生物性骨载体的制备

对生物性骨载体 (Biological Bone Carrier,BBC)的制备方法、成分分析、动物体内植入试验、生物力学强度、超微结构、交叉抗原性、临床应用等一系列研究做了详尽的报道 ,阐述了为尽量降低 BBC抗原性而采取综合处理方法的合理性 ,并分析归纳出 BBC作为骨替代材料的优点 :(1)良好的生物相容性 ;(2 )合适的力学强度 ;(3)天然的多孔结构和合适的孔隙率 ;(4)能为宿主吸收替代 ;(5 )来源广泛 ,加工贮存方便 ;(6 )吸附 BMP后同时发挥骨诱导和骨传导作用。

生物性骨载体修复股骨长段缺损

骨干长段缺损的修复是骨科临床的难题之一。人骨生物性骨载体（ＢＢＣ）属同种生物源性材料，组织相容性好，又具有骨的成份、结构和相似的生物力学强度，植入后能很快与人体组织建立血运，由植入时的无活力状态变成具有正常代谢的骨组织，是修复骨干长段缺损理想的替代材料之一。应用ＢＢＣ修复股骨长段缺损２例，缺损长度分别为１３ｃｍ和１１ｃｍ，随访２～３年，植入的ＢＢＣ已与原股骨呈骨性连接，具有正常骨的代谢和密度，效果满意。

负载钒基催化剂在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中催化性能的研究进展

丙烷氧化脱氢(ODPH)制丙烯是一种利用廉价低碳烷烃制备高附加值烯烃的重要途径。对于该反应体系,负载型钒基催化剂是目前公认的具有良好催化活性的催化剂之一。介绍了钒基催化剂的相关研究及ODPH反应机理,综述了载体的表面酸碱性质、孔道结构和形貌特征以及三种不同类型的金属添加剂对负载型钒基催化剂的催化活性和选择性的影响,为从催化剂设计的角度改进钒基催化剂的催化性能提供了借鉴。

BBC/BMG修复长段骨缺损的实验研究

目的探讨骨基质明胶(bonematrixgelation,BMG)结合生物性骨载体(biologicalbonecarrier,BBC)修复长段骨缺损的能力。方法选日本大耳白兔30只,经手术锯除方法制成左侧桡骨中上段20mm骨缺损的动物实验模型,随机分成三组:实验组、对照组及空白组。实验组植入BBC及细条状BMG62mg,BMG置于管状BBC四周。对照组植入20mm长的管状深低温冰冻保存的同种异体骨段。空白组不做任何处理。术后2周、4周、8周及12周摄X线片观察各组不同时期骨痂生长情况及植入材料的成骨愈合情况。手术后8周、12周处死实验组及对照组动物各5只,进行大体形态学观察,结合X片表现了解骨愈合情况。结果X线检查结果:实验组术后2周,植入材料与宿主骨接触面有呈云雾状骨痂生长,BBC周围也见片状的云雾形骨痂。术后4周,植入材料界面及周围骨痂生长活跃,植入材料与宿主骨接触面已模糊。术后8、12周植入材料已同宿主骨融合在一起,界面间隙消失,骨痂开始吸收减少、密度降低。对照组术后2周,植入材料与宿主骨接触面仅见淡的云雾状骨痂生长,界面清楚,植入材料周围未见骨痂生长。术后4周,植入材料界面周围骨痂生长活跃,界面模糊。术后8、12周植入材料与宿主骨融合在一起,界面消失,骨痂吸收减少,密度降低接近宿主骨。空白组术后4、8、12周拍摄X片,骨缺损两端断面只见少量三角形骨痂生长,骨缺损未能愈合。大体形态学观察:实验组术后8周及12周的大体标本可见植入材料与宿主骨界面紧密连接,周围有大量骨痂包绕。植入材料段施加成角应力,界面无松动或移位。对照组术后8周及12周的大体标本可见植入材料与宿主骨界面融合成一整体,植入材料颜色与宿主骨颜色基本一致。施予应力,界面未见松动或移位。空白组术后12周的大体标本缺损区仅见肉芽组织填充,缺损明显存在。结论生物性骨载体具有抗原性低、组织相容性好、有适宜的孔径及孔隙率。BBC结合BMG作为材料在修复长段骨缺损时,能发挥传导成骨及诱导成骨的双重作用,修复效果满意,可作为修复长段骨缺损的新型材料。

Development of a Thermal Fogger-specific Sedimentation Stabilizer

In order to solve the drifting away of thermal fog droplets during thermal spraying and the incompatibility between fog droplet carrier and conventional com- mercial agro-chemicals, the fog droplet carrier, surfactant, condensation nucleus ma- terial and antifreeze, dispersant, thickener and defoamer were screened and assem- bled to develop a thermal fog sedimentation stabilizer in this study, thereby provid- ing technical support for application and promotion of thermal spraying technology in pest and disease control in crops.

