In this paper, primary manufacturing and assembling errors of three-ring gear reducer （TRGR） are analyzed. TRGR is a new transmission type whose eccentric phase difference between middle ring plate and side ring pla...In this paper, primary manufacturing and assembling errors of three-ring gear reducer （TRGR） are analyzed. TRGR is a new transmission type whose eccentric phase difference between middle ring plate and side ring plates is 120°, Its mass of middle ring plate is equal to that of side ring plate or 180°, and its inass of middle ring plate is twice of that of side ring plate, which affects load distribution between ring plates. The primary manufacturing and assembling errors include eccentric error of eccentric sheath E111, internal gear plate E1 and output external gear E11. A new theoretical method is presented in this paper, which converts load on ring plates into the dedendum bending stress of ring plate to calculate load distribution coefficient （ LDC ）, by means of gap element method （GEM）, one of finite element method （FEM）. The theoretical calculation and experimental study, which measures ring plate dedendum bending stress by means of sticking strain gauges on the dedendum of middle ring plate internal gear and side ring plate internal gears, are presented. The theoretical calculation and comparison with experiment result of LDC are implemented an two kinds of three-ring gear reducers whose eccentric phase difference between eccentric sheaths is 120° and 180°respectively. The research indicates that the result of theoretical calculation is consistent with that of experimental study. That is to say, the theoretical calculation method is feasible.展开更多
The pile working load depends on the imperfections which may be taken place in pile-soil system, during pile construction, among many other factors. This subject attracted the researcher＇s attention world wide in the...The pile working load depends on the imperfections which may be taken place in pile-soil system, during pile construction, among many other factors. This subject attracted the researcher＇s attention world wide in the last decades. Types of imperfections either geotechnical or structural are documented in literature and well explained. Nevertheless, the influence of these imperfections in pile load calculations is still ambiguous. The work presented herein is devoted to study soil disturbance during construction of piles using continuous flight auger, CFA. The study of soil disturbance due to drilling needs some evidence. The source of this evidence is field observations collected from four different construction sites, which are documented in this paper. The study concluded that the disturbed zone of soil by CFA has a conical shape and extending laterally to a distance equivalent to ten times of the pile diameter around the auger at the cutting bits and has an inclined surface of4：1 （vertical ： horizontal）. Furthermore excess pore water pressure was induced in soil in the vicinity of pile drilling. Due to this excess pore water pressure, 3.5% to 6.5% of piles constructed by CFA showed percolation of water from the top of the piles through fresh concrete. Also, subsidence of fresh concrete in pile hole was recorded in few of the constructed piles. Pile loading tests showed that the percolation of water and/or subsidence of fresh concrete have not appreciable influence on the load-displacement characteristics of the piles. Moreover, percolation of water at pile heads.展开更多
地下工程围岩承受载荷的形式为真三轴卸–加载后的扰动载荷,在频繁扰动载荷作用下围岩易出现物理力学性能劣化,进而诱发岩爆等工程灾害。基于地下工程围岩复杂受力环境,利用自制的岩石真三轴扰动诱变试验系统,开展复杂真三轴预应力路径...地下工程围岩承受载荷的形式为真三轴卸–加载后的扰动载荷,在频繁扰动载荷作用下围岩易出现物理力学性能劣化,进而诱发岩爆等工程灾害。基于地下工程围岩复杂受力环境,利用自制的岩石真三轴扰动诱变试验系统,开展复杂真三轴预应力路径和局部异源扰动载荷作用下花岗岩破裂试验。试验结果表明,在特定的应力状态下,在较大幅值的局部异源扰动载荷下花岗岩发生剧烈破坏,破裂模式为劈裂拉伸破坏。利用PFC3D精确再现室内试验并研究岩石扰动破裂的微观机制,研究结果表明:岩石内部的颗粒黏结从扰动载荷作用处开始破坏,当扰动载荷的幅值为150,200,250 k N时,破坏颗粒黏结数趋于稳定,最终岩石未发生整体破坏;但扰动载荷幅值等于300 k N时,破坏黏结数从施加扰动载荷位置扩散至试件整体,岩石扰动破坏由剪切破坏逐渐转变为拉伸破坏,最后发生试件整体破坏,室内试验与数值模拟结果相一致。展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.59575007).
