{P_8W_48}-轮型多金属氧酸盐的合成及氧化催化性能

六缺位Dawson型钨磷酸盐K12H2P2W12O48·24H2O在NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液中发生自聚,形成了Na21[Na12H7P8W48O184]·70H2O(简写为Na-P8W48)轮型化合物.利用单晶X射线衍射、IR和XRD对Na-P8W48进行了表征,在该化合物的轮内12个活性位均被Na+占据.以环己醇氧化合成环己酮为模型反应,探讨了{P8W48}的氧化催化性能.考察了不同物料比、催化剂用量、反应时间、温度及催化剂的溶解性对反应的影响.结果表明,当环己醇/H2O2的摩尔比为1∶2.2,环己醇/{P8W48}(以W计)的摩尔比为200∶1,80℃反应3h,环己酮产率最高,在均相体系时产率可达93%,是环己醇氧化合成环己酮的优良催化剂.

Optimal Structural Design of the Midship of a VLCC Based on the Strategy Integrating SVM and GA

In this paper a hybrid process of modeling and optimization, which integrates a support vector machine （SVM） and genetic algorithm （GA）, was introduced to reduce the high time cost in structural optimization of ships. SVM, which is rooted in statistical learning theory and an approximate implementation of the method of structural risk minimization, can provide a good generalization performance in metamodeling the input-output relationship of real problems and consequently cuts down on high time cost in the analysis of real problems, such as FEM analysis. The GA, as a powerful optimization technique, possesses remarkable advantages for the problems that can hardly be optimized with common gradient-based optimization methods, which makes it suitable for optimizing models built by SVM. Based on the SVM-GA strategy, optimization of structural scantlings in the midship of a very large crude carrier （VLCC） ship was carried out according to the direct strength assessment method in common structural rules （CSR）, which eventually demonstrates the high efficiency of SVM-GA in optimizing the ship structural scantlings under heavy computational complexity. The time cost of this optimization with SVM-GA has been sharply reduced, many more loops have been processed within a small amount of time and the design has been improved remarkably.

Establishment and application of service mapping model for proactive remanufacturing impeller

Since the complex impeller structure and the difficult remanufacturing process may easily cause advance remanufacturing or excessive use,an optimized design method of impeller and service mapping model was presented for its proactive remanufacturing with setting up to explore the best remanufacturing time point in this work.Considering a certain model of long distance pipeline compressor impeller with the Basquin equation and the design method of impeller,the mathematical relationship between the changes of structure and life of the impeller was established.And the service mapping model between the structure and life was set up and simulated by ANSYS software.Thus,the service mapping model was applied to feedback the original design for proactive remanufacturing.In this work,the best proactive remanufacturing time point of impeller was analyzed with the service mapping model,and the structural parameter values could be optimized at this time point.Meanwhile,in the results of this simulation,it proves that the impeller under this optimization performance could satisfy the impeller operating demands.Therefore,comparing with the traditional optimization design method,the remanufacturing optimized design based on the service mapping model is feasible in proactive remanufacturing for sustainable development.

Active contour model based measurement of distance of material serial sections

The measurement of thickness of material removed between serial sections is a crucial step of three-dimensional reconstruction. Active contour model is an efficient method for contour detection of objects on an image. Based on the segmentation of the FeAl/ZrO2 composite image by using adaptive threshold, the gradient vector flow (GVF) snake was used to detect the contour of the indent. The horizontal diagonal length and the vertical diagonal length of the indent contour were acquired by measuring the distance from the uppermost snaxel to the lowermost snaxel and that from the leftmost snaxel to the rightmost snaxel respectively. Then the final diagonal length was gotten by averaging the vertical diagonal length and the horizontal diagonal length. The Vickers indenter was made by a square pyramidal-shaped diamond with opposite faces at an angle of 136°, so the geometrical relation was established between the thickness of material removed between two successive serial sections and the difference of diagonal length on the two serial sections. Based on the relation, the thickness of material removed between two successive serial sections was calculated using the two successive diagonals.

Optimization of compound gear pump

This paper introduces the performances of compound gear pump. Based on the target of having the smallest mass per unit volume, the paper established a mathematical model of optimization, and obtained the results of optimization of the pump.

A CFD/CSD model for aeroelastic calculations of large-scale wind turbines

In this paper,a CFD/CSD model coupling N-S equations and structural equations of motion in the time domain is described for aeroelastic analysis of large wind turbines.The structural modes of blades are analyzed with one-dimensional beam models.By combining point matched sliding grid for wind turbine rotation and deforming grid for structural vibrations,a hybrid dynamic grid strategy is designed for the multi-block structured grid system of a wind turbine.The dual time-stepping approach and finite volume scheme are applied to the three-dimensional unsteady preconditioned N-S equations,and DES approach is employed to simulate the unsteady massively separated flows.A modal approach is adopted to calculate the structural response,and a predictor-corrector scheme is used to solve the structural equations of motion.CFD and CSD solvers are tightly coupled via successive iterations within each physical time step.As a result,a time-domain CFD/CSD model for aeroelastic analysis of a large wind turbine is achieved.The presented method is applied to the NH1500 large wind turbine under the rated condition,and the calculated aeroelastic characteristics agree well with those of the prescribed vortex wake method.

ACTIVE CONTOUR BASED ON 3D STRUCTURE TENSOR APPLIED IN MEDICAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION

The paper presents an improved tensor-based active contour model in a variational level set formulation for medical image segmentation. In it, a new energy function is defined with a local intensity fitting term in intensity inhomogeneity of the image, and with a global intensity fitting term in intensity homogeneity domain. Weighting factor is chosen to balance these two intensity fitting terms, which can be calculated automatically by local entropy. The level set regularization term is to replace contour curve to find the minimum of the energy function. Particularly, structure tensor is applied to describe the image, which overcomes the disadvantage of image feature without structure information.The experimental results show that our proposed method can segment image efficiently whether it presents intensity inhomogeneity or not and wherever the initial contour is. Moreover, compared with the Chan-Vese model and local binary fitting model, our proposed model not only handles better intensity inhomogeneity, but also is less sensitive to the location of initial contour.