爆轰马赫波载荷特性及传播规律实验研究

利用相同装药品号 ,相同装药密度 ,不同装药直径 ,不同装药高度的园柱形装药 ,端面两点对称布置 ,同时起爆情况下的紫铜平板药型罩压痕实验 ,及对实验结果的数据处理 。

超深层碳酸盐岩储层孔隙弹性动力学起裂规律

深层碳酸盐岩储层天然裂缝发育,为保证井壁不被压裂而引发严重漏失,必须明确地层的起裂规律。采用孔隙弹性动力学方法,考虑钻进过程中井壁上的载荷变化和地层中的流体流动,得到井眼周围的应力场变化。与传统计算模型相比,模型考虑了应力场的时变特性、井壁载荷的传播、流固耦合以及流体和固体惯性的影响。以一组深层井参数为例,求解井周应力场,分析发现得到的井周应力分布与弹塑性力学规律相同;但随着井壁载荷以弹性波形式向地层内传播,孔隙弹性动力学得到的井周应力场随时间迅速变化,在无因次时间t=100 (2.87 ms)之后趋于稳定。分析了井壁对不同井底压力的起裂响应,发现当井底压力达到135 MPa,井壁在t=105 (3.01 ms)时起裂;弹性模量对井壁的起裂影响很小,泊松比对起裂的时间和范围有较大的影响,随着泊松比的增大,井壁对井底压力的起裂响应更加迅速,且起裂的区域范围增大。

Mesh Size Effect in Numerical Simulation of Blast Wave Propagation and Interaction with Structures

Numerical method is popular in analysing the blast wave propagation and interaction with structures.However,because of the extremely short duration of blast wave and energy trans-mission between different grids,the numerical results are sensitive to the finite element mesh size.Previous numerical simulations show that a mesh size acceptable to one blast scenario might not be proper for another case,even though the difference between the two scenarios is very small,indicating a simple numerical mesh size convergence test might not be enough to guarantee accu-rate numerical results.Therefore,both coarse mesh and fine mesh were used in different blast scenarios to investigate the mesh size effect on numerical results of blast wave propagation and interaction with structures.Based on the numerical results and their comparison with field test re-sults and the design charts in TM5-1300,a numerical modification method was proposed to correct the influence of the mesh size on the simulated results.It can be easily used to improve the accu-racy of the numerical results of blast wave propagation and blast loads on structures.

Cracks coalescence mechanism and cracks propagation paths in rock-like specimens containing pre-existing random cracks under compression

The mechanism of cracks propagation and cracks coalescence due to compressive loading of the brittle substances containing pre-existing cracks （flaws） was modeled experimentally using specially made rock-like specimens from Portland Pozzolana Cement （PPC）. The breakage process of the specimens was studied by inserting single and double flaws with different inclination angles at the center and applying uniaxial compressive stress at both ends of the specimen. The first crack was oriented at 50＆#176; from the horizontal direction and kept constant throughout the analysis while the orientation of the second crack was changed. It is experimentally observed that the wing cracks are produced at the first stage of loading and start their propagation toward the direction of uniaxial compressive loading. The secondary cracks may also be produced in form of quasi-coplanar and/or oblique cracks in a stable manner. The secondary cracks may eventually continue their propagation in the direction of maximum principle stress. These experimental works were also simulated numerically by a modified higher order displacement discontinuity method and the cracks propagation and cracks coalescence were studied based on Mode I and Mode II stress intensity factors （SIFs）. It is concluded that the wing cracks initiation stresses for the specimens change from 11.3 to 14.1 MPain the case of numerical simulations and from 7.3 to 13.8 MPa in the case of experimental works. It is observed that cracks coalescence stresses change from 21.8 to 25.3 MPa and from 19.5 to 21.8 MPa in the numerical and experimental analyses, respectively. Comparing some of the numerical and experimental results with those recently cited in the literature validates the results obtained by the proposed study. Finally, a numerical simulation was accomplished to study the effect of confining pressure on the crack propagation process, showing that the SIFs increase and the crack initiation angles change in this case.

Study on the propagation of coupling shock waves with phase transition under combined tension-torsion impact loading

Phase transition can strongly change the stress wave propagation features. In this paper, the characteristic wave propagation under combined tension and torsion impact loading was studied with a simplified constitutive model of phase transition considering both pressure and shear stress. The results showed that for loading from the austenitic phase to the mixed phase, the wave propagation was similar to that in the elasto-plastic materials. However, for an instantaneous loading from the austenitic phase or mixed phase directly to the martensitic phase, a coupling shock wave(CSHW) with phase transition was predicted due to the second phase strengthening effect, which has barely been studied before. Through analysis of the constitutive equations with phase transition and the discontinuity conditions of shock waves, the control equations of the generalized Hugoniot curve was obtained and the CSHW problem with phase transition was solved analytically. An independent numerical simulation of step loading along a NiTi thin walled tube suffering a combined tension-torsion impact loading was given to prove the existence of CSHW. The simulation discloses the formation mechanism of CSHW and the adjusting process of the stress state ahead of CSHW, which reflects the intrinsic characteristic of materials with strong nonlinear constitutive behavior.