农村剩余劳动力转移模式选择:就地转移模式

我国农村剩余劳动力转移的模式主要有就地转移模式、异地转移模式,两种模式在我国农村剩余劳动力转移过程中交替出现。不同农村剩余劳动力的转移模式带来了相应的经济发展和农民收入的提高,但是仍存在一些弊端。此外,就目前我国经济社会的发展趋势而言,农村剩余劳动力的转移应逐渐以就地转移模式为主。

基于混合自动机的综合能源系统状态转移空间建模

目前对于综合能源系统的建模,更多从系统输入-输出关系、内部状态与输入输出的关系进行描述,其内部状态在不同阶段的转移过程难以清晰表达。在分布式可再生能源占比大幅度提升后,综合能源系统在不同阶段的运行状态及状态转移过程需要可观可控。为此,提出了基于混合自动机的综合能源系统分阶段状态转移空间建模方法,对综合能源系统内部状态的分阶段转移条件及其转移过程进行精准描述,有利于对综合能源系统内部所有能源生产单元和能源消费单元从启动、运行到停止的全过程进行分阶段管理与优化控制。仿真算例表明,所提模型对综合能源系统分阶段的状态转移轨迹实现了全过程观测,有利于实现全过程分阶段的高效管理与优化控制。

毫米波异型腔体模芯镀层转移加工技术

介绍了模芯镀层转移加工技术,根据毫米波传输特点,把毫米波异型腔体转换成毫米波异型模芯加工,在模芯上镀一层非磁性良导体,其厚度大于电流趋肤深度(δ),然后在镀层外面浇注一定厚度其他材料,最后去掉模芯。此方法有效解决了毫米波微波器件异型腔体的加工难题。

PLC在纸浆模塑成型机中的应用

本文阐述了对纸浆模塑成型机的改造 。

发电联合转移分布因子及快速静态安全校核算法

发电转移分布因子(GSDF)和广义发电分布因子(GGDF)都是常用的灵敏度分析及安全评估工具。文中指出了GSDF和GGDF的缺陷,尤其对GGDF的普遍适用性提出质疑。提出了发电联合转移分布因子(GJSDF)和负荷模增发电联合转移分布因子(GJSDF-LIP)的概念,并导出若干有用的性质。针对电力市场环境下购电交易计划新模型和流畅调度算法的特点,将GJSDF和GJSDF-LJP成功地应用于静态安全校核算法中,极大地提高了求解速度。算例表明,该算法效率很高,并且易于编程实现。

四价动词及其构成的基干句模

动词配价是动词的语义组合潜力在句法平面上的投影。空间 (位置 )转移”和“所有权转让”类的某些动词是现代汉语中的四价动词。这些四价动词及其配元成分的有序排列构成了富有特色的不同的基干句模。

具有数/模转换功能的DC-DC转换器

MAX686是一种具有数/模控制功能的新颖DC -DC转换器 ,它具有转换精度高、体积小、集成度高、功耗小、效率高等特点。因此 ,在数控电源和单片机应用电路中获得广泛应用。

STM／ATM业务链路资源共享策略及其性能分析

在ＳＤＨ向ＡＴＭ过渡的一个长时期内，要求ＳＤＨ能同时处理ＳＴＭ和ＡＴＭ业务。这些业务将共享ＳＤＨ链路资源。本文提出了固定边界和移动边界容量分配两种共享资源策略，对各自的性能作了理论分析，并介绍了计算机模拟结果。计算机模拟证实了分析的正确性。

论技术创新市场的扩散机制

本文认为技术创新是处于不断循环递进的市场扩散过程,并对技术创新的市场扩散机制的分类进行探讨,进而提出高技术市场扩散趋向动力机制及转移模式。

Facile template-induced synthesis of Ag-modified TiO_2 hollow octahedra with high photocatalytic activity

Noble metal/titania hollow nanomaterials usually exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity because of their high specific surface area,low density,good surface permeability,strong light-harvesting capacity,and rapid interfacial charge transfer. However,the present preparation methods usually include complicated and multistep procedures,which can cause damage to the hollow nanostructures. In this paper,a facile template-induced synthesis,based on a template-directed deposition and in situ template-sacrificial dissolution,was employed to prepare Ag-modified TiO 2（Ag/TiO 2） hollow octahedra using Ag2 O octahedra as templates and TiF 4 as the precursor. In the synthetic strategy,the shells of TiO 2 hollow octahedra were formed by coating TiO 2 nanoparticles on the surface of Ag2 O templates based on the template-directed deposition. Simultaneously,the Ag2 O templates can be in situ removed by dissolving the Ag2 O octahedral template in HF solution produced via the hydrolysis reaction of TiF 4 in the reaction system. In addition,Ag nanoparticles were deposited on the inside and outside surfaces of TiO 2 shells by effectively using the photosensitive properties of Ag2 O and Ag＋ ions under light irradiation,along with the formation of TiO 2 hollow octahedra. The Ag/TiO 2 hollow octahedra exhibited high photocatalytic activity because of their（1） short diffusion distances between photogenerated electrons and holes because of the thin shells of Ag/TiO 2 hollow octahedral,（2） deposition of Ag nanoparticles on the inside and outside surfaces of TiO 2 shells,and（3） rapid interfacial charge transfer between TiO 2 shells and Ag nanoparticles. This work may also provide new insights into preparing other Ag-modified and hollow nanostructured photocatalysts.

