干旱及复水对辣木幼苗生理特性的影响

[目的]研究干旱及复水对辣木幼苗生理特性的影响。[方法]以辣木(Moringa oleifera)为试验材料,研究干旱胁迫4、8、12、16 d和复水处理4、8 d辣木幼苗根际土壤相对含水量、叶片相对含水量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b及其叶绿素总含量和抗氧化酶的变化特性。[结果]水分胁迫下,根际土壤相对含水量和叶片相对含水量呈逐渐下降趋势;叶绿素a和叶绿素总含量呈现下降—上升—下降趋势,叶绿素b含量和叶绿素a/b则表现出先上升后下降趋势;辣木幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)活性随着干旱时间的持续呈现先降低再上升趋势,辣木幼苗超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性则表现出上升—下降—上升的趋势,但在干旱胁迫前8 d,2种抗氧化酶活性变化差异并不显著(P>0.05)。复水后,各生理指标得到不同程度恢复,除POD活性显著低于CK外(P<0.05),其他指标均与CK无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]辣木幼苗具有一定的耐旱能力,复水对干旱胁迫具有缓解作用。

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium and CompoundFertilizer on Growth and Yield of Moringa Seedlings

In order to study the effects of different fertilizers on the growth and yield of Moringa seedlings,potted Moringa seedlings were randomly divided into 5 treatments:nitrogen(treatment 1),phosphorus(treatment 2),potassium(treatment 3),compound fertilizer(treatment 4)and non-fertilization(CK).The ground diameter,plant height,leaf,sprouting,crown width and yield of Moringa seedlings were measured one month later.The results showed that treatment 3 was beneficial to the growth of ground diameter of Moringa seedlings,which was 24.4%higher than CK(P<0.05).Treatment 4 significantly promoted plant height and leaf yield of moringa seedlings,being 56.8%and 76.9%higher than those of CK,respectively(P<0.05).Treatment 2 significantly promoted the sprouting of Moringa seedlings,being 53.8%higher than that of CK(P<0.05).Fertilization treatments had no significant effect on leaf size of Moringa seedlings(P>0.05).