复合材料蜂窝夹层结构轴压载荷下总体屈曲计算研究

对两种芯层厚度的复合材料蜂窝夹层板进行轴压载荷下的稳定性试验,给出了试验件的屈曲载荷及破坏形式。分别采用四种工程方法及线性与非线性有限元方法对轴压载荷下蜂窝夹层板的屈曲破坏载荷进行计算,根据试验结果,对各类方法的计算结果进行了误差分析并给出了其使用建议。对文献[8]中的方法,因计算过程简单,易于程序化实现,推荐在型号设计中使用。

筋条形式和制造工艺对轴压载荷下钛合金加筋板力学行为模式的影响分析

加筋壁板是航空结构中常用结构形式,不同筋条形式和不同制造工艺会影响其力学行为及其失效模式。针对钛合金加筋板,采用有限元方法建立数值计算模型,研究了T型、L型和Z型3种不同截面形式筋条对加筋板的屈曲模态和破坏形式的影响机制,分析了焊接、点焊和铆接不同制造工艺对加筋板的屈曲载荷和后屈曲特性的影响。结果表明:T型加筋板的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷均为最大;不同制造工艺对破坏载荷和后屈曲承载能力的影响较大,其中焊接加筋板后屈曲承载能力最大;然后给出600 mm×600 mm加筋板结构效能最大的加筋方式。

轴压载荷下薄壁整体壁板强度设计

在最佳设计面积比的情况下,整体壁板的设计可以得到较高的结构承载能力,但是对于整体壁板,蒙皮与筋条分离面的确定给实际设计工作造成很大障碍。为解决以上问题,对蒙皮厚度在2.5~3.5mm范围内的“T”形整体壁板,在截面面积相同的条件下给定分离面位置,以最大失稳载荷为设计目标,得到蒙皮与筋条的最佳设计面积比。结果表明:以此面积比设计的厚蒙皮“T”形整体壁板其承受轴压载荷的能力最强。

混凝土轴压应力应变关系

混凝土轴压应力应变全曲线的峰值点C把应力应变分为上升段和下降段两部分，C点之前为上升段，即混凝土在荷载作用下裂缝出现、传播、扩展，最后形成通缝，使混凝土内部能量变化和转换消失，引起应力应变变化．C点之后为下降段，即混凝土应力达峰值之后，裂缝继续开展、传播、发展，引起应力应变关系的变化．文中分析了混凝土轴压应力应变关系的数学表达式，提出了以混凝土抗压强度为参数的混凝土轴压应力应变关系式．

厚蒙皮“T”形整体壁板强度设计

基于《飞机设计手册》中整体壁板的设计方法,在最佳设计面积比的情况下,可以得到较高的结构承载能力,但是蒙皮与长桁分离面的确定给实际设计工作造成很大障碍。本文针对这一问题开展了相关的研究工作,对蒙皮厚度在4～6 mm范围内的"T"形整体壁板,给定分离面位置,在结构质量一定的条件下以最大失稳载荷为设计目标,得到蒙皮与长桁的最佳设计面积比。以此面积比设计的厚蒙皮"T"形整体壁板其承受轴压载荷的能力最强。

Load spectrum analysis for combined frame of closed high-speed press

Based on the basic theory of mechanics,kinematic and dynamic analysis for a slider-crank mechanism with a balance mechanism is performed.The theoretical formula of the load spectrum for the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam is achieved by approximately simplifying the mechanical model of the crank shaft.The simulation for the load spectrum data of combined frame under the operating conditions of blanking or piling is performed using Matlab and the law of the load spectrum curves under these two conditions is analyzed.The simulation results show that under a no-load condition,the load spectrum curves of the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam present a form of periodic sine wave and under the piling condition,the load spectrum curves of the interaction between the crank shaft and the bearing seat of the upper beam present a form of periodic pulse wave.The simulation results can provide a theoretical foundation for the load determination during the process of analyzing the dynamic characteristics on the combined frame of a closed high-speed press through the finite element method.

Axial compression physical testing of traditional and bird beak SHS T-joints

The static tests of nine traditional and bird beak square hollow structure(SHS) T-joints with different β values and connection types under axial compression at brace end were carried out. Experimental test schemes, failure modes of specimens, jack load-vertical displacement curves, jack load-deformation of chord and strain intensity distribution curves of joints were presented. The effects of β and connection types on axial compression property of joints were studied. The results show that the ultimate axial compression capacity of common bird beak SHS T-joints and diamond bird beak SHS T-joints is larger than that of traditional SHS T-joint specimens with big values of β. The ultimate axial compression capacity of diamond bird beak SHS T-joints is larger than that of common bird beak SHS T-joints. As β increases, the increase of the ultimate axial compression capacity of diamond bird beak SHS T-joints over that of common bird beak joints grows. The ultimate axial compression capacity and the initial axial stiffness of all kinds of joints increase as β increases, and the initial axial stiffness of the diamond bird beak SHS T-joints is the largest. The ductilities of common bird beak and diamond bird beak SHS T-joints increase as β increases, but the ductility of the traditional SHS T-joints decreases as β increases.