Related Study on the Nm23-H1 Gene Expression in the Model of Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines with High Frequent Metastasis

Objective: To select the ovarian carcinoma cell lines with high frequent metastasis and study the association between nm23-H1 gene expression and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma. Methods: Each ovarian cancer cell line was transplanted subcutaneously into the flank of nude mice, and the metastatic behavior was evaluated by counting lung tumor foci at different time points. The metastatic tumors were cultured in vitro, then substrain was established and transplanted subcutaneously three times. The RNA level of nm23 in 8 human ovarian cancer cell lines were examined by northern-blot. Results: Of the 8 human ovarian cancer cell lines, 4 had high requent metastatic potentiality. The expression of nm23 RNA in human ovarian cancer cells was inversely related to metastatic behavior in the experimental animals (r=0.96, P=0.0001). Conclusion: The difference of the tendency of metastasis which was determined by genetic and molecular levels was significant among different type of cell lines and subtypes. The expression of nm23 mRNA in human ovarian carcinomas was correlated closely with the reduced metastatic behavior in experimental animals and may serve as a sensitive prognostic indicator for ovarian cancer.

Synthesis,characterization and catalytic reactivity of pentacoordinate iron dicarbonyl as a model of the [Fe]-hydrogenase active site

Two mono iron complexes Fe（CO）2PR3（NN） （R = Cy （3）, Ph （4）, NN = o-phenylenediamine dianion ligand, N2H2Ph2-） derived from the ligand substitution of Fe（CO）3hPR3 by the NN ligand were isolated and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. They have a similar first coordination sphere and oxidation state of the iron center as the [Fe]-hydrogenase active site, and can be a model of it IR demonstrated that the effect of the NN ligand on the coordinated CO stretch- ing frequencies was due to its excellent electron donating ability. The reversible protonation/deprotonation of the NN ligand was identified by infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory computation. The NN ligand is an effective proton acceptor as the internal base of the cysteine thiolate ligand in [Fe]-hydrogenase. The electrochemical properties of complexes 3, 4 were investigated by cyclic voltammograms. Complex 3 catalyzed the transfer hydrogenation of benzoquinone to hydroquinone effectively under mild conditions.

Insights into SO_2 and H_2O co-adsorption on Cu(100) surface with calculations of density functional theory

The co-adsorption behaviors of SO2 and H2 O on face-centered cubic Cu（100） ideal surface were studied using the GGA-r PBE method of density functional theory（DFT） with slab models. The optimized structures of single H2 O and SO2 on Cu（100） surface were calculated at the coverage of 0.25 ML（molecular layer） and 0.5 ML. The results show that there was no obvious chemical adsorption of them on Cu（100） surface. The adsorbed structures, adsorption energy and electronic properties including difference charge density, valence charge density, Bader charge analysis and partial density of states（PDOS） of co-adsorbed structures of H2 O and SO2 were investigated to illustrate the interaction between adsorbates and surface. H2 O and SO2 can adsorb on surface of Cu atoms chemically via molecule form at the coverage of 0.25 ML, while H2 O dissociated into OH adsorbed on surface and H bonded with SO2 which keeps away from surface at the coverage of 0.5 ML.

High miR-196a levels promote the oncogenic phenotype of colorectal cancer cells

AIM： To analyze the relevance of the microRNA miR-196a for colorectal oncogenesis.METHODS： The impact of miR-196a on the restriction targets HoxA7, HoxBS, HoxC8 and HoxD8 was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） after transient transfection of SW480 cancer cells. The miR-196a transcription profile in colorectalcancer samples, mucosa samples and diverse cancercell lines was quantified by RT-PCR. Transiently miR-196a-transfected colorectal cancer cells were used for diverse functional assays in vitro and for a xenograft lung metastasis model in vivo.RESULTS： HoxA7, HoxB8, HoxC8 and HoxD8 wererestricted by miR-196a in a dose-dependent andgene-specific manner. High levels of miR-196aactivated the AKT signaling pathway as indicated byincreased phosphorylation of AKT. In addition, highlevels of miR-196a promoted cancer cell detachment,migration, invasion and chemosensitivity towardsplatin derivatives but did not impact on proliferationor apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-196a increased thedevelopment of lung metastases in mice after tail veininjection.

