Objective: To study the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric carcinoma, evaluate the possibility of COX-2 forecasting the risk of malignant pot...Objective: To study the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric carcinoma, evaluate the possibility of COX-2 forecasting the risk of malignant potential of IM, and the relationship between COX-2 expression and gastric carcinogenesis. Methods: Forty cases of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with IM, 40 cases of gastric carcinoma and corresponding paracancerous tissues were selected to construct a tissue microarray. High iron diamine/alcian blue (HID/AB) staining and Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining was used to classify IM and gastric carcinoma, and the expression of COX-2 protein detected in different subtypes of IM and gastric cancer by using immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive expression rate of COX-2 was 45.65%, 59.38% and 77.27% in IM foci in CAG, IM foci in paracancerous tissues, and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, respectively, significantly higher than in diffuse-type gastric cancer (16.67%)(P<0.05, 0.005 and 0.005, respectively), and the expression intensity of COX-2 protein showed a increased tendency gradually in the sequence of IM foci in CAG→IM foci in paracancerous tissues→intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (P<0.005). The positive expression rate of COX-2 protein in type Ⅲ IM was significantly higher than in type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ IM (P<0.005 and 0.05, respectively), and the expression intensity also showed a increased tendency gradually from type Ⅰ to type Ⅲ IM (P<0.005). Conclusion: The expression level of COX-2 was increased gradually along with the increase of the risk of malignancy of IM, and its expression level may be a useful index to forecast the risk of malignant potential of IM. COX-2 expression was associated with intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, but it might also have some role in the carcinogenesis of diffuse-type gastric carcinoma.展开更多
Objective: To study CT features of cavitary pulmonary metastases and to investigate the pos- sible relationship between CT features and the pathology of the primary lesions. Methods: CT ?ndings o...Objective: To study CT features of cavitary pulmonary metastases and to investigate the pos- sible relationship between CT features and the pathology of the primary lesions. Methods: CT ?ndings of 131 cavitary metastatic nodules in 40 patients with pathologically-proved pulmonary metastases were retrospectively analyzed. A comparison between CT signs and the pathologic types of the primary tumors was made. Results: Cavitary metastases and multiple solid nodules coexisted in all patients. Cavitary metastases presented as bubble (n=41), irregular (n=33), cystic (n=26) or small circular (n=31) cavities, with even (n=61) or uneven (n=70) thickness of the cavity wall. Of 131 cavitary nodules, diameter less than 15 mm was seen in 44, between 15–25 mm in 66, 25–40 mm in 17 and larger than 40 mm in 4 respectively. And the wall thickness of the cavity below 4 mm, between 4–15 mm and over 15 mm was respectively seen in 69, 44 and 18 metastatic nodules. Cavitary pulmonary metastases mainly occurred in patients whose primary malignancy was squamous cell carcinoma (n=13) or adenocarcinoma (n=22). Both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma had its own CT characteristics. The occurrence of cavity bore no relationship to its site in the lung. Conclusion: Cavitary pulmonary metastases carries certain CT features and its occurrence is related to the pathologic type of the primary malignancy.展开更多
Affymetrix U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were used to study the differences of gene expressions between high （H） metastatic ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910PM, and normal ovarian tissues （C）. Bioinformatics w...Affymetrix U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were used to study the differences of gene expressions between high （H） metastatic ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910PM, and normal ovarian tissues （C）. Bioinformatics was used to identify their chromosomal localizations. A total of 1,237 genes were found to have a difference in expression levels more than eight times. Among them 597 were upregulated [Signal Log Ratio （SLR） ≥3], and 640 genes were downregulated （SLR≤-3）. Except one gene, whose location was unknown, all these genes were randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. However, chromosome 1 contained the most differentially expressed genes （115 genes, 9.3%）, followed by chromosome 2 （94 genes, 7.6%）, chromosome 12 （88 genes, 7.1%）, chromosome 11 （76 genes, 6.1%）, chromosomes X （71 genes, 5.7%）, and chromosomes l7 （69 genes, 5.6%）. These genes were localized on short-arm of chromosome （q）, which had 805 （65.1%） genes, and the short arms of No.13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 chromosomes were the only parts of the chromosomes where the differentially expressed genes were localized. Functional classification showed that most of the genes （306 genes, 24.7%） belonged to the enzymes and their regulator groups. The subsequent group was the nucleic acid binding genes （144 genes, 11.6%）. The rest of the top two groups were signal transduction genes （137 genes, 11.1%） and proteins binding genes （116 genes, 9.4%）. These comprised 56.8% of all the differentially expressed genes. There were also 207 genes whose functions were unknown （16.7 %）. Therefore it was concluded that differentially expressed genes in high metastatic ovarian cancer cell were supposed to be randomly distributed across the genome, but the majority were found on chromosomes 1, 2, 12, 11, 17, and X. Abnormality in four groups of genes, including in enzyme and its regulator, nucleic acid binding, signal transduction and protein binding associated genes, might play important roles in ovarian cancer metastasis. Those genes need to be further studied.