Analysis of Aerodynamic Load on Straight-bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

This paper presents a wind tunnel experiment for the evaluation of energy performance and aerodynamic forces acting on a small straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT) depending on several values of tip speed ratio. In the present study, the wind turbine is a four-bladed VAWT. The test airfoil of blade is symmetry airfoil(NACA0021) with 32 pressure ports used for the pressure measurements on blade surface. Based on the pressure distributions which are acted on the surface of rotor blade measured during rotation by multiport pressure-scanner mounted on a hub, the power, tangential force, lift and drag coefficients which are obtained by pressure distribution are discussed as a function of azimuthally position. And then, the loads which are applied to the entire wind turbine are compared with the experiment data of pressure distribution. As a result, it is clarified that aerodynamic forces take maximum value when the blade is moving to upstream side, and become small and smooth at downstream side. The power and torque coefficients which are based on the pressure distribution are larger than that by torque meter.

The effects of Haversian fluid pressure and harmonic axial loading on the poroelastic behaviors of a single osteon

In order to well understand the mechanism of the mechanotransduction in bone, we propose a new model of transverse iso- tropic and poroelastic osteon cylinder considering Haversian fluid pressure. The analytical pore pressure and velocity solutions are obtained to examine the fluid transport behavior and pressure distribution in a loaded osteon on two different exterior sur- face cases. Case I is stress free and fully permeable and case I1 is impermeable. The following are the results obtained. （i） The Haversian fluid may not be ignored because it can enlarge the whole osteonal fluid pressure field, and it bears the external loads together with the solid skeleton. （ii） The increase of both axial strain amplitude and frequency can result in the increase of fluid pressure and velocity amplitudes, while in case II, the frequency has little effect on the fluid pressure amplitude. （iii） Under the same loading conditions, the pressure amplitude in case II is larger than that in case I, while the velocity amplitude is smaller than that in case I. This model permits the linking of the external loads to the osteonal fluid pressure and velocity, which may be a stimulus to the mechanotransduction of bone remodeling signals.

Deformation analysis of an incompressible composite cylindrical tube subjected to end axial loads and internal constraint

In this paper,the problem of axially symmetric deformation is examined for a composite cylindrical tube under equal axial loads acting on its two ends,where the tube is composed of two different incompressible neo-Hookean materials.Significantly,the implicit analytical solutions describing the deformation of the tube are proposed.Numerical simulations are given to further illustrate the qualitative properties of the solutions and some meaningful conclusions are obtained.In the tension case,with the increasing axial loads or with the decreasing ratio of shear moduli of the outer and the inner materials,it is proved that the tube will shrink more along the radial direction and will extend more along the axial direction.Under either tension or compression,the deformation along the axial direction is obvious near the two ends of the tube,while in the rest,the change is relatively small.Similarly,for a large domain of the middle part,the axial elongation is almost constant;however,the variation is very fast near the two ends.In addition,the absolute value of the axial displacement increases gradually from the central cross-section of the tube and achieves the maximum at the two endpoints.

Postbuckling behavior of 3D braided rectangular plates subjected to uniaxial compression and transverse loads in thermal environments

Postbuckling behavior of the 3D braided rectangular plates subjected to uniaxial compression combined with transverse loads in thermal environments is presented.Based on a micro-macro-mechanical model,a 3D braided composite may be treated as a cell system and the geometry of each cell is deeply dependent on its position in the cross-section of the plate.The material properties of the epoxy are expressed as a linear function of temperature.Uniform,linear and nonlinear temperature distributions through the thickness are involved.The lateral pressure(three types of transverse loads,i.e.transverse uniform load;transverse patch load over a central area;and transverse sinusoidal load)is first converted into an initial deflection and the initial geometric imperfection of the plate is taken into account.The governing equations are based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation plate theory with a von Kármán-type of kinematic nonlinearity.Two cases of the in-plane boundary conditions are also taken into account.A perturbation technique is employed to determine buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths of simply supported 3D braided rectangular plates.The results reveal that the temperature rise,geometric parameter,fiber volume fraction,braiding angle,the character of the in-plane boundary conditions and different types of initial transverse loads have a significant effect on the buckling and postbuckling behavior of the braided composite plates.