CVDA序贯采样法在全铝车架轻量化设计上的应用

在铝合金车架的轻量优化设计中,通常建立近似模型代替有限元模型,以减少计算量。为进一步提高计算效率,用较少的样本点建立高精度近似模型,提出了一种改进的序贯采样方法—CVDA法,并通过一个算例将其与现有的3种采样方法(OLHD、MDA和CVA)进行对比。结果表明,在样本点数量均为21个的情况下,采用CVDA法采样建立近似模型的预测精度比另3种采样方法建立的近似模型分别高出11.1%,11.1%和30.3%,R^2值达到了0.95。将CVDA法运用到全铝车架弯扭刚度和弯扭模态工况的近似模型建立中,在相同数量的样本点下,采用CVDA法采样建立的近似模型,其预测精度明显高于其余方法。在此基础上对铝合金车架进行轻量优化,结果弯曲刚度、扭转刚度、1阶弯曲模态频率和1阶扭转模态频率分别提升了2.54%,3.38%,0.68%和2.75%,质量减轻7.47 kg,减重率达7.20%,优化效果明显。

基于PLC的轻量型DCS系统设计应用研究

DCS相比PLC在功能、系统稳定性和数据安全上都有绝对优势,其劣势成本比较高。故DCS多应用在规模较大的项目。为了让规模较小的项目也能实现DCS的优点,本文提供一种基于PLC搭建DCS架构的设计方法——SmartDCS(轻量型DCS系统)。分别介绍了结构设计、控制模块、设备模块、流程设计、界面设计。SmartDCS的应用使规模较小的项目不仅成本可控,也可以获得大部分DCS的优点。

基于用户体验理念下的医疗便携设备的设计与思考

伴随科技的不断进步,医疗设备也进入了数字化,信息化的时代。由于其本身复杂的操作程序及笨重的体感往往使医生在处理病患时无法进行跟踪检测及治疗,以致在病人送往检测及治疗时将最宝贵的抢救时间耽搁在救治途中。如病人在使用器械检测及治疗时对器械的不熟悉极易产生陌生感,从而情绪产生影响。因而无法直观的获取自身的身体状况,进而间接获取病情后容易致使医患关系恶劣。又如医用器械的复杂性及不便携性,增加了救治时直接作用于病患病处的有效时间等。本文试图以用户体验的相关理念为指导将其引入医疗设备中,以减轻设备体量感,增加便携性为主要目的。同时注重病患在检测治疗中的直观认知感及体验感。减少机器的冰冷感及消极心态。提供实时检测与治疗,赢得医学上的黄金时间,切实为病患赢得抢救时间。

Lightweight design of 45000r/min spindle using full factorial design and extreme vertices design methods

Factors for determining the spindle size are the shaft diameter, positions of bearing and motor, and entire length of the spindle. Then, it is important to find the assembling of the optimal design variables, which satisfy the stiffimss and rotational speed required to the spindle. A general full factorial design method was used to verify some factors that affect the natural frequency of a spindle. It is verified that the shorter shaft length and bearing span length represent the higher natural frequency, and there are some effects according to the change in the levels of factors. The detailed spindle dimension is determined by applying an EVD method, which can define the optimal bearing position through considering the limiting condition. Based on the estimated regression model, the optimal spindle size and bearing distance that can improve the primary natural frequency are obtained, and the influence of design factors on the natural frequency is also analyzed.

Lightweight design of automotive front crossbeam assembly

This paper reviews the development course of the front crossbeam assembly for a self-owned brand vehicle model based on lightweight and passive safety performance. Combining with an A00 model variant, the paper details the design of extruded aluminum-alloy front crossbeam assembly from the perspectives of optimal design, performance verifi- cation, lightweight effect and cost control. The following results in the technical and engineering applications have been achieved. The weight of the developed aluminum-alloy crossbeam can be reduced by 51%. The simulated analysis of the collision rigid wall, the 40 % offset hammering as well as the static crush test of energy-absorbing box show that af- ter reasonable materials matching and size optimization of the crossbeam and the energy-absorbing boxes, the level of crash safety can be improved. The price of aluminum-alloy front crossbeam can be lowered by using the extruding die in- stead of the stamping die to reduce the die cost-sharing.

Development of Light Weight Structures to Provide Blast-Resistant Designs

In the past, blast-resistant designs for structures were often constructed with massive type structural systems, which relied more on brute strength than on finesse to achieve the required blast resistance. However, structures composed of COLD-FORMED steel components, such as sheet metal and metal studs, have shown great promise in providing blast resistance with the added benefits of low cost and ease of construction. Some examples of using such structures to provide containment for package handling facilities (PHF) are described in the paper for situations where blast containment is needed, such as a potential package bomb being discovered during the package vetting process. Results from tests and analytic data are used to illustrate aspects of design peculiar to such types of applications. Designs for specific capacities of PHF are described.