展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between the expression of p27Kip1 and p53, and the infiltration, metastasis and prognosis in gastric carcinoma. Methods: The expression of p27Kip1 and p53 at protein level was dete...Objective: To study the relationship between the expression of p27Kip1 and p53, and the infiltration, metastasis and prognosis in gastric carcinoma. Methods: The expression of p27Kip1 and p53 at protein level was determined by immunohistochemical assay (two-step method) in 100 cases of gastric carcinoma. Results: Of the 100 cases, the positive rate of p27Kip1 and p53 expressions were 44% and 49%, respectively. In the group of gastric carcinomas with deep infiltration (infiltration group), lymph nodes metastasis group (metastasis group) and death-within-5-years group (death group), the expression of p27Kip1 was statistically lower (_P<0.05). In the metastasis group and death group, the expression of p53 was significantly higher (P<0.05). The results of the monovariate analysis revealed that the 5-year survival rate of the high p27Kip1 expression group was 70.59%, which is higher than those of the low p27Kip1 expression group (54.55%) and the negative experession group (26%). The 5-year survival rate of the high p53 expression group was 19.23%, which was lower than those of the p53 low expression group (43.75%) and the negative group (53.19%). Cox multivariate analysis showed that p27Kip1, like p53, was an independent prognostic index. But p27Klpl protein expression was a stronger independent survival predictor (RR=3.06) than p53 expression (RR=2.33). Conclusion: The low expression of p27Kip1 and the high expression of p53 reflected the more frequent invasion and metastasis, which resulted in the reduced survival of patients. As an independent markers of the gastric carcinoma, the expression of p27Kip1 is more useful than that of p53 in the prognosis prediction of gastric carcinoma.展开更多
Objective: To explore the di?erence of CT images of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer and lung glandular cancer. Methods: Forty-?ve cases of lung squamous cell cancer an...Objective: To explore the di?erence of CT images of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer and lung glandular cancer. Methods: Forty-?ve cases of lung squamous cell cancer and 59 cases of lung glandular cancer have gone through pathological con?rmation and all the 104 cases have been put under enhanced scanning on the basis of ?at scanning. The shape and density of the metastatic tumors, encephaledema around the tumors, and the reinforcement change after the enhancement were analyzed. Results: The CT scanning images of all the cases showed that, under ?at scanning, the density of the metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer was over the slightly-high level and by no means even. Again, under ?at scanning, some 10 cases of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung glandular cancer showed a slightly-high density and some 49 other cases a low density and sack-like low density. Forty-?ve cases of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer were with hydroncus while some 30 cases of that of lung glandular cancer were in the same condition. Most of the two types of metastatic tumors, amounting to 97 cases, took place in supratentorial manner, and only 7 cases took place in subtentorial manner. Conclusion: The CT images of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer and lung glandular cancer are obviously di?erent from each other. As for the lung squamous cell cancer, the ?at scanning density of the tumor is over the slightly-high level with unevenness. There is relatively obvious reinforcement and obvious hydroncus. As for the lung glandular cancer, the metastatic tumor to the brain shows a low density and sack-like low density under ?at scanning. There is no obvious reinforcement and relatively slight hydroncus.展开更多
Objective: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis. Methods: The expression of VEGF-C mRNA in 5 gastric carcinoma c...Objective: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis. Methods: The expression of VEGF-C mRNA in 5 gastric carcinoma cell lines was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Simultaneously, the expression of VEGF-C protein in gastric carcinoma tissues, which were obtained from 63 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy, was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: Three of the 5 gastric carcinoma cell lines, MKN-45, SGC-7901 and AGS, expressed VEGF-C mRNA. VEGF-C protein was expressed in 52.4% (33/63) of patients. VEGF-C protein expression was more frequently found in tumors with lymph node metastasis than in those without (P<0.01). VEGF-C protein expression was also closely related to lymphatic invasion (P<0.01) and TNM stage (P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between VEGF-C expression and the age, gender, tumor size, tumor location, Lauren classification, depth of invasion, and vascular invasion. Conclusion: The expression of VEGF-C is closely related to lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and lymphangiogenesis might be a new target for treatment of gastric carcinoma.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the Key Clinical Project of the Chinese Ministry of Health (No. 20012130)
