软基体混合胞孔材料的力学性能及抗多次冲击性能

为了探索具有优异吸能性能的软基体混合胞孔材料的力学性能,研究该类材料在多次冲击下的冲击响应和材料的可恢复性,对一种软基体混合胞孔材料—人工软骨仿生超材料(artificial cartilage foam,ACF)进行了不同速度下的单轴拉伸和压缩实验,得到了ACF材料在不同应变率条件下的应力-应变曲线。并利用落锤冲击实验机对ACF材料和另一种软基体混合胞孔材料—发泡聚丙烯材料(expanded polypropylene,EPP)进行了多次冲击下的对比测试,得到了2种材料在单次和多次冲击下的动力学响应。实验结果表明:ACF材料是一种应变率敏感的材料,随着应变率的提升,材料的弹性模量、抗拉强度和抗压强度均逐渐提高;在50 J冲击能量作用下,ACF材料能够吸收96%以上的冲击能量,远高于EPP材料的70%,ACF材料具有更加优异的吸能性能;5次冲击后ACF材料的最大峰值力、最大变形量和吸能能力几乎不变。相比于EPP材料,ACF材料有良好的可恢复性,且具有稳定的多次抗冲击能力。这些研究为软基体混合胞孔材料在多次冲击防护中的应用提供了实验依据。

软基体医用导管涂层围压式摩擦实验技术研究及应用

附着有功能涂层的导尿管、静脉导管等软基体医用导管在临床使用时会和人体尿道、血管等内表面组织发生摩擦,存在涂层脱落的风险,因此,需对其润滑性能和附着性能进行测试表征。基于临床实际使用工况,研制了一种软基体医用导管涂层围压式摩擦实验装置,并发展了相关的涂层润滑性能、附着性能表征方法;同时,利用该装置对附着有聚乙烯吡络烷酮的导尿管进行了实验。结果显示,乳胶和PVC基体的导尿管的平均摩擦系数分别为0.0143和0.0153;该方法的测量结果不易受试样尺寸、基体材质、围压压强影响;同时,根据该装置监测摩擦力的变化情况可以灵敏地判断涂层脱落情况;该实验技术可以有效解决软基体医用导管涂层润滑性能、附着性能的表征难题。

Cloning of Novel Tumor Metastasis-Related Genes from the Highly Metastatic Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Anip973

A cDNA library was successfully constructed from Anip973, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line with high metastatic potential. NIH3T3 cells were stably transfected using this cDNA library and screened for morphological changes in a soft agar assay. Genomic DNA was isolated from putative clones and the integrated sequence was retrieved by PCR and sequencing. Three known genes, ribosomal protein L23, hypothetical protein FLJ22104, and serine protease inhibitor, kazal type 6 and a number of 5＇-terminally truncated sequences were identified. Furthermore, cells transfected with ribosomal protein L23 was highly invasive compared with the empty vector as control （P 〈 0.02）. These results indicate that the expression cloning of cDNA libraries in NIH3T3 cells and subsequent screening for loss of contact inhibition in soft agar is a viable tool for identifying tumor-related genes and ribosomal protein L23 gene plays a role in cell movement and metastasis.

Characterization of Chiton Ischnochiton hakodadensis Foot Based on Transcriptome Sequencing

Chiton(Ischnochiton hakodadensis) is one of marine mollusks well known for its eight separate shell plates. I. hakodadensis is important, which plays a vital role in the ecosystems it inhabits. So far, the genetic studies on the chiton are scarce due in part to insufficient genomic resources available for this species. In this study, we investigated the transcriptome of the chiton foot using Illumina sequencing technology. The reads were assembled and clustered into 256461 unigenes, of which 42247 were divided into diverse functional categories by Gene Ontology(GO) annotation terms, and 17256 mapped onto 365 pathways by KEGG pathway mapping. Meanwhile, a set of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between distal and proximal muscles were identified as the foot adhesive locomotion associated, thus were useful for our future studies. Moreover, up to 679384 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and 19814 simple sequence repeats(SSRs) were identified in this study, which are valuable for subsequent studies on genetic diversity and variation. The transcriptomic resource obtained in this study should aid to future genetic and genomic studies of chiton.

