 was 35.4%,95.2%,83.8%,62.6% and 48.2%,respectively.Our results indicate that the expression of PAR1 and PAR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is increased but PAR4 is decreased.Hypermethylation of the promoter of the PAR4 gene may contribute to reduced expression of PAR4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

环境自适应定向节能型水泵的研究及应用

研发广泛应用于水产养殖、农业及水族宠物饲养相关领域的叶片泵类型的具智能控制的节能型水泵产品。通过开发水泵在不同环境下自动调节功率的智能化控制技术,以及定向代替传统水泵不定向水泵运作的创新技术,同时也研究开发适合定向运行的增效抽水构造技术装置,最后形成具高效、节能、环保、智能化特征的新一代水泵。

A Pin gene families encoding components of auxin efflux carriers in Brassica juncea

Based on the sequence information of Arabidopsis PIN1, two cDNAs encoding PIN homologues from Brassica juncea, Bjpin2 and Bjpin3, were isolated through cDNA library screening. Bjpin2 and Bjpin3 encoded proteins containing 640 and 635 amino acid residues, respectively, which shared 97.5% identities with each other and were highly homologous to Arabidopsis PIN1, PIN2 and other putative PIN proteins. BJPIN2 and BjPIN3 had similar structures as AtPIN proteins. Northern blot analysis indicated that Bjpin2 was expressed in stem, leaf and floral tissues, while Bjpin3 was expressed predominantly in stem and hypocotyls. Two promoter fragments of pin genes, Bjpin-X and Bjpin-Z, were isolated by 'genome walking' technique using primers at 5'-end of pin cDNA. Promoter-gus fusion studies revealed the GUS activities driven by Bjpin-X were at internal side of xylem and petal; while those driven by Bjpin-Z were detected at leaf vein, epidermal cell and cortex of stem, vascular tissues and anther. Results of the pin genes with different expression patterns in B. juncea suggested the presence of a gene family.

Role of Acetylated p53 in Regulating the Expression of map2 in Retinoic Acid-induced P19 Cells

Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of acetylated p53 in the expression of microtubule-associated protein-2(MAP2) in neuronal differentiation of P19 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid(RA).Methods Neuronal differentiation of P19 cells was initiated with 4-day RA treatment.Immunofluorescence,real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) assay,and map2 promoter driven luciferase assay were performed to detect the expression and relative promoter activity of MAP2 in those RA-treated cells.Real-time PCR-based chromatin immunoprecipitation assay(ChIP) was carried out to reveal the specific recruitment of acetylated p53 onto its binding sites on map2 promoter.Results The expression of MAP2 was markedly increased in RA-induced P19 cells.The map2 mRNA increased 34-fold after 4 days of RA treatment and 730-fold 2 days after the treatment,compared with the cells without RA treatment(control).p53 was recruited to the promoter of map2 gene in acetylated form and thereby enhanced its promoter activity.p300/CBP associated factor(PCAF) was found induced in RA-treated cells and enriched in the nucleus,which might contribute to the acetylation of p53 in the regulation of map2 gene.Conclusions Acetylated p53 may participate in regulating the expression of map2 in RA-induced differentiation of P19 cells.PCAF is possibly involved in this process by mediating the acetylation of p53.

