建构主义框架下大学生机辅性英语自主学习行径研究

机辅性英语自主学习是形成个性化学习、培养自主学习能力的有效途径,如何应用其进行有效的教学辅助与促进教学改革是当前英语教学研究的一个新问题。文章以建构主义教学理论为视角,针对某些高校内自主学习现存的一些问题,探究英语网络环境下,大学生机辅性自主学习行径及学习过程中自我感知效能培养途径,旨在充分地利用多媒体技术,探索和构建基于英语学习网络的大学英语自主学习模式的全过程,同时为教师帮助学生促进自主学习和提高学习成效提出一些建议。

警犬追踪训与用的互辅性

一、追踪训练与使用存在的差距(一)环境差距．目前，追踪训练多在清静环境中进行。虽然，在本科目形成条件反射后也逐步向复杂环境过渡，但环境的复杂程度和现场使用还相去甚远。如中心现场在村落或市内住宅区的环境，由于犬在训练时较少接触，所以作业便受各种因素(如人、车、畜、异味等)的影响很大，发挥作用很小。

挖掘实验室潜力 开设实用性辅修课

我校是一所地方性师范专科学校,担负着为本地区培养合格初中教师的任务。随着工农业生产和社会主义市场经济的发展,我们体会到,毕业生在质量上难以适应社会的需要,他们的知识面较窄,实践能力较弱。为此,我系经过几年来的摸索,在改革过去单一的教学模式的基础上,充分利用实验室潜力,开设实用性辅修课。其指导思想是。

克服全球化弊病的辅从性原则

全球化模式强调生产分工、比较优势、出口导向的经济增长、单一作物种植和在全球公司体制的主导下的经济、政治和文化形式的同质化。辅从性（subsidiarity）则强调只要有机会，就要选择本土。在实践上，辅从性的意思是，任何决定应该由级别尽可能低的能胜任的治理机构做出。全球健康危机和全球污染问题经常要求通过国际合作作出决定。但是，大多数经济、文化和政治决定不是国际性的，能够根据议题的性质在国家、地区和地方层次做出。应该鼓励全球权力向下而不是向上发展。

冯友兰人性论浅议

冯友兰以逻辑分析方法论证人性先天性,在中国伦理思想史上首次提出人性正性、辅性和无干性三分法,认为人之性彻头彻尾善,主张人性的善源自人之正性,人性的恶来自人之辅性,将人性本质规定为可兼道德的理性。冯友兰的人性论丰富和发展了我国人性论思想,对后人讨论人性问题具有方法论意义。

Fabrication and anti-corrosion performance of superhydrophobic silane film on sintered NdFeB

An eco-friendly superhydrophobic protective film(DTMS/TEOS silane film)was fabricated on sintered NdFeB substrate through the utilization of electrochemically assisted deposition technology.The structure,properties,and film-forming mechanism of dodecyltrime-thoxysilane(DTMS)/tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)silane films were comprehensively analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).Based on the test results,it can be determined that this film has a superhydrophobic property with a hydrophobicity angle of 152°.This special property can be attributed to the long alkyl chains in the DTMS molecule,the rough morphology,and the low surface energy of the DTMS/TEOS silane film.The surface of sintered NdFeB is coated with a layered three-dimensional network silane film that forms through the condensation of silanol substances.This film provides excellent corrosion resistance to the sintered NdFeB substrate,reducing its corrosion current density to 2.02×10~(-6)A/cm~2.Moreover,the impact of film on the magnetic characteristics of sintered NdFeB was assessed and found to be minimal.

小空间尺度区域旅游资源及其评价:以香港为例

区域旅游资源及其评价是区域旅游业可持续发展的一项基础工程。文章在讨论"旅游资源"与"旅游发展"之间的关系状况的基础上,定义区域旅游资源的概念。分析并指出将区域旅游资源分成自然旅游资源及人文旅游资源及由此建立的相应的区域旅游资源评价方法(即所谓的"两分评价法"),对小空间尺度的区域旅游资源评价存在着局限性。提出对小空间尺度区域旅游资源进行有效评价的"三分评价法",即将区域旅游资源分成显性旅游资源、隐性旅游资源及辅性旅游资源三大类。小空间尺度区域旅游产业发展类型很多,有如香港、澳门、瑞士达沃斯小镇等等,本文主要以香港为例对小空间尺度区域旅游资源评价作具体讨论。

