Background: Gastric emptying is frequently delayed in critical illness which compromises the success of nasogastric nutrition. The underlying motor dysfunctions are poorly defined. Aims: To characterise antro-pyloro-d...Background: Gastric emptying is frequently delayed in critical illness which compromises the success of nasogastric nutrition. The underlying motor dysfunctions are poorly defined. Aims: To characterise antro-pyloro-duodenal motility during fasting, and in response to gastric and duodenal nutrient, as well as to ev aluate the relationship between gastric emptying andmotility, in the critically ill. Subjects: Fifteen mechanically ventilated patients from a mixed intensive c are unit; 10 healthy volunteers. Methods: Antro-pyloro-duodenal pressures were recorded during fasting, after intragastric administration (100 ml; 100 kcal), and during small intestinal infusion of liquid nutrient (6 hours; l kcal/min). G astric emptying was measured using a 13C octanoate breath test. Results: In heal thy subjects, neither gastric nor small intestinal nutrient affected antro-pylo ro-duodenal pressures. In patients, duodenal nutrient infusion reduced antral a ctivity compared with both fasting and healthy subjects (0.03 (0-2.47) waves/mi n v 0.14 (0-2.2) fasting (p = 0.016); and v 0.33 (0-2.57)/min in healthy subje cts (p = 0.005)). Basal pyloric pressure and the frequency of phasic pyloric pre ssure waves were increased in patients during duodenal nutrient infusion (3.12 ( 1.06) mm Hg; 0.98 (0.13)/min) compared with healthy subjects (-0.44 (1.25) mm H g; p < 0.02 after 120 minutes; 0.29 (0.15)/min; p = 0.0002) and with fasting (- 0.06 (1.05) mm Hg; p < 0.03 after 160 minutes; 0.49 (0.13)/min; (p = 0.0001). Ga stric emptying was delayed in patients (gastric emptying coefficient 2.99 (0.2) v 3.47 (0.1); p = 0.015) and inversely related to the number of pyloric pressure waves (r = -0.563, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Stimulation of pyloric and suppres sion of antral pressures by duodenal nutrient are enhanced in the critically ill and related to decreased gastric emptying.展开更多
A novel octamolybdate complex, [Fe(2,2?bipy)3]2[Mo8O26]6H2O has been synthesized via the hydrothermal technique, and it crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with two molecules in a unit cell: a = 1.21512(5), ...A novel octamolybdate complex, [Fe(2,2?bipy)3]2[Mo8O26]6H2O has been synthesized via the hydrothermal technique, and it crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with two molecules in a unit cell: a = 1.21512(5), b = 1.36840(5), c = 2.18823(9) nm, b = 90.515(1), Mr = 2340.42, Z = 2, V = 3.6384(2) nm3, Dc = 2.136 g/cm3, F(000) = 2296, l(MoKa) = 0.071073 nm, = 1.813 mm-1, R = 0.0719 and wR = 0.1093 for 4058 observed reflections with I≥2s(I). The structure is characterized by the co-existence of octahedral [Fe(2,2?bipy)3]2+ cations and b-octamolybdate [Mo8O26]4- anions. The magnetic susceptibility data show a Curie-Weiss paramagnetic behavior (q = -5.201 K) in accordance with the spin-only ground state of FeⅡ ions. IR, UV-Vis, and EPR spectra are also briefly noted in this paper.展开更多
Coated wire sensor for potentiometric determination ofDAP (dapoxetine HCI) in pure form and in biological fluidsbased on DAP-TPB (dapoxetine-tetraphenyl borate) as the sensing element in the presence of DOP (dioc...Coated wire sensor for potentiometric determination ofDAP (dapoxetine HCI) in pure form and in biological fluidsbased on DAP-TPB (dapoxetine-tetraphenyl borate) as the sensing element in the presence of DOP (dioctylphthalate) as the plasticizing solvent mediator was prepared. The best performance was obtained with a membrane composition of 10.0% (w/w) ion-pair, 45.0% DOP (w/w) and 45.0% PVC (w/w). The electrode showed a Nemstian response (with a slope of 58.70 mV decade-1) for the concentration range of 4.2 × 10-5-1.0 ×10-2 mol/L. It illustrates a relatively fast response time in the whole concentration range (-15 s) in a pH range of 3.0-7.5. The selectivity coefficients were determined in relation to several inorganic and organic species. DAP is determined successfully in pure solutions and in biological fuids using the standard additions and petentiometric titrations methods.展开更多