文摘Objective: To study the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric carcinoma, evaluate the possibility of COX-2 forecasting the risk of malignant potential of IM, and the relationship between COX-2 expression and gastric carcinogenesis. Methods: Forty cases of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with IM, 40 cases of gastric carcinoma and corresponding paracancerous tissues were selected to construct a tissue microarray. High iron diamine/alcian blue (HID/AB) staining and Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining was used to classify IM and gastric carcinoma, and the expression of COX-2 protein detected in different subtypes of IM and gastric cancer by using immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive expression rate of COX-2 was 45.65%, 59.38% and 77.27% in IM foci in CAG, IM foci in paracancerous tissues, and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, respectively, significantly higher than in diffuse-type gastric cancer (16.67%)(P<0.05, 0.005 and 0.005, respectively), and the expression intensity of COX-2 protein showed a increased tendency gradually in the sequence of IM foci in CAG→IM foci in paracancerous tissues→intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (P<0.005). The positive expression rate of COX-2 protein in type Ⅲ IM was significantly higher than in type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ IM (P<0.005 and 0.05, respectively), and the expression intensity also showed a increased tendency gradually from type Ⅰ to type Ⅲ IM (P<0.005). Conclusion: The expression level of COX-2 was increased gradually along with the increase of the risk of malignancy of IM, and its expression level may be a useful index to forecast the risk of malignant potential of IM. COX-2 expression was associated with intestinal-type gastric carcinoma, but it might also have some role in the carcinogenesis of diffuse-type gastric carcinoma.
文摘Objective: To study CT features of cavitary pulmonary metastases and to investigate the pos- sible relationship between CT features and the pathology of the primary lesions. Methods: CT ?ndings of 131 cavitary metastatic nodules in 40 patients with pathologically-proved pulmonary metastases were retrospectively analyzed. A comparison between CT signs and the pathologic types of the primary tumors was made. Results: Cavitary metastases and multiple solid nodules coexisted in all patients. Cavitary metastases presented as bubble (n=41), irregular (n=33), cystic (n=26) or small circular (n=31) cavities, with even (n=61) or uneven (n=70) thickness of the cavity wall. Of 131 cavitary nodules, diameter less than 15 mm was seen in 44, between 15–25 mm in 66, 25–40 mm in 17 and larger than 40 mm in 4 respectively. And the wall thickness of the cavity below 4 mm, between 4–15 mm and over 15 mm was respectively seen in 69, 44 and 18 metastatic nodules. Cavitary pulmonary metastases mainly occurred in patients whose primary malignancy was squamous cell carcinoma (n=13) or adenocarcinoma (n=22). Both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma had its own CT characteristics. The occurrence of cavity bore no relationship to its site in the lung. Conclusion: Cavitary pulmonary metastases carries certain CT features and its occurrence is related to the pathologic type of the primary malignancy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30471819).
文摘Affymetrix U133A oligonucleotide microarrays were used to study the differences of gene expressions between high （H） metastatic ovarian cancer cell line, HO-8910PM, and normal ovarian tissues （C）. Bioinformatics was used to identify their chromosomal localizations. A total of 1,237 genes were found to have a difference in expression levels more than eight times. Among them 597 were upregulated [Signal Log Ratio （SLR） ≥3], and 640 genes were downregulated （SLR≤-3）. Except one gene, whose location was unknown, all these genes were randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. However, chromosome 1 contained the most differentially expressed genes （115 genes, 9.3%）, followed by chromosome 2 （94 genes, 7.6%）, chromosome 12 （88 genes, 7.1%）, chromosome 11 （76 genes, 6.1%）, chromosomes X （71 genes, 5.7%）, and chromosomes l7 （69 genes, 5.6%）. These genes were localized on short-arm of chromosome （q）, which had 805 （65.1%） genes, and the short arms of No.13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 chromosomes were the only parts of the chromosomes where the differentially expressed genes were localized. Functional classification showed that most of the genes （306 genes, 24.7%） belonged to the enzymes and their regulator groups. The subsequent group was the nucleic acid binding genes （144 genes, 11.6%）. The rest of the top two groups were signal transduction genes （137 genes, 11.1%） and proteins binding genes （116 genes, 9.4%）. These comprised 56.8% of all the differentially expressed genes. There were also 207 genes whose functions were unknown （16.7 %）. Therefore it was concluded that differentially expressed genes in high metastatic ovarian cancer cell were supposed to be randomly distributed across the genome, but the majority were found on chromosomes 1, 2, 12, 11, 17, and X. Abnormality in four groups of genes, including in enzyme and its regulator, nucleic acid binding, signal transduction and protein binding associated genes, might play important roles in ovarian cancer metastasis. Those genes need to be further studied.