Simulation about hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel on the basis of lightweight technology

With the development of automobile lightweight,it is very necessary to apply the ultra-high strength steel parts manufactured by hot stamping,which offers the possibility to reduce the weight of automobiles and maintain the safety requirement.In order to complete hot stamping,it is important to design the structure of parts reasonably,which is related with reasonable matching of strength.The objective of this paper is to guide the design of parts manufactured by hot stamping and find the forming technical requirements of vehicle performance.Through experiments,the paper obtains the stress and strain curves at different deformation temperatures and strain rates.Based on experimental data, the constitutive relationship model is established which can reflect the deformation capacity of ultra-high strength steel during the process of hot stamping.Combined with finite element simulation results of hot stamping by commercial software AUTOFORM,transfer path of load and matching law of strength,the paper determines the design criteria and forming technical requirements of parts manufactured by hot stamping.At the same time,the impact performance of front cross member internal plate is taken into consideration.

Light weight replacement and the optimization design of bumper beam based on crash safety

Bumper beam is one of the key structural parts,which plays an important role in the frontal crashes of automobile.With the global trend of light-weighted automotive parts,the light weight of bumper beam attracts extensive attention of automobile manufacturers,and hot stamping technology with significant weight advantage has become one of the main light weight measures for bumper beam.The quasi-static press,low speed crash and frontal crash simulation models of bumper beam were established according to its actual working conditions in the automobile crashes.The feasibility of replacing normal steel bumper beam with hot stamping bumper beam was analyzed.Meanwhile,the stiffeners in the front face of hot stamping bumper beam were optimized with topography optimization in order to further improve its performances.

Structural bionic design for high-speed machine tool working table based on distribution rules of leaf veins

High-speed machine tool working table restrains the machining accuracy and machining efficiency,so lightweight design of the table is an important issue.In nature,leaf has developed a plate structure that maximizes the surface-to-volume ratio.It can be seen as a plate structure stiffened by veins.Compared with a high-speed machine tool working table,leaf veins play a role of supporting part which is similar to that of stiffening ribs,and they can provide some new design ideas for lightweight design of the table.In this paper,distribution rules of leaf veins were investigated,and a structural bionic design for the table was achieved based on regulation of leaf veins.First,statistical analysis on geometric structure of leaf veins was carried out,and four distribution rules were obtained.Then,relevant mechanical models were developed and analyzed in finite element software.Based on the results from mechanical analysis on those relevant models,the four distribution rules were translated into the design rules and a structural bionic design for the working table was achieved.Both simulation and experimental verifications were carried out,and results showed that the average displacement of the working table was reduced by about 33.9%.

Design of a compact athermalized infrared seeker

In order to meet the application requirement of a certain long wavelength infrared （LWIR） seeker, a small volume, light weight and passively athermalized infrared OR） objective is designed in this paper. The two-lens telephoto struc- ture is adopted by merely using aluminum alloy as the housing material. By balancing the thermo-optical coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient of materials, an athermalized IR seeker with effective focal length of 90 mm and F number of 1.2 is achieved. The whole optical length is 75 ram, and the weight is only 234 g. The objective can remain fine imaging quality under temperature range from -40 ℃ to 60 ℃, which is beneficial to the lightweight design oflR seekers.

RECTANGLE: a bit-slice lightweight block cipher suitable for multiple platforms

In this paper, we propose a new lightweight block cipher named RECTANGLE. The main idea of the design of RECTANGLE is to allow lightweight and fast implementations using bit-slice techniques. RECTANGLE uses an SP-network. The substitution layer consists of 16 4 × 4 S-boxes in parallel. The permutation layer is composed of 3 rotations. As shown in this paper, RECTANGLE offers great performance in both hardware and software environment, which provides enough flexibility for different application scenario. The following are3 main advantages of RECTANGLE. First, RECTANGLE is extremely hardware-friendly. For the 80-bit key version, a one-cycle-per-round parallel implementation only needs 1600 gates for a throughput of 246 Kbits/s at100 k Hz clock and an energy efficiency of 3.0 p J/bit. Second, RECTANGLE achieves a very competitive software speed among the existing lightweight block ciphers due to its bit-slice style. Using 128-bit SSE instructions,a bit-slice implementation of RECTANGLE reaches an average encryption speed of about 3.9 cycles/byte for messages around 3000 bytes. Last but not least, we propose new design criteria for the RECTANGLE S-box.Due to our careful selection of the S-box and the asymmetric design of the permutation layer, RECTANGLE achieves a very good security-performance tradeoff. Our extensive and deep security analysis shows that the highest number of rounds that we can attack, is 18(out of 25).