Design and choice of TFO binding and cleaving HBV core promoter

Objective: To screen a triple helix-forming oligodeoxyribonucleotide (TFO) that can bind HBV core promoter at target site with high affinity and specificity, and to observe the ability of manganese porphyrin modified TFO to combine and cleave HBV DNA. Methods: Similar homopurine domain (1 734 - 1 754) in HBV core promoter was selected as target sequence. Several corresponding TFOs were synthesized. The affinities and specificities of TFOs binding target sequence were tested with electrophoretic mobility shift and DNase I footprinting assays. The selected best TFO was modified with manganese porphyrin and acridine. The ability of the TFO derivative to cleave HBV DNA was observed with cleavage experiment. Results: Under the condition of 371 and pH 7. 4, the TFO consisting of cytidylate and thymidylate (CT-TFO) and the parallel TFO consisting of guanylate and thymidylate (GT-TFOp) bound the target sequence weakly with Kd values much more than 10 -6 mol/L. The affinities of anti-parallel GT-TFO ( GT-TFOap) and short TFO consisting of adenine nucleotide and guanylate (AG-TFOsh) binding the target sequence were higher than those of the formers, with Kd values of 5 μ 10-7 mol/L and 2. 5 μ 10-8 mol/L respectively. Long AG-TFO (AG-TF01) had the highest binding affinity with a Kd value of 3 μ 10 -9 mol/L among all the TFOs studied for sequence specificity. In the presence of potassium monopersulfate, KHSO5, TFO modified with manganese porphyrin and acridine cleaved the target sequence where the triplex DNA formed. Conclusion: TFO containing AG or GT binds homopurine in HBV core promoter in adverse parallel direction to form triple helix. AG-TFO1 has the highest binding affinity among all the TFOs studied. After modified with manganese porphyrin, AG-TFO1 completely binds and cleaves the target HBV DNA sequence where triplex DNA is formed.

TLR4 -2242 T→C variant increases transcriptional activity of its promoter

Objective:To investigate the effects of -2242,-1892 and -1837 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) on toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) promoter activity.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and site direct mutation technology were used to construct TLR4 basic promoter and -2242C,-1892A and -1837G mutate promoter plasmids.Dual-Luciferase Reporter assay system was used to detect the activity of constructed promoter following human embryonic kidney(HEK) 293 cells were transiently cotransfected with the constructed plasmids and the control plasmid pRL-CMV.Results:In HEK293 cells,the activity of -2242C mutate promoter was higher than -2242T promoter,and there was no significant difference when both -1892A and -1837G mutate promoter compared with -1892G and -1837A promoter,respectively.Conclusion:It is implied that -2242T→C base variation can enhance the activity of TLR4 promoter,while -1892 and -1837 SNPs have no effect on TLR4 promoter activity.

Studies on the cloning genomec5 of BBTV in Guangzhou areas and its expression in transgenic banana

The DNA was isolated from banana bunchy top virus （BBTV） in Guangzhou areas and a l.lkb DNA of replicas of BBTV was obtained by PCR using this virus DNA as templates for amplification. This reformed DNA of the BBTV replicas which being homologous to 90% with the Australia＇s encoded the C-Terminal of BBTV replicas. The reformed BBTV replicas were cloned to pBI121 in the position between CaMV 35S promoter and NOS termination sequence, and a plant-expressed carder was established. Four transgenic bananas with the expression of BBTV replicase gene in To generation were detected with PCR and Western blot analysis. The ability of these transgenic bananas against bunchy top virus is being analyzed.

Development and optimization of an intergeneric conjugation system and analysis of promoter activity in Streptomyces rimosus M527

An efficient genetic transformation system and suitable promoters are essential prerequisites for gene expression studies and genetic engineering in streptomycetes.In this study,firstly,a genetic transformation system based on intergeneric conjugation was developed in Streptomyces rimosus M527,a bacterial strain which exhibits strong antagonistic activity against a broad range of plant-pathogenic fungi.Some experimental parameters involved in this procedure were optimized,including the conjugative media,ratio of donor to recipient,heat shock temperature,and incubation time of mixed culture.Under the optimal conditions,a maximal conjugation frequency of 3.05^10-5 per recipie nt was obtai ned.Subseque ntly,based on the above developed and optimized tran sformati on system,the synthetic promoters SPL-21 and SPL-57,a native promoter potrB,and a constitutive promoter permE commonly used for gene expression in streptomycetes were selected and their activity was analyzed using gusA as a reporter gene in S.rimosus M527.Among the four tested promoters,SPL-21 exhibited the strongest expression activity and gave rise to a 2.2-fold increase in p-glucuronidase(GUS)activity compared with the control promoter permE.Promoter SPL-57 showed activity comparable to that of permE.Promoter potrB,which showed the lowest activity,showed a 50%decrease in GUS activity compared with the control permE.The transformation system developed in this study and the tested promotors provide a basis for the further modification of S.rimosus M527.