ON THE DIFFERENCES OF THE NATURES OF AUPOINTS AND CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES

The acupoints and Chinese herbal medicines are quite different in their natures. In the present paper, the authors expound the differences of the natures between the acupoints and Chinese herbal medicines from a） substance carriers, b） the underlying mechanism in actions, and c） individual characteristics, etc..

Gold stabilized on various oxide supports catalyzing formaldehyde oxidation at room temperature

Gold stabilized on reducible oxide （CeO2 and FeOx） and irreducible oxide （γ‐Al2O3, SiO2, and HZSM‐5） were prepared by deposition precipitation method and tested for catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde （HCHO） at room temperature under high GHSV of 600000 ml/（g＆#183;s）. Au/γ‐Al2O3 cata‐lyst showed distinctive catalytic performance, presenting the highest initial HCHO conversion and stability. Correlating the reaction rate with Au particle size, there is a linear relationship, suggesting that the smaller Au particle size with higher dispersion possesses high reactivity for HCHO oxida‐tion. All the catalysts deactivated at high GHSV （600000 ml/（g＆#183;s））, but in a quite different rate. Re‐ducible oxide （CeO2 and FeOx） could stabilize gold through O linkage and therefore exhibits a better stability for HCHO oxidation reaction. However, the aggregation of gold particles occurred over Au/SiO2 and Au/HZSM‐5 catalysts, which result in the fast deactivation. Therefore, our results sug‐gest that the reducibility of the supports for Au catalysis has no direct influence on the activity, but affects the catalytic stability.

Nature of active phase of VO_x catalysts supported on SiBeta for direct dehydrogenation of propane to propylene

The VOx catalysts supported on dealuminated Beta zeolite(Si Beta) with varying V loadings(from 0.5 to 10 wt%) are prepared and tested for their catalytic activities in the reaction of direct dehydrogenation of propane to propylene(PDH). It is characterized that the VSi Beta catalysts possess different kinds of vanadium species on the Si Beta support, including monomeric or isolated VOx species at a low V loading, and polynuclear VOx species in different polymerization degrees at higher V loadings. The 3 VSi Beta catalyst(V loading is 3 wt%), containing isolated VOx species in monolayer, shows around 40% of propane conversion with 90% of propylene selectivity(reaction conditions: 600 o C, 4000 m L g–1 h–1) which are comparable to VSi Beta catalysts with higher V loadings. The catalytic activity exhibits a good linear relationship with the amount of generated acidic sites, which are derived from the interaction sites between VOx species and Si Beta support, and keeps stable after several regeneration cycles. Thus, as the VOx species directly contact with Si Beta support via V–O–Si bonds, a reactivity enhancement can be achieved. While, the initial valence state of V does not seem to influence the catalytic performance. Moreover, the aggregation degree of VOx species determines the propylene selectivity and deactivation rate, both of which increase as raising the V loading amount.

Superparticles Formed by Amphiphilic Tadpole-like Single Chain Polymeric Nanoparticles and Their Application as an Ultrasonic Responsive Drug Carrier

Herein, we report self-assembly of tadpole-like single chain polymeric nanoparticles （TPPs） and the ultrasonic response of the resultant superparticles. The TPPs are with an intramolecularly crosslinked poly（2-（methacryloyloxy）ethyl pent-4-ynoate）-rpoly（hydroxyethyl methacrylate） （PMAEP-r-PHEMA） chain as the ＂head＂ and a poly（2- （dimethylamino）ethyl methacrylate （PDMAEMA） linear chain as the ＂tail＂, and are pre- pared simply and emciently by Glaser-coupling of the pendant alkynes in the PMAEP-r- PHEMA block in the common solvent methanol. The formation of the TPPs was confirmed by gel permeation chromatograph, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, static dynamic scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. In aqueous solution, the amphiphilic TPPs could self-assemble into regular superparticles, driven by aggregation of the hydrophobic ＂heads＂. Since in the structure there is no chain entanglement and the embedding of PDMAEMA chains disturb close-packing of the ＂heads＂, the superpartieles are responsive to a low-energy ultrasonic vibration, as evidenced by greatly enhanced release of the functional molecules from the superparticles by treatment of a low-energy ultrasound. Therefore, the superparticles should be very promising in the use as the drug carriers that can be manipulated from a long distance, considering that ultrasonic energy can be focused at a small area in a relatively long distance from the ultrasound-radiating source.

