应力因素下的岩盐卸荷扩容试验研究

通过开展围压卸载试验,研究不同三轴应力状态下围压卸载对岩盐试件扩容特征的影响,以及扩容与卸载形式之间的关系。研究发现,(1)围压卸载时岩盐的体积扩容量与偏应力存在较为明显的对数关系;(2)卸载的初始围压对岩盐的扩容影响几乎不存在;轴压增大能够促进岩盐的扩容,使加速扩容点前移,且加速扩容点对应的偏应力与轴压的增加呈线性关系;(3)岩盐的膨胀系数(即横向应变与纵向变形的比值)随着偏应力的增大,呈现先线性增加后指数增加的趋势。

Strength weakening effect of high static pre-stressed granite subjected to low-frequency dynamic disturbance under uniaxial compression

This study aimed to elucidate the strength weakening effect of high static pre-stressed rocks subjected to low-frequency disturbances under uniaxial compression.Based on the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of granite under static loading,70%,80%,and 90%of UCS were selected as the initial high static pre-stress(σ_(p)),and then the pre-stressed rock specimens were disturbed by sinusoidal stress with amplitudes of 30%,20%,and 10%of UCS under low-frequency frequencies(f)of 1,2,5,and 10 Hz,respectively.The results show that the rockburst failure of pre-stressed granite is caused by low-frequency disturbance,and the failure strength is much lower than UCS.When theσp or f is constant,the specimen strength gradually decreases as the f or σ_(p) increases.The experimental study illustrates the influence mechanism of the strength weakening effect of high static pre-stress rocks under low-frequency dynamic disturbance,that is,high static pre-stress is the premise and leading factor of rock strength weakening,while low-frequency dynamic disturbance induces rock failure and affects the strength weakening degree.

Effects of bending on heat transfer performance of axial micro-grooved heat pipe

Heat pipe is always bent in the typical application of electronic heat dissipation at high heat flux,which greatly affects its heat transfer performance. The capillary limit of heat transport in the bent micro-grooved heat pipes was analyzed in the vapor pressure drop,the liquid pressure drop and the interaction of the vapor with wick fluid. The bent heat pipes were fabricated and tested from the bending angle,the bending position and the bending radius. The results show that temperature difference and thermal resistance increase while the heat transfer capacity of the heat pipe decreases,with the increase of the bending angles and the bending position closer to the vapor section. However,the effects of bending radius can be ignored. The result agrees well with the predicted equations.

In situ strength of coal bed based on the size effect study on the uniaxial compressive strength

In the early 1990 s, the Foundation for Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul State(CIENTEC)developed a pioneering study in Brazil, related to the simultaneous mining of multiple coal seams.One of the activities included detailed studies on the geomechanical characterization of materials present in the Irapua coal seam, under exploitation in the A-Sangao Mine, located near the city of Criciuma-SC,within the South-Catarinense coalfield. The goal of the laboratory tests was to define the behavior of the uniaxial compressive strength of the Irapua coal seam and establish a first approximation for the in situ strength value of this coal seam, since existing knowledge is solely based on practical mining experience over the years. Large samples of the coal seam were collected, using special techniques to maintain the integrity of the material, and a set of 56 uniaxial compression tests in cubic specimens, with side length ranging from 4.5 to 31 cm, were conducted in laboratory. This paper describes the experimental techniques used in the assays, and also presents the uniaxial compression strength results obtained.Moreover, important aspects of this type of study are considered, highlighting the size effect for the carbonaceous bed and the estimation of in situ strength values for the Irapua coal seam.

Size effect of confined concrete subjected to axial compression

In order to investigate the size effect and other effects on the stress-strain relationship of confined concrete, 42 specimens with different sizes and section shapes were placed under axial compression loading. Effects of key parameters such as size of specimens, tie configuration, transverse reinforcement ratio, and concrete cover were studied. The results show that for specimens with the same configuration and the same volumetric ratio of the transverse reinforcement, along with the increasing specimen size, the peak stress, peak strain and deformation of the post-peak show a down trend, however, the volumetric ratio of the transverse reinforcement is lowered, the decreasing of the peak stress is accelerated, but the decreasing of the deformation is slow down. For specimens with the same volumetric ratio but different configurations of transverse reinforcement, though the transverse reinforcement configuration becomes more complicated, the peak stress of the large size specimen does not improve more than that of the small size. However, the deformation occurs before the stress declines to 85% of peak stress, and the improvement with the grid pattern tie configuration is much greater due to size effect.

Coupled effects of stress damage and drilling fluid on strength of hard brittle shale

During well drilling process,original stress state of hard brittle shale will be changed due to stress redistribution and concentration,which leads to stress damage phenomenon around the borehole.Consequently,drilling fluid will invade into formation along the tiny cracks induced by stress damage,and then weaken the strength of hard brittle shale.Based on this problem,a theoretical model was set up to discuss damage level of shale under uniaxial compression tests using acoustic velocity data.And specifically,considering the coupled effect of stress damage and drilling fluid,the relationship between hard brittle shale strength and elapsed time was analyzed.

应力波透射煤岩结构面传播衰减数值分析方法

针对一维动态节理角度和轴向静载差异的煤岩结构面承载损伤下应力波透射问题,采用室内实验、理论分析和计算机仿真等方法,揭示了界面倾角与轴向静载对煤岩结构面透射应力波的作用机制,结合Barton-Bandis节理本构模型、UDEC离散元仿真与灰狼算法优化BP神经网络技术,对分离式霍普金森压杆(Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar,SHPB)实验过程中应力波透射进行仿真和机器学习,在充分考虑各项参数的基础上进行了显著性正交试验和多因素方差分析,筛选出了主要影响因素并确定了修正方案,得到了煤岩结构面轴向静载与倾角差异下Barton-Bandis本构数值模拟参数修正的机器学习模型,极大地提升了煤岩结构面受冲击状态下变形行为与本构参数之间关联机制的计算效率。研究结果表明:基于BP人工神经网络技术的机器学习预测模型具有良好的适用性,可快速确定当前煤岩结构面倾角与轴向静载下模型参数,提供了一种基于数据驱动的煤岩结构面BartonBandis本构模型参数的高效修正方法,同时可以预测给定训练样本以外更大倾角与轴向静载范围下煤岩结构面数值模拟参数。

Forging Penetration Efficiency of Steel H13 Stepped Shaft Radial Forging with GFM Forging Machine

The numerical thermal mechanical simulation of radial forging process of steel H13 stepped shaft with GFM(Gesellschaft fur Fertigungstechnik und Maschinenbau) forging machine was carried out by three-dimensional finite element code DEFORM 3D.According to the effective plastic strain,the mean stress and the mean plastic strain distribution of the radial forging,the forging penetration efficiency(FPE) was studied throughout each operation.The results show that the effective plastic strain in the center of the forging is always greater than zero for the desirable larger axial drawing velocity.The mean stress in the center of the workpiece is proposed to describe hydrostatic pressure in this paper.There is compressive strain layer beneath the surface of the workpiece to be found,while there is tensile strain core in the center of the workpiece.These results could be a valuable reference for designing the similar forging operations.