气浮轴承-转子系统振动特性实验研究

针对高速气体润滑轴承-转子系统存在低频振动现象,考虑气膜压力与弹性支承对轴系振动特性的影响,开展低频振动特性实验研究。采用了轴系模态分析方法,得到不同轴承供气压力下的转子的模态固有频率,采用非线性测试及分析方法,研究了低频振动及其抑制后的轴心轨迹、频率耦合三维谱图、频谱图和分岔图等非线性特征,结果表明:基础下加硅胶垫后,能够降低转子通过临界转速的幅值,推迟低频振荡的发生。

齿轮传递系统振动功率流特性研究

从振动噪声传递的经典模型 (即振源—路径—接受体 )出发 ,分别对轴、轴承、箱体建立模型 ,进行动力学分析 ,其中把轴看作受到广义力作用下的空间梁 ,应用传递矩阵法推导其导纳矩阵 ;轴承采用Lim模型 ,箱体看作一个刚体模型。采用子结构导纳方法 ,推导了传递到子系统的功率流表达式 ,研究不同阻尼比对传递到箱体和系统的功率流的影响 。

Estimation of the Forces on Rubbing Rotor-Bearing System

It*ss very important to identify the load on rotor bearing system. Based on load identification in time domain, a new method combined with transfer matrix method is applied in rubbing rotor bearing system to estimate the force on rubbing rotor for the first time. Avoiding calculating the modal parameters, the outside excitation force on multi point and the distribute of internal forces on rubbing rotor bearing system can be identified by this way at the same time. Finally, the simulation is made on partial lateral rubbing rotor bearing system. For the faulty of rotor/stator rub, the point where rubbing occurs and the change of impact forces can be detected by this method in order to improve the accuracy of rotor/stator rub faulty diagnosis.

COUPLED DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF ROTOR-CONICAL MAGNETIC BEARING SYSTEM

The coupled dynamic characteristics of the conical electromagnetic bearing are presented and their definitions are given. On the basis of the analyses of the characteristics, the dynamic model of five degrees of freedom (five-DOF) rotor-conical electromagnetic bearing system is made, and the influence of the coupled characteristics on the system optimal controller is analyzed.

REDUCING VIBRATION WITH FRICTION-DAMPING IN HIGH-SPEED ROTOR SYSTEM

To reduce the excessive vibration of a high-speed rotor system at the critical speed, a friction damper with a flexible support structure is introduced. The mechanism of vibration reduction and support characteristics are analyzed and a friction damper is designed. The effect on an unbalanced response is studied. Results show that the stiffness factor and the friction-damping factor of the damper are related to the cone angle and the friction factor of the inner-ring when adopting a proper structure. By changing these parameters and the Z-directional stiffness of the outer-ring, the stiffness and the damping characteristic of the damper can be varied. Introducing a friction damper into the support can reduce the stiffness and increase the damping of the support, thus decreasing the critical speed to avoid the operating speed, suppress the resonant response of a rotor system, and attenuate vibration forces to the outside.

A comprehensive comparative investigation of frictional force models for dynamics of rotor−bearing systems

Vibrations of a rotor-bearing system(RBS)can be affected by the frictional forces between the components of the inherent bearings.Thus,an in-depth investigation of the influences of the frictional moments of the bearings on the vibrations of the RBS can be helpful for understanding the vibration mechanisms in the rotating machinery.In this study,an improved dynamic model of a RBS considering different frictional force models is presented.A comparative investigation on the influences of the empirical and analytical frictional force models on the vibration characteristics of the RBS is proposed.The empirical frictional force models include Palmgren’s and SKF’s models.The analytical frictional force model considers the rolling friction caused by the radial elastic material hysteresis,slipping friction between the ball and races,viscosity friction caused by the lubricating oil,and contact friction between the ball and cage.The influences of the external load and rotational speed on the vibrations of the RBS are analyzed.The comparative results show that the analytical frictional force model can give a more reasonable method for formulating the effects of the friction forces in the bearings on the vibrations of the RBS.The results also demonstrate that the friction forces in the bearings can significantly affect the vibrations of the RBSs.

Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of ball bearing rotor system

Nonlinear forces and moments caused by ball bearing were calculated based on relationship of displacement and deflection and quasi-dynamic model of bearing.Five-DOF dynamic equations of rotor supported by ball bearings were estimated.The Newmark-β method and Newton-Laphson method were used to solve the equations.The dynamic characteristics of rotor system were studied through the time response,the phase portrait,the Poincar?maps and the bifurcation diagrams.The results show that the system goes through the quasi-periodic bifurcation route to chaos as rotate speed increases and there are several quasi-periodic regions and chaos regions.The amplitude decreases and the dynamic behaviors change as the axial load of ball bearing increases;the initial contact angle of ball bearing affects dynamic behaviors of the system obviously.The system can avoid non-periodic vibration by choosing structural parameters and operating parameters reasonably.

Vibration characteristics of rotor system with tilting-pad journal bearing of elastic and damped pivots

In view of an entire dynamic model of tilting-pad journal bearing(TPJB) in which the pads swing and vibrate along geometric direction of preload, a TPJB of elastic and damped pivots was designed and manufactured. Vibration experiments were carried out under the conditions of different rotor bending stiffness and oil supply pressure to find out the relationship between the new bearing's vibration depression effect and other dynamic parameters of the rotor. The result shows that critical amplitudes can be efficaciously reduced while system's stability can be remarkably improved by this bearing. Besides, the bearing's effect of vibration depression weakens as the rotor bending stiffness increases, but heightens it as the oil supply pressure increases.

Bifurcation of Periodic Motion of Rigid Rotor System Supported by Angular Contact Ball Bearings

Rotor systems supported by angular contact ball bearings are complicated due to nonlinear Hertzian contact force. In this paper, nonlinear bearing forces of ball bearing under five-dimensional loads are given, and 5-DOF dynamic equations of a rigid rotor ball bearing system are established. Continuation-shooting algorithm for periodic solutions of the nonlinear non-autonomous dynamic system and Floquet multipliers of the system are used. Furthermore, the bifurcation and stability of the periodic motion of the system in different parametric domains are also studied. Results show that the bifurcation and stability of period-1 motion vary with structural parameters and operating parameters of the rigid rotor ball bearing system. Avoidance of unbalanced force and bending moment, appropriate initial contact angle, axial load and damping factor help enhance the unstable rotating speed of period-1 motion.

Study of nonlinear dynamic characteristics of rotor-bearing systems

Based on the short-bearing model, the stability of a rigid Jeffcott rotor system is studied in a relatively wide parameter range by using Poincaré maps and the numerical integration method. The results of the calculation show that the period doubling bifurcation, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions may occur. In some typical parameter regions, the bifurcation diagrams, phase portrait, Poincaré maps and the frequency spectrums of the system are acquired with the numerical integration method. They demonstrate some motion state of the system. The fractal dimension concept is used to determine whether the system is in a state of chaotic motion. The analysis result of this paper provides the theoretical basis for qualitatively controlling the stable operating states of the rotors.

Research on dynamic model of rotors with bearing misalignment

Based on the structural and mechanics analysis of aero-engines rotor system, the dynamic model of the flexible rotor system with multi-supports are presented in order to solve the bearing misalignment problem of rotor system in aero-engines. The motion equations are derived through Lagrange method. The relationship between structural and mechanics characteristics parameters are built up. Finally, the dynamic influence of bearing misalignment on rotor system are divided into three kinds： additional rotor bending rigidity, additional bearing misalignment excitation force and additional imbalance. The equations suggest that additional imbalance excitation force activates the nonlinearity on rotor system and an additional 2x excitation force might appear.

气膜约束对轴系固有频率影响的试验

对10kg转子进行自由状态和有气膜约束两种状态下的试验模态分析,试验结果给出了转子平动、锥动和一阶弯曲时的固有频率及其振型等模态参数,分析了轴承供气压力变化对轴系固有频率的影响.进行了轴系升降速试验,结果表明:气膜约束下的模态分析结果比自由状态下的更接近于升降速试验的结果.试验结果为气体轴系固有频率的确定以及控制参数的选取提供了依据,也为下一步轴系振动控制奠定了基础.

On the optimization problem of model-based monitoring

Today there is a big interest in reducing the maintenance costs and in increasing the reliability of machines in continuous operation. Therefore, maintenance on condition is used. State-of-the-art is a trend analysis and a fault prediction made only based on sensor signals and stochastic methods. The identification possibilities of this technique are limited. A new concept for model-based monitoring has been developed for more detailed fault identification. The developed concept determines the condition of a machine after the occurrence of a fault. The concept is based on a simulation including various faults and an optimization tool. The development of a cost function and the optimization is one of the challenges of such a concept. Using an AMB rotor system with an auxiliary bearing, the new concept of model-based monitoring is investigated using experiments and the optimization is discussed in this paper.