波浪中RMRC六边围圈形平台模型连接器载荷研究

针对一个为远洋船舶提供生活起居、船舶停靠和海上补给的深远海六边围圈形平台,开展其连接器载荷研究。六边围圈形平台是由六个梯形浮体结构通过六个刚性连接器连接而成,因此在设计阶段有必要研究六边围圈形平台的连接器载荷特性。设计并制造了一个RMRC(刚性模块刚性连接器)的六边围圈形平台,六个模块通过六个刚性连接器来连接,在造波水池里开展了模型试验来测试连接器的载荷,然后采用一个基于三维势流理论和边界元法的数值仿真方法来获得六边围圈形平台模型的连接器载荷。最后将模型试验的结果与计算仿真的结果相比较,验证了仿真方法的有效性。该仿真方法可为以后相似类型的浮体连接器载荷评估提供设计依据。

著名风景区“边围地区”旅游开发研究——以桂林市灌阳县为例

灌阳具有丰富的自然和人文旅游资源。由于经济原因灌阳大部分旅游资源没有得到很好的开发。针对发展灌阳的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,提出对灌阳进行全面科学系统的旅游资源考察,合理开发灌阳旅游资源,分时期分阶段地进行景点开发,加大对外宣传力度,在政府主导下引导多方投资,解决景区交通瓶颈,实施区域旅游协作的发展战略以及及时培养旅游人才等旅游开发措施。

Study on Temperature Field of Surrounding Rock with BEM

The authors analyzed the characteristic of surrounding rock temperature field around a drifting face, set up its mathematic model, and got its numerical result with the boundary element method(BEM). To calculate in tra domain integral, it was transformed into boundary integration with the DRM method. Using the similitude theory, the dimensionless differential equation was educed. Finally, the authors calculated two drifting faces of Sanhejian Coal Mine using the computer software developed by authors based on the above principium, and got the distribution characteristic of surrounding rock temperature field around a drifting face and the periodic variation in temperature with its periodic moving forward. Comparing the calculated heat dissipating capacity of surrounding rock with the measured data shows that the computer software is proper.

An effective quadrilateral mesh adaptation

Accuracy of a simulation strongly depends on the grid quality. Here, quality means orthogonality at the boundaries and quasi-orthogonality within the critical regions, smoothness, bounded aspect ratios and solution adaptive behaviour. It is not recommended to refine the parts of the domain where the solution shows little variation. It is desired to concentrate grid points and cells in the part of the domain where the solution shows strong gradients or variations. We present a simple, effective and com- putationally efficient approach for quadrilateral mesh adaptation. Several numerical examples are presented for supporting our claim.

Failure precursor of surrounding rock mass around cross tunnel in high-steep rock slope

The stability of the surrounding rock mass around cross tunnel in the right bank slope of Dagangshan hydropower station, in the southwestern China, was analyzed by microseismic monitoring as well as numerical simulations. The realistic failure process analysis code （abbreviated as RFPA3D） was employed to reproduce the initiation, propagation, coalescence and interactions of micro-fractures, the evolution of associated stress fields and acoustic emission （AE） activities during the whole failure processes of the surrounding rock mass around cross tunnel. Combined with microseismic activities by microseismic monitoring on the fight bank slope, the spatial-temporal evolution and the micro-fracture precursor characteristics during the complete process of progressive failure of the surrounding rock mass around cross tunnel were discussed and the energy release law of the surrounding rock mass around the cross tunnel was obtained. The result shows that the precursor characteristic of microfractures occurring in rock mass is an effective approach to early warn catastrophic damage of rock mass around cross tunnel. Moreover, the heterogeneity of rock mass is the source and internal cause of the failure precursor of rock mass.

Interaction between anti-shear galleries and surrounding rock in the right-bank slope of Dagangshan hydropower station

The fight-bank slope of the Dagangshan hydropower station located in Southwest China is a highly unloaded rock slope. Moreover, large-scale natural faults were detected in the slope body; some excavation-induced unloading fractures were discovered at elevations between lo75m and 1146m. Because of poor tectonic stability, the excavation work was suspended in September 2009, and six large- scale anti-shear galleries were employed to replace the weak zone in the slope body to reinforce the fight- bank slope. In this study, based on microseismic- monitoring technology and a numerical-simulation method, the stabilities of the slope with and without the reinforcement are analysed. An in-situ microseismic-monitofing system is used to obtain quantitative information about the damage location, extent, energy, and magnitude of the rocks. Thus, any potential sliding block in the fight-bank slope can be identified. By incorporating the numerical results along with the microseismic-monitoring data, the stress concentration is found to largely occur aroundthe anti-shear galleries, and the seismic deformation near the anti-shear galleries is apparent, particularly at elevations of 121o, 118o, 115o, and 112om. To understand the interaction mechanism between the anti-shear gallery and the surrounding rock, a 2D simulation of the potential damage process occurring in an anti-shear gallery is performed. The numerical simulation helps in obtaining additional information about the stress distribution and failure-induced stress re-distribution in the vicinity of the anti-shear galleries that cannot be directly observed in the field. Finally, the potential sliding surface of the right-bank slope is numerically obtained, which generally agrees with the spatial distribution of the in-situ monitored microseismic events. The safety factor of the slope reinforced with the anti-shear gallery increases by approximately 36.2%. Both the numerical results and microseismic data show that the anti-shear galleries have a good reinforcement effect.