过敏性紫癜患儿外周血单核细胞表面TLR2,4,6的表达及其与辅助性T细胞17的相关性分析

目的研究过敏性紫癜（HSP）患儿急性期外周血单核细胞（PBMC）TLR2,4,6的表达及其与血浆白细胞介素（IL）-17的相关性,探讨TLR2,4,6在HSP发病机制中的作用。方法选取2013年4月至12月青岛大学附属医院收治入院的HSP急性期患儿42例为研究对象（纳入HSP组）,年龄为4-13岁,男性患儿为25例,女性为17例。另选取同期于本院儿童保健科进行健康体检的30例儿童纳入对照组。采用流式细胞术检测HSP患儿PBMC TLR2,4,6蛋白表达情况,采用实时荧光定量PCR（RTPCR）法检测HSP患儿PBMC髓样分化蛋白88（MyD88）mRNA的相对表达水平,采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法检测血浆白细胞介素（IL）-17水平。组间比较采用独立样本t检验,相关性分析采用Pearson相关检验。本研究遵循的程序符合青岛大学附属医院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,并征得受试对象监护人的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书。结果 1HSP患儿PBMC TLR2,4,6蛋白表达均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t=9.432,P〈0.01;t=8.876,P〈0.01;t=10.486,P〈0.01）。2HSP组MyD88mRNA相对表达水平（1.279±0.419）较对照组水平（0.995±0.251）显著升高,二者比较,差异有统计学意义（t=2.463,P〈0.05）。3HSP组患儿血浆IL-17水平较对照组显著增高[（13.168±2.841）pg/mL vs（11.091±1.768）pg/mL],差异有统计学意义（t=2.641,P〈0.05）。4HSP组PBMC TLR2,4,6蛋白表达均与MyD88mRNA的相对表达水平呈显著正相关关系（r=0.850,P〈0.01;r=0.669,P〈0.01;r=0.788,P〈0.01）;与血浆IL-17水平均呈正相关关系（r=0.438,P〈0.01;r=0.404,P〈0.05;r=0.357,P〈0.05）。结论 TLR2,4,6信号途径的异常活化可能参与HSP发生发展,活化的TLR2,4,6可能通过上调辅助性T细胞（Th17）介导HSP的免疫发病机制。

Surfactant-assisted hydrothermally synthesized MoS_2 samples with controllable morphologies and structures for anthracene hydrogenation

MoS_2 samples with controllable morphologies and structures were synthesized using surfactantassisted hydrothermal processes.The effects of surfactants（PEG,PVP,P123,SDS,AOT,and CTAB）on the morphologies and structures of MoS_2 samples were investigated.The results revealed that spherical,bulk-like,and flower-like MoS_2 particles assembled by NH4~＋-intercalated MoS_2 nano-sheets were synthesized.The morphologies of the MoS_2 samples and their structures（including the slab length and the number of stacked layers） of MoS_2 nano-sheets in these samples could be controlled by adjusting the surfactants.Mono-dispersed spherical MoS_2 particles could be synthesized with PEG via the creation of MoS_2 nano-sheets with slab lengths shorter than 15 nm and fewer than six stacked layers.Possible formation mechanisms of these MoS_2 samples created via surfactant-assisted hydrothermal processes are proposed.Further,the catalytic activities of MoS_2 samples for anthracene hydrogenation were evaluated in a slurry-bed reactor.The catalyst synthesized with the surfactant PEG exhibited the highest catalytic hydrogenation activity.Compared with the other catalysts,it had a smaller particle size,mono-dispersed spherical morphology,shorter slab length,and fewer stacked layers;these were all beneficial to exposing its active edges.This work provides an efficient approach to synthesize transition metal sulfides with controllable morphologies and structures.