文摘In this paper, primary manufacturing and assembling errors of three-ring gear reducer （TRGR） are analyzed. TRGR is a new transmission type whose eccentric phase difference between middle ring plate and side ring plates is 120°, Its mass of middle ring plate is equal to that of side ring plate or 180°, and its inass of middle ring plate is twice of that of side ring plate, which affects load distribution between ring plates. The primary manufacturing and assembling errors include eccentric error of eccentric sheath E111, internal gear plate E1 and output external gear E11. A new theoretical method is presented in this paper, which converts load on ring plates into the dedendum bending stress of ring plate to calculate load distribution coefficient （ LDC ）, by means of gap element method （GEM）, one of finite element method （FEM）. The theoretical calculation and experimental study, which measures ring plate dedendum bending stress by means of sticking strain gauges on the dedendum of middle ring plate internal gear and side ring plate internal gears, are presented. The theoretical calculation and comparison with experiment result of LDC are implemented an two kinds of three-ring gear reducers whose eccentric phase difference between eccentric sheaths is 120° and 180°respectively. The research indicates that the result of theoretical calculation is consistent with that of experimental study. That is to say, the theoretical calculation method is feasible.
文摘The pile working load depends on the imperfections which may be taken place in pile-soil system, during pile construction, among many other factors. This subject attracted the researcher＇s attention world wide in the last decades. Types of imperfections either geotechnical or structural are documented in literature and well explained. Nevertheless, the influence of these imperfections in pile load calculations is still ambiguous. The work presented herein is devoted to study soil disturbance during construction of piles using continuous flight auger, CFA. The study of soil disturbance due to drilling needs some evidence. The source of this evidence is field observations collected from four different construction sites, which are documented in this paper. The study concluded that the disturbed zone of soil by CFA has a conical shape and extending laterally to a distance equivalent to ten times of the pile diameter around the auger at the cutting bits and has an inclined surface of4：1 （vertical ： horizontal）. Furthermore excess pore water pressure was induced in soil in the vicinity of pile drilling. Due to this excess pore water pressure, 3.5% to 6.5% of piles constructed by CFA showed percolation of water from the top of the piles through fresh concrete. Also, subsidence of fresh concrete in pile hole was recorded in few of the constructed piles. Pile loading tests showed that the percolation of water and/or subsidence of fresh concrete have not appreciable influence on the load-displacement characteristics of the piles. Moreover, percolation of water at pile heads.
文摘地下工程围岩承受载荷的形式为真三轴卸–加载后的扰动载荷,在频繁扰动载荷作用下围岩易出现物理力学性能劣化,进而诱发岩爆等工程灾害。基于地下工程围岩复杂受力环境,利用自制的岩石真三轴扰动诱变试验系统,开展复杂真三轴预应力路径和局部异源扰动载荷作用下花岗岩破裂试验。试验结果表明,在特定的应力状态下,在较大幅值的局部异源扰动载荷下花岗岩发生剧烈破坏,破裂模式为劈裂拉伸破坏。利用PFC3D精确再现室内试验并研究岩石扰动破裂的微观机制,研究结果表明:岩石内部的颗粒黏结从扰动载荷作用处开始破坏,当扰动载荷的幅值为150,200,250 k N时,破坏颗粒黏结数趋于稳定,最终岩石未发生整体破坏;但扰动载荷幅值等于300 k N时,破坏黏结数从施加扰动载荷位置扩散至试件整体,岩石扰动破坏由剪切破坏逐渐转变为拉伸破坏,最后发生试件整体破坏,室内试验与数值模拟结果相一致。
