流体动压滑动轴承-转子系统非线性动力特性及稳定性

根据油膜的物理特性,在动力积分、迭代过程中实时修正具有下游Reynolds边界条件的轴承流体润滑椭圆型变分方程,使其等价为变分不等式.运用八节点等参有限元方法,同时完成非线性油膜力及其Jacobian矩阵的计算.运用Newton-Raphson方法求得转子平衡点时,同时求得了作为副产品的轴承的刚度和阻尼系数.将预估-校正机理和Newton-Raphson方法相结合,提出了计算轴承-转子系统Hopf分岔点(对应于线性失稳转速)的方法.将预估-校正机理与Poincaré-Newton-Floquet方法相结合,分析了T周期运动的局部稳定性和分岔现象.结果表明,采用八节点等参有限元方法同时完成非线性油膜力及其Jacobian矩阵的计算时,同传统方法相比计算量减少,且精度协调一致;将预估-校正机理和Newton-Raphson方法相结合,可以方便地计算轴承-转子系统Hopf分岔点;将预估-校正机理与Poincaré-Newton-Floquet方法相结合,可以避免初值选取困难,快速求得系统周期解及其分岔点.所建立的计算方法具有省时、精度高等优点,可用于指导滑动轴承-转子系统设计.

COUPLED DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF ROTOR-CONICAL MAGNETIC BEARING SYSTEM

The coupled dynamic characteristics of the conical electromagnetic bearing are presented and their definitions are given. On the basis of the analyses of the characteristics, the dynamic model of five degrees of freedom (five-DOF) rotor-conical electromagnetic bearing system is made, and the influence of the coupled characteristics on the system optimal controller is analyzed.

A comprehensive comparative investigation of frictional force models for dynamics of rotor−bearing systems

Vibrations of a rotor-bearing system(RBS)can be affected by the frictional forces between the components of the inherent bearings.Thus,an in-depth investigation of the influences of the frictional moments of the bearings on the vibrations of the RBS can be helpful for understanding the vibration mechanisms in the rotating machinery.In this study,an improved dynamic model of a RBS considering different frictional force models is presented.A comparative investigation on the influences of the empirical and analytical frictional force models on the vibration characteristics of the RBS is proposed.The empirical frictional force models include Palmgren’s and SKF’s models.The analytical frictional force model considers the rolling friction caused by the radial elastic material hysteresis,slipping friction between the ball and races,viscosity friction caused by the lubricating oil,and contact friction between the ball and cage.The influences of the external load and rotational speed on the vibrations of the RBS are analyzed.The comparative results show that the analytical frictional force model can give a more reasonable method for formulating the effects of the friction forces in the bearings on the vibrations of the RBS.The results also demonstrate that the friction forces in the bearings can significantly affect the vibrations of the RBSs.

Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of ball bearing rotor system

Nonlinear forces and moments caused by ball bearing were calculated based on relationship of displacement and deflection and quasi-dynamic model of bearing.Five-DOF dynamic equations of rotor supported by ball bearings were estimated.The Newmark-β method and Newton-Laphson method were used to solve the equations.The dynamic characteristics of rotor system were studied through the time response,the phase portrait,the Poincar?maps and the bifurcation diagrams.The results show that the system goes through the quasi-periodic bifurcation route to chaos as rotate speed increases and there are several quasi-periodic regions and chaos regions.The amplitude decreases and the dynamic behaviors change as the axial load of ball bearing increases;the initial contact angle of ball bearing affects dynamic behaviors of the system obviously.The system can avoid non-periodic vibration by choosing structural parameters and operating parameters reasonably.

箔片气体动压轴承研究进展综述

箔片气体动压轴承具有转速高、摩擦功耗低、无油润滑以及良好的减振性能等优势,已在飞机换气系统和曝气鼓风机等领域广泛应用。近年来随着全球“碳达峰碳中和”战略的提出和实施,氢燃料电池汽车等成为产业热点,箔片气体动压轴承在燃料电池空压机领域的应用呈现“井喷”态势,但箔片轴承在适应燃料电池汽车复杂工况所必须具备的长寿命、高抗振性及高可靠性等方面,还远远没有得到充分验证,目前仍处于路况验证和技术迭代阶段。因此有必要在新工况和新性能需求大背景下,对箔片气体动压轴承的现有研究成果进行系统梳理和深入分析。介绍了箔片气体动压轴承的结构及在燃料电池空压机中的应用;评述了箔片气体动压轴承的高速特性、比承载能力、动力学稳定性以及启停寿命等关键性能指标及当前发展水平;分别从箔片气体动压轴承理论建模、气固耦合特性仿真算法、气膜热特性及温升控制、轴承转子系统动力学稳定性、箔片轴承抗振性及疲劳寿命、箔片表面涂层技术及启停寿命、箔片轴承动态性能测试与试验技术等方面,对箔片轴承关键技术进行了系统分析和综述;最后结合燃料电池汽车工况对高速离心式空压机的性能需求,对箔片气体轴承关键技术的发展趋势进行了预测和展望。