自适应局部迭代滤波在齿轮故障识别中的应用

针对齿轮实测信号因受噪声干扰而不能准确反映故障特征的问题,提出将自适应局部迭代滤波应用到齿轮故障识别中,与样本熵、灰色关联度相结合实现齿轮的故障识别。利用自适应局部迭代滤波将齿轮非平稳信号分解为有限个平稳的本质模态函数,通过计算各本质模态函数的样本熵,发现以齿轮系统的转频信号对应的本质模态函数的样本熵为界,前几个本质模态函数的样本熵能表征不同故障类型的特征;计算齿轮系统正常、齿面轻度磨损、齿面中度磨损和断齿4种工况下多个训练样本的样本熵的平均值,将其作为对应工况标准故障模式的参考值;计算待检测样本的样本熵与各状态下训练样本的样本熵平均值之间的灰色关联度,与待识别样本灰色关联度最大的标准故障模式即被认为是待识别样本的故障类型。实例分析结果表明,通过自适应迭代滤波能有效抑制模态混叠现象,发现明显的齿轮转频信号,而采用集合经验模式分解(EEMD)方法进行信号分解后,模态混叠现象比较明显,且在EEMD的分解结果中基本看不出齿轮的转频分量;4种工况的样本熵曲线形状存在明显差异,说明样本熵能有效表征齿轮故障特征的变化;灰色关联度方法能有效地将4种不同的故障类型进行分类识别,分类识别性能优于BP神经网络,对小样本数据具有较好的分类识别能力。

基于VKF-OT和DFA的齿轮时变状态特征提取方法

针对齿轮在时变工况下的振动具有非线性、非平稳的特性,提出Vold-Kalman阶比跟踪(Vold-Kalman filter based order tracking,简称VKF-OT)和去趋势波动分析(detrended fluctuation analysis,简称DFA)相结合的一种特征提取方法。该方法以齿轮转频和啮频作为VKF-OT的提取频率,获取任意时变工况下的两类阶比信号,减弱或消除转速变化所引起的频率调制干扰,通过求解复包络得到两种频率分量的精确幅值和相位以保留齿轮状态的瞬变信息。在此基础上,引入去趋势波动法分别处理原信号、转频和啮频阶比信号,消除负载变化所产生的幅值调制干扰,对比3种信号的双对数波动函数图,选定齿轮振动信号的特征向量。通过对齿轮不同工作状态下的150组振动信号进行实验,结果表明该方法所提取的故障特征可有效地区分任意时变工况下的齿轮早期局部微弱故障。

ESPRIT-Based Feature Extraction of Helicopter Acoustic Signal

Aim To extract harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal as features for hel icopter identification. Methods Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT) was selected to extract harmonic frequencies from really measured helicopter acoustic signal and an algorithm based on the SVD TLS was used. Results ESPRIT correctly extracted harmonic frequencies of helicopter using the data of limited length under the variousflight conditions. Conclusion ESPRIT is an effective method of extracting harmonic frequencies and using harmonic frequencies of helicopter acoustic signal to recognize helicopter is feasible.

Rolling element bearing instantaneous rotational frequency estimation based on EMD soft-thresholding denoising and instantaneous fault characteristic frequency

The accurate estimation of the rolling element bearing instantaneous rotational frequency(IRF) is the key capability of the order tracking method based on time-frequency analysis. The rolling element bearing IRF can be accurately estimated according to the instantaneous fault characteristic frequency(IFCF). However, in an environment with a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), e.g., an incipient fault or function at a low speed, the signal contains strong background noise that seriously affects the effectiveness of the aforementioned method. An algorithm of signal preprocessing based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and wavelet shrinkage was proposed in this work. Compared with EMD denoising by the cross-correlation coefficient and kurtosis(CCK) criterion, the method of EMD soft-thresholding(ST) denoising can ensure the integrity of the signal, improve the SNR, and highlight fault features. The effectiveness of the algorithm for rolling element bearing IRF estimation by EMD ST denoising and the IFCF was validated by both simulated and experimental bearing vibration signals at a low SNR.

Study of seismic spectrum decomposition based on CEEMD

Empirical mode decomposition( EMD) is a powerful tool of time-frequency analysis. EMD decomposes a signal into a series of sub-signals,called Intrinsic mode functions( IMFs). Each IMF contains different frequency components which can deal with the nonlinear and non-stationary of signal. Complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition( CEEMD) is an improved algorithm,which can provide an accurate reconstruction of the original signal and better spectral separation of the modes. The authors studied the decomposition result of a synthetic signal obtained from EMD and CEEMD. The result shows that the CEEMD has suitability in spectrum decomposition time-frequency analysis. Compared with traditional methods,a higher time-frequency resolution is obtained through verifying the method on both synthetic and real data.

Research on variable frequency and speed regulation of motor system based on PLC

This paper presents the composition, control scheme and signal processing method of frequency conversion motor speed testing system based on $7-200 PLC, and design the hardware circuit, the trapezoidal chart procedure and touch screen display program. The debugging test shows that the system is simple, practical, and related design work has laid the foundation for the future.