Improvement of Resistance to Rice Blast in Zhenshan 97 by Molecular Marker-aided Selection

Fungi blast is one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide. Breeding resistant varieties have been proved to be the most effective and economical means to control the disease. This paper describes the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) procedure for a broad-spectrum blast resistant gene Pi1 integrated into an elite hybrid maintainer line, Zhenshan 97. A simple sequence repeat (SSR) based on molecular marker-aided selection system for Pi1 segment was established. Using a backcross population and a blast isolate F1829, Pi1 gene was mapped on the top of chromosome 11 between markers RZ536 and RM144, with a distance of 9.7 cM and 6.8 cM, respectively. Seventeen families derived from the recurrent parent Zhenshan 97 were obtained with homozygous Pi1 gene. The background of the 17 families was identified with inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification, the highest recovery of the Zhenshan 97 genetic background was 97.01% after the assay of 167 polymorphic bands.

关于普通高校艺术教育的实践与思考

艺术教育是培养全面人才的重要手段之一。普通高校运用艺术教育的＂辅德性＂、＂益智性＂、＂创造性＂等特点对学生进行熏陶和影响,有助于提高大学生的思想道德品质和文化修养,促进大学生智力和创造力的开发和培养。

Improvement for Agronomic Traits of Partial Waxy Wheat by Combination of Backcrossing with a PCR-based DNA Marker

To improve agronomic traits of partial waxy wheat, crossing between Chinese Baihuomai and wheat cultivars PH85-16, Jinan 17, and Yannong 15 was performed. The progeny plants were further backcrossed to these cultivars as recurrent parents for five generations. To get homozygous plants with the null allele at the Wx-D1 locus, self-pollination was carried out in the BC5F1 generation. Through another three generations, 6 partial waxy wheat lines were obtained, which had similar agronomic performance as their recurrent parents and carried the null allele at the Wx-D1 locus. In each generation, the Wx-D1 locus was identified by a PCR-based DNA marker and the agronomic traits were examined in progeny plants. The results from this study indicate that the use of backcrossing with a PCR-based DNA marker was useful in waxy wheat breeding. These partial waxy wheat lines can be used in field production.

分子内双不对称诱导反应

本文介绍了双不对称合成的概念和８０年代以来国内外在分子内双不对称诱导反应方面的研究成果。

Frequency Response Computation and Error Analyses

Aim To derive the error formulae for the algorithm of frequency response computation. Methods This algorithm was introduced theoretically, the error sources of the algorithm were analyzed and the formulae of the main error were derived. Results The repeatability and stability of the processing results of the algorithm are better than those measured by 1250 Frequency Analysor. Conclusion The error formulae derived are theoretically right and practically valid.

Purification and Characterization of Flammulin,a Basic Protein with Anti-tumor Activities from Flammulina velutipes

Aim To purify and characterize flammulin, a basic protein with anti-tumoractivities. Methods Ammonium sulfate, ethanol fractionation and column chromatography were used forseparation and purification. Electrophoretic analysis, amino acid analysis, and MS of flammulin werecarried out. Results Flammulin was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and crystallized. With amolecular mass of 19891.13 Da, pI 8.9, λ_(max) = 276 - 278 nm, λ_(min) = 250 nm, flammulin wascharacterized by its lack of methionine. Fingerprint mapping of flammulin was determined by MALDI-MSfollowing in-gel protease digestion; no close matches were identified. Conclusion Flammulin waspurified to electrophoretic homogeneity, and its characteristics are discussed for the first time.

Target-site Mechanisms Involved in Annual Bluegrass(Poa annua L.) Tolerance to Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl

Annual bluegrass （Poa annua L.） was found to be tolerant to fenoxaprop- P-ethyl as well as quizalofop-P-ethyl, haloxyfop-R-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, fluaz- ifop-P-butyl, cyhalofop-butyl, sethoxydim and tralkoxydim, whereas it was sensitive to clethodim and tepraloxydim. The acetyI-CoA carboxylase （ACCase） IC50 values of five P. annua biotypes were 10.46 to 11.98-fold higher than the susceptible Japanese foxtail （Alopecurus japonicus Steud.）. The presence of the polymorphic lie and Leu at 1 781, which the presence of Leu at 1 781 had been reported to be in- volved in the resistance of grass weeds to ACCase inhibitors, was subsequently i- dentified in the ACCase of P. annua. Furthermore, the expression level of gene that encoding P. annua ACCase was found to be approximately 4.67 to 7.37-fold higher than A. japonicus, possibly explaining the P. annua target site tolerance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl.