文摘Background: Gastric emptying is frequently delayed in critical illness which compromises the success of nasogastric nutrition. The underlying motor dysfunctions are poorly defined. Aims: To characterise antro-pyloro-duodenal motility during fasting, and in response to gastric and duodenal nutrient, as well as to ev aluate the relationship between gastric emptying andmotility, in the critically ill. Subjects: Fifteen mechanically ventilated patients from a mixed intensive c are unit; 10 healthy volunteers. Methods: Antro-pyloro-duodenal pressures were recorded during fasting, after intragastric administration (100 ml; 100 kcal), and during small intestinal infusion of liquid nutrient (6 hours; l kcal/min). G astric emptying was measured using a 13C octanoate breath test. Results: In heal thy subjects, neither gastric nor small intestinal nutrient affected antro-pylo ro-duodenal pressures. In patients, duodenal nutrient infusion reduced antral a ctivity compared with both fasting and healthy subjects (0.03 (0-2.47) waves/mi n v 0.14 (0-2.2) fasting (p = 0.016); and v 0.33 (0-2.57)/min in healthy subje cts (p = 0.005)). Basal pyloric pressure and the frequency of phasic pyloric pre ssure waves were increased in patients during duodenal nutrient infusion (3.12 ( 1.06) mm Hg; 0.98 (0.13)/min) compared with healthy subjects (-0.44 (1.25) mm H g; p < 0.02 after 120 minutes; 0.29 (0.15)/min; p = 0.0002) and with fasting (- 0.06 (1.05) mm Hg; p < 0.03 after 160 minutes; 0.49 (0.13)/min; (p = 0.0001). Ga stric emptying was delayed in patients (gastric emptying coefficient 2.99 (0.2) v 3.47 (0.1); p = 0.015) and inversely related to the number of pyloric pressure waves (r = -0.563, p = 0.029). Conclusions: Stimulation of pyloric and suppres sion of antral pressures by duodenal nutrient are enhanced in the critically ill and related to decreased gastric emptying.
基金This work was supported by the Introduction of Overseas Elitists Program (No.IB990168) the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘A novel octamolybdate complex, [Fe(2,2?bipy)3]2[Mo8O26]6H2O has been synthesized via the hydrothermal technique, and it crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with two molecules in a unit cell: a = 1.21512(5), b = 1.36840(5), c = 2.18823(9) nm, b = 90.515(1), Mr = 2340.42, Z = 2, V = 3.6384(2) nm3, Dc = 2.136 g/cm3, F(000) = 2296, l(MoKa) = 0.071073 nm, = 1.813 mm-1, R = 0.0719 and wR = 0.1093 for 4058 observed reflections with I≥2s(I). The structure is characterized by the co-existence of octahedral [Fe(2,2?bipy)3]2+ cations and b-octamolybdate [Mo8O26]4- anions. The magnetic susceptibility data show a Curie-Weiss paramagnetic behavior (q = -5.201 K) in accordance with the spin-only ground state of FeⅡ ions. IR, UV-Vis, and EPR spectra are also briefly noted in this paper.
文摘Coated wire sensor for potentiometric determination ofDAP (dapoxetine HCI) in pure form and in biological fluidsbased on DAP-TPB (dapoxetine-tetraphenyl borate) as the sensing element in the presence of DOP (dioctylphthalate) as the plasticizing solvent mediator was prepared. The best performance was obtained with a membrane composition of 10.0% (w/w) ion-pair, 45.0% DOP (w/w) and 45.0% PVC (w/w). The electrode showed a Nemstian response (with a slope of 58.70 mV decade-1) for the concentration range of 4.2 × 10-5-1.0 ×10-2 mol/L. It illustrates a relatively fast response time in the whole concentration range (-15 s) in a pH range of 3.0-7.5. The selectivity coefficients were determined in relation to several inorganic and organic species. DAP is determined successfully in pure solutions and in biological fuids using the standard additions and petentiometric titrations methods.