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between the expression of p27Kip1 and p53, and the infiltration, metastasis and prognosis in gastric carcinoma. Methods: The expression of p27Kip1 and p53 at protein level was determined by immunohistochemical assay (two-step method) in 100 cases of gastric carcinoma. Results: Of the 100 cases, the positive rate of p27Kip1 and p53 expressions were 44% and 49%, respectively. In the group of gastric carcinomas with deep infiltration (infiltration group), lymph nodes metastasis group (metastasis group) and death-within-5-years group (death group), the expression of p27Kip1 was statistically lower (_P<0.05). In the metastasis group and death group, the expression of p53 was significantly higher (P<0.05). The results of the monovariate analysis revealed that the 5-year survival rate of the high p27Kip1 expression group was 70.59%, which is higher than those of the low p27Kip1 expression group (54.55%) and the negative experession group (26%). The 5-year survival rate of the high p53 expression group was 19.23%, which was lower than those of the p53 low expression group (43.75%) and the negative group (53.19%). Cox multivariate analysis showed that p27Kip1, like p53, was an independent prognostic index. But p27Klpl protein expression was a stronger independent survival predictor (RR=3.06) than p53 expression (RR=2.33). Conclusion: The low expression of p27Kip1 and the high expression of p53 reflected the more frequent invasion and metastasis, which resulted in the reduced survival of patients. As an independent markers of the gastric carcinoma, the expression of p27Kip1 is more useful than that of p53 in the prognosis prediction of gastric carcinoma.
文摘Objective: To explore the di?erence of CT images of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer and lung glandular cancer. Methods: Forty-?ve cases of lung squamous cell cancer and 59 cases of lung glandular cancer have gone through pathological con?rmation and all the 104 cases have been put under enhanced scanning on the basis of ?at scanning. The shape and density of the metastatic tumors, encephaledema around the tumors, and the reinforcement change after the enhancement were analyzed. Results: The CT scanning images of all the cases showed that, under ?at scanning, the density of the metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer was over the slightly-high level and by no means even. Again, under ?at scanning, some 10 cases of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung glandular cancer showed a slightly-high density and some 49 other cases a low density and sack-like low density. Forty-?ve cases of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer were with hydroncus while some 30 cases of that of lung glandular cancer were in the same condition. Most of the two types of metastatic tumors, amounting to 97 cases, took place in supratentorial manner, and only 7 cases took place in subtentorial manner. Conclusion: The CT images of metastatic tumors to the brain of lung squamous cell cancer and lung glandular cancer are obviously di?erent from each other. As for the lung squamous cell cancer, the ?at scanning density of the tumor is over the slightly-high level with unevenness. There is relatively obvious reinforcement and obvious hydroncus. As for the lung glandular cancer, the metastatic tumor to the brain shows a low density and sack-like low density under ?at scanning. There is no obvious reinforcement and relatively slight hydroncus.
文摘Objective: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis. Methods: The expression of VEGF-C mRNA in 5 gastric carcinoma cell lines was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Simultaneously, the expression of VEGF-C protein in gastric carcinoma tissues, which were obtained from 63 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy, was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: Three of the 5 gastric carcinoma cell lines, MKN-45, SGC-7901 and AGS, expressed VEGF-C mRNA. VEGF-C protein was expressed in 52.4% (33/63) of patients. VEGF-C protein expression was more frequently found in tumors with lymph node metastasis than in those without (P<0.01). VEGF-C protein expression was also closely related to lymphatic invasion (P<0.01) and TNM stage (P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between VEGF-C expression and the age, gender, tumor size, tumor location, Lauren classification, depth of invasion, and vascular invasion. Conclusion: The expression of VEGF-C is closely related to lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and lymphangiogenesis might be a new target for treatment of gastric carcinoma.