Structure and electrochemical performance of Cu singly doped and Cu/Al co-doped nano-nickel hydroxide

Nanometer Cu singly doped and Cu/Al co-doped nickel hydroxides were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method. Their crystal structure, particle size, morphology, tap density and electrochemical performance were investigated. The results show that the samples have a-phase structure with narrow particle size distribution. Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2 contains irregular particles, while Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 displays a quasi-spherical shape and has a relatively higher tap density. Composite electrodes were prepared by mixing 8% （mass fraction） nanometer samples with commercial micro-size spherical nickel. The charge/discharge test and cyclic voltammetry results indicate that the electrochemical performance of Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 is better than that of Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2, the former＇s discharge capacity reaches 330 mA.h/g at 0.2C, 12 mA.h/g and 91 mA.h/g larger than that of Cu singly doped sample and pure spherical nickel electrode, respectively. Moreover, the proton diffusion coefficient of Cu/Al co-doped sample is 52.3% larger than that of Cu singly doped sample.

Automatic Control of Automobile Transmission Performance Test Stand

To realize automatic control of automobile transmission performance test stand Methods The automatic control technique of the lubricant temperature,the program- controll- edautomaticshifting of the transmission,the continuous adjusting of revolution speed and load, data-acquisition and data real-time processing were adopted.Results The lubricant temperature was controlled at the set temperature ±2℃.The automatic shifting of the trans- mission is simple,reliable and accurate.The automatic adjusting of load and rotation speed is rapidandaccurate,the torque divergence is ±1N·m,the rotation speed divergence is ±5r/min Conclusion The four kinds of techniques are applied into the automobile transmission perfor- mance test stand successfully. mancetest stand successfully.

Esophagectomy for locally advanced esophageal cancer, followed by chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy

AIM： To compare the efficacy and toxicity of a three-step combination therapy with post-operative radiation alone for locally advanced esophageal cancer.METHODS： Patients with T3-4 and N0-1 esophageal carcinoma from a number of institutions were non-randomly, prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent single-stage curative en bloc esophagectomy. The patients were then assigned into one of two treatment groups based on treatment consisting of either post-operative concurrent chemoradiotherapy （CCRT） with weekly cisplatin 30 mg/m^2 followed by systemic adjuvant chemotherapy （four monthly cycles of cisplatin 20 mg/m^2 and 5-fluorouracil 1 000 mg/m^2 for five consecutive days）, or, post-operative radiation alone. The radiotherapy dose was 55-60 Gy for all patients. Primary end-point of this study was to assess the per-protocol patients＇ improvement of overall survival benefit. Secondary end-point was designed to evaluate both the per-protocol and intent-totreat patients＇ outcome of survival. RESULTS： A total of 60 patients （n=30 per group） were enrolled in this study. The two groups were generally comparable for demographic characteristics and hematological and non-hematological toxicities. The CCRT with weekly cisplatin was well tolerated, with significantly better overall survival （30.9 mo vs 20.7 mo; 95% CI, 27.5-36.4 vs 15.2-26.1） and 3-year survival （70.0% vs 33.7%; P=0.003）. Low histological grade of tumor （P〈0.001） was associated with favorable survival in these locally advanced patients. CONCLUSION： For locally advanced esophageal cancer, the combination of esophagectomy, post-operative CCRT with weekly cisplatin and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy is well tolerated and effective. A large-scale, prospective randomized trial of this regimen is in progress.

Morphology Control of Anatase TiO2 by Surfactant-assisted Hydrothermal Method

By hydrolysing titanium isopropoxide in a long hydrocarbon chain surfactant-containing solution, TiO2 fine particles with a diversity of well-defined morphologies was synthesized in this study by a hydrothermal route. The structural change during the formation process was monitored by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. TiO2 with various morphologies such as particle, sheet, rod, tube and flower-like shape was obtained by carefully controlling the preparation conditions. The experimental results show that the pH value is crucial for shape control of the produced TiO2 because it can change the charge state of the surfactant in the solution and the adsorption potential of the surfactant on the TiO2 surface. The shape evolvement of anatase TiO2 was elucidated by quenching the reaction at different stage and the formation mechanism of different shaped TiO2 was suggested.