Synthesis and Characterization of Suspension Polymerized Styrene-Divinylbenzene Porous Microsphere Using as Slow-Release-Active Carrier

Functional porous microspheres used for the slow release carrier of actives in cosmetics or pharmaceuticals were prepared by modified suspension polymerization of styrene （ST） with divinylbenzene （DVB） in the presence of toluene, cyclohexanol and heptane as porogenic diluents. The use of ultrasonic dispersion decreases the beads＇ size and improves the uniformity. The effects of the porogen mixture, DVB content and solvent extraction on the surface performance of the synthesized beads were studied. The microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and BET surface area determination. It was found that a great proportion of the non-solvating porogen increases the pore diameter and the specific surface area. High DVB concentration also results in the great specific surface area and porosity. When the ratio of toluene/cyclohexanol is 1：2, DVB content is at the range of 40%-60% and methylene chloride was used as extractant, the beads with good spherical shape and pore size were obtained. The prepared porous microspheres were applied as active carriers and showed satisfactory slow release effect. Over 10h constantly sustained release was observed in vitro releasing test for hydroquinone-loaded microspheres. Great surface area promoted high concentration of released hydroquinone.

裂解汽油一段加氢贵金属催化剂载体的选择及其物性的要求

载体的选择及其物性的要求,载体在催化剂在方面载的作用,选择适宜的载体是确保催化性能的关键,具有的比表面积能使活性组分得以较高的分散,载体的主要物性要求载体的孔结构能提供尽可能大的反应接触面积,提高活性组分的分散度。小孔径,有利于催化剂的初活性和容纳更多的金属,用于载体在催化剂在方面裂解汽油段加氢的新型贵金属催化剂的制备。

Application of polypropylene biofilm carrier modified by biocompatible, hydrophlic and magnetic additives to aerobic process

The designed new-type polypropylene biomass carrier/packing was modified by biocompatible, hydrophilic and magnetic additives and further charged with a permanent magnet （〈5.0×10^-3 Tesla）. The cartier was applied to biological contact-oxidation of synthesized wastewater. The results showed that the surface contact angle of modified carrier was reduced 22%, and the adsorbed water content increased by 300%-500%. The period of biofilm formation reduced from 7-9 days to 3-4 days after modification and magnetization. The hiodegradation process was reduced from 22.5 h to 10.5 h for completely removal of 500 mg/L CODcr by using the modified carrier. When operating in continuous mode, the modified carrier can reach a maximum CODa removal rate of 99% at the air-water ration of 40：1, while the original polypropylene packing may only achieve the maximum degradation efficiency of 79% at the gas-water ratio of 30：1.

Porous polymer supported palladium catalyst for cross coupling reactions with high activity and recyclability

Porous polymer supported palladium catalyst for cross coupling reactions with high activity has been successfully prepared by coordination of Pd 2+ species with Schiff bases functionalized porous polymer. The catalyst has been systemically investi-gated by a series of characterizations such as TEM, N 2 adsorption, NMR, IR, XPS, etc. TEM and N 2 isotherms show that the sample maintains the nanoporous structure after the modification and coordination. XPS results show that chemical state of palladium species in the catalyst is mainly +2. More importantly, the catalyst shows very high activities and excellent recycla-bility in a series of coupling reactions including Suzuki, Sonogashira, and Heck reactions. Hot filtration and poison of catalysts experiments have also been performed and the results indicate that soluble active species (mainly Pd(0) species) in-situ gener-ated from the catalyst under the reaction conditions are the active intermediates, which would redeposit to the supporter after the reactions.

Viral infection of tobacco plants improves performance of Bemisia tabaci but more so for an invasive than for an indigenous biotype of the whitefly

The ecological effects of plant-virus-vector interactions on invasion of alien plant viral vectors have been rarely investigated. We examined the transmission of Tomato yellow leaf cur/China virus （TYLCCNV） by the invasive Q biotype and the indigenous ZHJ2 biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, a plant viral vector, as well as the influence of TYLCCNV-infection of plants on the performance of the two whitefly biotypes. Both whitefly biotypes were able to acquire viruses from infected plants and retained them in their bodies, but were unable to transmit them to either tobacco or tomato plants. However, when the Q biotype fed on tobacco plants infected with TYLCCNV, its fecundity and longevity were increased by 7- and 1-fold, respectively, compared to those of the Q biotype fed on uninfected tobacco plants. When the ZHJ2 biotype fed on virus-infected plants, its fecundity and longevity were increased by only 2- and 0.5-fold, respectively. These data show that the Q biotype acquired higher beneficial effects from TYLCCNV-infection of tobacco plants than the ZHJ2 biotype. Thus, the Q biotype whitefly may have advantages in its invasion and displacement of the indigenous ZHJ2 biotype.