Objective: To analyze the result of 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in suspicious primary breast cancer patients and to evaluate its value for the surgery therapy. Methods: Total ...Objective: To analyze the result of 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in suspicious primary breast cancer patients and to evaluate its value for the surgery therapy. Methods: Total 36 patients suspected of breast neoplasm were enrolled into the research. The result was compared with the pathology result. The rate of missed diagnosis, the rate of mi.sdiagnosis. the sensitivity and specificity were calculated and analyzed. Results:Compared with the pathology results, the misdiagnosis rate. the rate of missed diagnosis. the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET for breast cancer were 0% , 36. 36%. 63. 63% and 100%, respectively. To those who had a neoplasm no more than 2 cm in diameter, the rate of missed diagnosis was as high as 41. 67%. To 33 breast cancer patients, the misdiagnosis rate, the rate of missed diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity for lymph node metastasis were 18. 75%, 41. 18%, 58. 82% and 81. 25%, respectively. Conclusion:FDG-PET has a perfect specificity and a considerable sensitivity to the primary breast neoplasm and similar to the lymph node metastasis diagnosis. It is an ideal choice for those patients with suspected breast cancer but reluctantly to receive a vulnerarious examination.展开更多
Intensity of competition, especially global competition, has driven many organizations to search for innovative ways to improve productivity and performance. This trend has led many firms to adopt approaches to implem...Intensity of competition, especially global competition, has driven many organizations to search for innovative ways to improve productivity and performance. This trend has led many firms to adopt approaches to implement cloud systems. Cloud systems have distinct characteristics that differentiate it from traditional internet services, due to a number of significant innovation factors. For example, firms need improved access to high-speed intemet as well as access to customer relationship management （CRM） and enterprise resource planning （ERP） capacities. This means that the interest of many firms in the implementation of cloud systems has increased. Although cloud systems are designed to facilitate knowledge transfer, currently, there is no method to ensure that knowledge transfer is useful or relevant to a firm. This in turn means that finns need to ensure that the cloud system has the capabilities to screen knowledge for compliance against some known knowledge characteristics. The use of cloud systems could result in an efficient delivery of innovation knowledge in an effective way. This paper presents an approach for assessment of the successful implementation of cloud systems. This paper also discusses the various success factors of cloud systems for global innovation.展开更多
A fully probabilistic seismic risk assessment was developed in Manizales, Colombia, considering assets of different types. The first type includes elements that are part of the water and sewage network, and the second...A fully probabilistic seismic risk assessment was developed in Manizales, Colombia, considering assets of different types. The first type includes elements that are part of the water and sewage network, and the second type includes public and private buildings. This assessment required the development of a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis that accounts for the dynamic soil response,assembling high resolution exposure databases, and the development of damage models for different types of elements. The economic appraisal of the exposed assets was developed together with specialists of the water utilities company of Manizales and the city administration. The risk assessment was performed using several Comprehensive Approach to Probabilistic Risk Assessment modules as well as the R-System, obtaining results in terms of traditional metrics such as loss exceedance curve, average annual loss, and probable maximum loss. For the case of pipelines, repair rates were also estimated. The results for the water and sewage network were used in activities related to the expansion and maintenance strategies, as well as for the exploration of financial retention and transfer alternatives using insurance schemes based on technical,probabilistic, and prospective damage and loss estimations.In the case of the buildings, the results were used in the update of the technical premium values of the existing collective insurance scheme.展开更多
文摘Objective: To analyze the result of 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in suspicious primary breast cancer patients and to evaluate its value for the surgery therapy. Methods: Total 36 patients suspected of breast neoplasm were enrolled into the research. The result was compared with the pathology result. The rate of missed diagnosis, the rate of mi.sdiagnosis. the sensitivity and specificity were calculated and analyzed. Results:Compared with the pathology results, the misdiagnosis rate. the rate of missed diagnosis. the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET for breast cancer were 0% , 36. 36%. 63. 63% and 100%, respectively. To those who had a neoplasm no more than 2 cm in diameter, the rate of missed diagnosis was as high as 41. 67%. To 33 breast cancer patients, the misdiagnosis rate, the rate of missed diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity for lymph node metastasis were 18. 75%, 41. 18%, 58. 82% and 81. 25%, respectively. Conclusion:FDG-PET has a perfect specificity and a considerable sensitivity to the primary breast neoplasm and similar to the lymph node metastasis diagnosis. It is an ideal choice for those patients with suspected breast cancer but reluctantly to receive a vulnerarious examination.
文摘Intensity of competition, especially global competition, has driven many organizations to search for innovative ways to improve productivity and performance. This trend has led many firms to adopt approaches to implement cloud systems. Cloud systems have distinct characteristics that differentiate it from traditional internet services, due to a number of significant innovation factors. For example, firms need improved access to high-speed intemet as well as access to customer relationship management （CRM） and enterprise resource planning （ERP） capacities. This means that the interest of many firms in the implementation of cloud systems has increased. Although cloud systems are designed to facilitate knowledge transfer, currently, there is no method to ensure that knowledge transfer is useful or relevant to a firm. This in turn means that finns need to ensure that the cloud system has the capabilities to screen knowledge for compliance against some known knowledge characteristics. The use of cloud systems could result in an efficient delivery of innovation knowledge in an effective way. This paper presents an approach for assessment of the successful implementation of cloud systems. This paper also discusses the various success factors of cloud systems for global innovation.
文摘A fully probabilistic seismic risk assessment was developed in Manizales, Colombia, considering assets of different types. The first type includes elements that are part of the water and sewage network, and the second type includes public and private buildings. This assessment required the development of a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis that accounts for the dynamic soil response,assembling high resolution exposure databases, and the development of damage models for different types of elements. The economic appraisal of the exposed assets was developed together with specialists of the water utilities company of Manizales and the city administration. The risk assessment was performed using several Comprehensive Approach to Probabilistic Risk Assessment modules as well as the R-System, obtaining results in terms of traditional metrics such as loss exceedance curve, average annual loss, and probable maximum loss. For the case of pipelines, repair rates were also estimated. The results for the water and sewage network were used in activities related to the expansion and maintenance strategies, as well as for the exploration of financial retention and transfer alternatives using insurance schemes based on technical,probabilistic, and prospective damage and loss estimations.In the case of the buildings, the results were used in the update of the technical premium values of the existing collective insurance scheme.