Evaluation of Spectral Scale Effects in Estimation of Vegetation Leaf Area Index Using Spectral Indices Methods

Spectral index methodology has been widely used in Leaf Area Index(LAI) retrieval at different spatial scales. There are differences in the spectral response of different remote sensors and thus spectral scale effect generated during the use of spectral indices to retrieve LAI. In this study, PROSPECT, leaf optical properties model and Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Layers(SAIL) model, were used to simulate canopy spectral reflectance with a bandwidth of 5 nm and a Gaussian spectral response function was employed to simulate the spectral data at six bandwidths ranging from 10 to 35 nm. Additionally, for bandwidths from 5 to 35 nm, the correlation between the spectral index and LAI, and the sensitivities of the spectral index to changes in LAI and bandwidth were analyzed. Finally, the reflectance data at six bandwidths ranging from 40 to 65 nm were used to verify the spectral scale effect generated during the use of the spectral index to retrieve LAI. Results indicate that Vegetation Index of the Universal Pattern Decomposition(VIUPD) had the highest accuracy during LAI retrieval. Followed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), Modified Simple Ratio Indices(MSRI) and Triangle Vegetation Index(TVI), although the coefficient of determination R^2 was higher than 0.96, the retrieved LAI values were less than the actual value and thus lacked validity. Other spectral indices were significantly affected by the spectral scale effect with poor retrieval results. In this study, VIUPD, which exhibited a relatively good correlation and sensitivity to LAI, was less affected by the spectral scale effect and had a relatively good retrieval capability. This conclusion supports a purported feature independent of the sensor of this model and also confirms the great potential of VIUPD for retrieval of physicochemical parameters of vegetation using multi-source remote sensing data.

Heat Transfer in Nucleate Pool Boiling of Binary and Ternary Refrigerant Mixtures

Heat transfer coefficients in nucleate pool boiling were measured on a horizontal copper surface for refrigerants, HFC-134a, HFC-32, and HFC-125, their binary and ternary mixtures under saturated conditions at 0.9MPa. Compared to pure components, both binary and ternary mixtures showed lower heat transfer coefficients.This deterioration was more pronounced as heat flux was increased. Experimental data were compared with some empirical and semi-empirical correlations available in literature. For binary mixture, the accuracy of the correlations varied considerably with mixtures and the heat flux. Experimental data for HFC-32/134a/125 were also compared with available correlated equation obtained by Thome. For ternary mixture, the boiling range of binary mixture composed by the pure fluids with the lowest and the medium boiling points, and their concentration difference had important effects on boiling heat transfer coefficients.

Emotional State Transition Model Based on Stimulus and Personality Characteristics

In order to use mathematical methods to study how cognitive reappraisal strategies affect the output state of emotions,Gross's cognitive reappraisal strategy is transformed into a quantitative parameter which is proposed to describe the general perception of emotional events on the basis of the emotion regulation.According to Gross's emotional regulation model,the Finite State Machine(FSM) model is used for describing the process of emotional state transition and the Likert 5 grading scale is introduced to study the level of an individual's reappraisal according to the participant's self-evaluation.The experimental results verify that the algorithm can effectively describe the relationship between the reappraisal strategy,emotional events and an emotiongenerative process.There are multiple dimensions of a human's emotional state.Thus,in the field of human-computer interaction,further research requires the development of a specific algorithm which can be implemented by a computer for the emotion regulation process.

Local Liquid Side Mass Transfer Model in Gas-Liquid-Solid Three-Phase Flow Airlift Loop Reactor for Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

A small scale isotropic mass transfer model was developed for the local liquid side mass transfer coefficients in gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow airlift loop reactor for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. It is based onHigbie's penetration theory and Kolmogoroff's theory of isotropic turbulence withwhere ε1 is local rate of energy dissipation, Af is the local microscale, η1 is the local Kolmogoroff scale and D is the diffusion coefficient. The capability of the proposed model is discussed in the light of experimental data obtained from 12 L gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow airlift loop reactor using Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Good agreement with the experimental data was obtained over a wide range of conditions suggesting a general applicability of the proposed model.

A Mass Transfer Model Based on Individual Bubbles and an Unsteady State Film Mechanism

A gas-liquid mass transfer model based on an unsteady state film mechanism applied to a single bubble is presented. The mathematical model was solved using Laplace transform to obtain an analytical solution of concentration profile in terms of the radial position r and time t. The dynamic mass transfer flux was deduced and the influence of the bubble size was also determined. A mathematical method for deducing the average mass transfer flux directly from the Laplace transformed concentration is presented. Its accuracy is verified by comparing the numerical results with those from the indirect method. The influences of the model parameters, namely, the bubble size R, liquid film thickness δ, and the surface renewal constant s on the average mass transfer flux were investigated. The proposed model is useful for a better understanding of the mass transfer mechanism and an optimum design of gas-liquid contact equipment.

Regional earth system modeling：review and future directions

The authors review recent advances in the development of coupled Regional Earth System Models （RESMs）,a field that is still in its early stages.To date,coupled regional atmosphere-ocean-sea ice,atmosphere-aerosol and atmosphere-biosphere models have been developed,but they have been applied onlyto limited regional settings.Much more work is thus needed to assess their transferability to a wide range of settings.Future challenges in regional climate modeling are identified,including the development of fully coupled RESMs encompassing not only atmosphere,ocean,cryosphere,biosphere,chemosphere,but also the human component in a fully interactive way.