流刑之沿革及历代采用流刑之基本观念

恢复流刑,遣犯实边,内兆祥和,外固边围,自民国二十年,本会第三届代表大会,由上海律师公会代表李次山先生等,提案倡导以来,法学界渐有研究之者,然犹未一起社会之注意也。近立法院修改刑法,司法行政部正是建议恢复流刑,由是在国人脑海中,久已淡焉若忘之流刑二字,乃更活跃于吾人之眼帘,以最先主张恢复流刑之吾人,对此问题,自有浓厚之兴趣,与深切之同情。

我们都是好孩子

木质的窗棂上还氤氲着雨后的气息,凌霄花的枝丫在窗前颤颤巍巍地抖落着雨丝,天边水雾般的云朵在日光边缘若隐若现。学校老旧的墙上棕红色的漆体逐渐落下,罅隙间还有着蚂蚁的行踪,偶尔长出的几朵小黄花,逆着光发呆。操场边围了圈锈迹斑斑的铁栏,顺着出口,是一道走廊,顶上除了长满杂草。

＇OBOR＇ and South Asia： Can India and China Cope with the Emerging ＇New Normal＇ in the Region？

Ever since President Xi Jinping announced the ＇One Belt, One Road＇ project in 2013, more than 66 countries across the continent expressed their interest to be part of this grand project of the century. In South Asia, most of the countries embraced the idea except India. There is no doubt that OBOR is likely to have farreaching implications on South Asian politics, economy and security. China has been engaging in the region through various economic and development projects for last two decades. This has raised serious security and strategic concerns in India. China＇s growing bilateral trade investments and development-oriented connectivity projects in India＇s neighbourhood have been popularly dubbed as China＇s ＇String of Pearl Strategy＇ aimed to contract India＇s sphere of influence in the region. There is a deficit of trust between emerging India and rising China over their interests and intentions. Many observers, however, view OBOR as a game changer at least in South Asia, where this would necessitate re-alignment and re-balancing. But, how does India perceive this project is a matter of serious concern that would shape the nature of implications on South Asia？ In this context, this article examines the impact of OBOR on South Asia Region from sub-regional perspectives and it explores how China can play a constructive role by reconciling its grand strategy with national interests of South Asian countries in order to minimise the adverse impact of OBOR [especially China-Pakistan Economic Corridor （CPEC）] on the peace and security of the region through effective CBMs.

Soft tissue distraction using pentagonal frame for long- standing traumatic flexion deformity of interphalangeal joints

Objective： Interphalangeal joint con- tracture is a challenging complication of hand trauma, which reduces the functional capacity of the entire hand. In this study we evaluated the results of soft tissue distraction with no collateral ligament transection or volar plate removal in comparison with traditional operation of contracture re- lease and partial ligament transection and volar plate removal. Methods： In this prospective study, a total of 40 pa- tients in two equal groups （A and B） were studied. Patients suffering from chronic flexion contracture of abrasive trau- matic nature were included. Group A were treated by soft tissue distraction using pentagonal frame technique and in Group B the contracture release was followed by finger splinting. Results： Analyzed data revealed a significant differ- ence between the two groups for range of motion in the proximal interphalangeal joints （P〈0.05）, while it was not meaningful in the distal interphalangeal joints （P〉0.05）. There was not a significant difference in the degrees of flexion contracture between groups （P〉0.05）. Regression analysis showed that using pentagonal frame technique significantly increased the mean improvement in range of motion of proxi- mal interphalangeal joints （P〈0.001）, while the higher the preoperative flexion contracture was observed in proximal interphalangeal joints, the lower improvement was achieved in range of motion of proximal interphalangeal joints after intervention （P〈0.001）. Conclusion： Soft tissue distraction using pentagonal frame technique with gradual and continuous collateral liga- ment and surrounding joint tissues distraction combined with skin Z-plasty significantly improves the range of mo- tion in patients with chronic traumatic flexion deformity of proximal and/or distal interphalangeal joints.

Investigation on very large scale motions(VLSMs) and their influence in a dust storm

Based on the real-time synchronous measurements of the wind velocity,temperature,the PM10 concentration at 16 m and 47 m during a dust storm event,in which Reynolds number Re exceeds 6×106,this study reveals the existence of the very large scale motions(VLSMs) during the stable stage both in the stream velocity and the temperature field at the two heights,whose streamwise scales reach up to 10 times the thickness of the boundary layer.The streamwise velocity and the PM10 concentration display a similar frequency corresponding to the peaks of their energy spectra,which implies that the VLSMs of streamwise flow have a significant role in dust transportation.In contrast,the salient deviations of the PM10 concentration at 47 m from the Gaussian distribution are revealed,which means that 47 m is not in the dust transportation layer,but is a region where the dust transportation layer and the outer flow intersect each other.Analysis demonstrates that the energy spectra of the PM10 concentrations at 16 m and 47 m display the "-1" scaling law feature,which has the same frequency range(0.001-0.1 Hz) as that of the wind velocity.This provides a new paradigm for the existence of the self-similarity scaling region in turbulent flow.