Iodothyronine deiodinase gene analysis of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas reveals possible conservation of thyroid hormone feedback regulation mechanism in mollusks

Iodothyronine deiodinase catalyzes the initiation and termination of thyroid hormones(THs) effects, and plays a central role in the regulation of thyroid hormone level in vertebrates. In non-chordate invertebrates, only one deiodinase has been identified in the scallop C hlamys farreri. Here, two deiodinases were cloned in the Pacific oyster C rassostrea gigas( Cg Dx and C g Dy). The characteristic in-frame TGA codons and selenocysteine insertion sequence elements in the oyster deiodinase c DNAs supported the activity of them. Furthermore, seven orthologs of deiodinases were found by a tblastn search in the mollusk Lottia gigantea and the annelid C apitella teleta. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the deiodinase gene originated from an common ancestor and a clade-specific gene duplication occurred independently during the differentiation of the mollusk, annelid, and vertebrate lineages. The distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns implied functional divergence of the two deiodinases. The expression of C g Dx and Cg Dy was influenced by L-thyroxine T4, and putative thyroid hormone responsive elements were found in their promoters, which suggested that the oyster deiodinases were feedback regulated by TH. Epinephrine stimulated the expression level of C g Dx and Cg Dy, suggesting an interaction effect between different hormones. This study provides the first evidence for the existence of a conserved TH feedback regulation mechanism in mollusks, providing insights into TH evolution.

Numerical model of soft ground improvement by vertical drain combined with vacuum preloading

The rapid development of high-speed transportation infrastructure such as highway and high-speed railway has resulted in the advancement of soft soil improvement techniques. Vacuum preloading combined with vertical drains has been proved to be an effective method in the treatment of soft foundation. A three-dimensional numerical analysis of the coupled methods was presented, in which the smear zone and the well resistance were taken into account. The variations of the basic soil parameters including the permeability coefficient and the coefficient of volume compressibility were considered in the numerical model. The result of the numerical model was then compared to the measured value. The results indicate that the decrease of coefficient of volume compressibility accelerates the consolidation of the soil while the influence of hydraulic conductivity is insignificant. A cube drain presents the closest result to the real situation compared to the other equivalent methods of prefabricated vertical drain (PVD). The case study indicates that the numerical model with variation of soil parameters is closer to the measured value than the numerical model without variation of soil parameters.

Investigation on detection of Haemophilus ducreyi by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective:To investigate the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Haemophilus ducreyi in clinical diagnosis of chancroid. Methods: Nucleotide sequences of 16srRNA gene specific for H. dureyi were used to develop primer sets for amplification of two strains. The amplified products were tested via PCR and sequenced by electrophoresis in a 1.5% gel.These products were compared with those of heterogeneous species or related bacteria to test the specificity of the PCR assay. PCR amplification with different concentrations of H.ducreyi was performed to test its sensitivity. Results: PCR amplification of two strains of H. ducreyi produced a single band of expected 438bp length. The sequence was identified with genomic DNA. None of the other 19 reference species amplified under the same conditions gave this result. The highest sensitivity of PCR assay in the present test was 10ng/L. Conclusions: PCR assay for detection of H. ducreyi is a rapid, specific, and sensitive detection method. If laboratory conditions are strictly controlled, PCR assay is a potentially useful laboratory test for H. ducreyi infection diagnosis.

Evolution and functional analysis of the Pif97 gene of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Mollusc shell matrix proteins （SMPs） are important functional components embedded in the shell and play a role in shell formation. A SMP （Pif177） was identified previously from the nacreous layer of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctadafucata, and its cleavage products （named pfPif97 and pfPif80 proteins） were found to bind to the chitin framework and induce aragonite crystal formation and orient the c axis. In this study, a homologue of pfPif177 was cloned from the mantle of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, containing the homologue of pfPif97 only and not pfPif80. This finding hints at the large divergence in gene structure between the two species. This homologue （cgPif97） shares characteristics with pfPif97, and suggests that the biological functions of these two proteins may be similar. The expression pattern of cgPif97 in different tissues and development stages in- dicates that it may play an important role in shell formation of the adult oyster. The morphology of the inner shell surface was af- fected by injected siRNA of cgPif97 and the calcite laths of the shell became thinner and narrower when the siRNA dose in- creased, suggesting that the cgPip7 gene plays an important role in calcite shell formation in C. gigas. In conclusion, we found evidence that the Pif177 gene evolved very fast but still retains a similar function among species [Current Zoology 59 （1）： 109-115, 2013].