The researching on the DMUs with undesirable outputs gives the non-radial model FDEA of the relative efficiency evaluation,proves the efficiency theories, and calculates the example.The application of FDEA model shows...The researching on the DMUs with undesirable outputs gives the non-radial model FDEA of the relative efficiency evaluation,proves the efficiency theories, and calculates the example.The application of FDEA model shows its importance in the production to save the resources,improve the desirable outputs, and decrease the undesirable outputs,especially reduce the environmental pollution.展开更多
自从基于第二代Maxwell图形核心的Ge Force GTX 900系列出现之后,外接很多声音都说这一代架构以及核心堪称完美。在2014年年初发布的GM107我们就能轻松看出这款Maxwell架构在功耗方面的控制不是一般的强,GM107的公版产品甚至不需要辅助...自从基于第二代Maxwell图形核心的Ge Force GTX 900系列出现之后,外接很多声音都说这一代架构以及核心堪称完美。在2014年年初发布的GM107我们就能轻松看出这款Maxwell架构在功耗方面的控制不是一般的强,GM107的公版产品甚至不需要辅助的外接供电,这就表明了有着中端主流性能的Ge Force GTX 750、750ti的功耗不到75w。展开更多
In this paper, a generalized three-dimensional(3D) scattering channel model for macrocellular land mobile environments is considered. This model simultaneously describes angular arrival of multi-path signals in the az...In this paper, a generalized three-dimensional(3D) scattering channel model for macrocellular land mobile environments is considered. This model simultaneously describes angular arrival of multi-path signals in the azimuth and elevation planes in an environment where uniformly distributed scatterers are assumed to be present in hemispheroids around the base station(BS) and mobile station(MS). Using this channel model, we first derive the closed-form expression for the joint and marginal probability density functions of the angle-of-arrival and time-of-arrival measured at the BS and the MS corresponding to the azimuth and elevation angles. Next, we derive an expression for the Doppler spectral distribution caused by motion of the MSs. Furthermore, we analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output antenna systems numerically. The results show that the proposed 3D scattering channel model performs better than previously proposed two-dimensional(2D) models for indoor and outdoor environments. We compare the results with previous scattering channel models and measurement results to validate the generalizability of our model.展开更多
After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consump...After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries.China has overtaken the U.S.as the world's biggest CO2 emitter since 2006.As China's second largest trade partner,the U.S.has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties.But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S.have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance.Applied an input-output approach,the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S.trade during 1997-2007.It was found that through trade with China,the U.S.reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario.Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry,China-U.S.trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world.In the end,the article gives some suggestions:it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved,for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.展开更多
文摘The researching on the DMUs with undesirable outputs gives the non-radial model FDEA of the relative efficiency evaluation,proves the efficiency theories, and calculates the example.The application of FDEA model shows its importance in the production to save the resources,improve the desirable outputs, and decrease the undesirable outputs,especially reduce the environmental pollution.
文摘自从基于第二代Maxwell图形核心的Ge Force GTX 900系列出现之后,外接很多声音都说这一代架构以及核心堪称完美。在2014年年初发布的GM107我们就能轻松看出这款Maxwell架构在功耗方面的控制不是一般的强,GM107的公版产品甚至不需要辅助的外接供电,这就表明了有着中端主流性能的Ge Force GTX 750、750ti的功耗不到75w。
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.61471153)the Scientific and Technological Support Project (Industry) of Jiangsu Province (No. BE2011195)the Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Institution of Higher Education of Jiangsu Province (No. 14KJA510001)
文摘In this paper, a generalized three-dimensional(3D) scattering channel model for macrocellular land mobile environments is considered. This model simultaneously describes angular arrival of multi-path signals in the azimuth and elevation planes in an environment where uniformly distributed scatterers are assumed to be present in hemispheroids around the base station(BS) and mobile station(MS). Using this channel model, we first derive the closed-form expression for the joint and marginal probability density functions of the angle-of-arrival and time-of-arrival measured at the BS and the MS corresponding to the azimuth and elevation angles. Next, we derive an expression for the Doppler spectral distribution caused by motion of the MSs. Furthermore, we analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output antenna systems numerically. The results show that the proposed 3D scattering channel model performs better than previously proposed two-dimensional(2D) models for indoor and outdoor environments. We compare the results with previous scattering channel models and measurement results to validate the generalizability of our model.
文摘After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries.China has overtaken the U.S.as the world's biggest CO2 emitter since 2006.As China's second largest trade partner,the U.S.has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties.But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S.have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance.Applied an input-output approach,the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S.trade during 1997-2007.It was found that through trade with China,the U.S.reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario.Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry,China-U.S.trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world.In the end,the article gives some suggestions:it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved,for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.
