基金the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant SFB 410)the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development (grant 881/05)+4 种基金the NSF(grant DMR-0342832)the U.S.Department of EnergyOffice of Basic Energy Sciencesunder contract DE-AC03-76SF00515Focus Center Research Program (FCRP) Center on Functional Engineered Nanoarchitectonics (FENA)