CRRT不同滤过剂量在重症合并急性肾损伤患者治疗中的应用效果及安全性研究

目的:对比分析连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)中高剂量、低剂量滤过在重症合并急性肾损伤(AKI)治疗中的应用效果及安全性。方法:随机分组路径下将贵航贵阳医院收治的70例重症合并AKI患者分为DJL组和GJL组,各35例。DJL组行低剂量(20 mL•kg^(-1)•h^(-1))滤过CRRT,GJL组行高剂量(40 mL•kg^(-1)•h^(-1))滤过CRRT。分别于治疗前后检测两组的肾功能指标﹝血肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、24 h尿量﹞、血清炎性细胞因子﹝C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)﹞水平及免疫功能指标(CD3^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞、CD8^(+)T细胞),并记录并发症发生率,统计其治愈率、死亡率。结果:(1)治疗后,两组的SCr、BUN均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),24 h尿量均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且在各指标的改善幅度上,GJL组均大于DJL组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,两组的血清CRP、IL-6、PCT水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且在各指标的下降幅度上,GJL组均大于DJL组(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后,GJL组的CD3^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞/CD8^(+)T细胞水平均高于DJL组(P<0.05)。(4)两组治疗期间的并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(5)GJL组的治愈率高于DJL组,死亡率低于DJL组(P<0.05)。结论:重症合并AKI患者行高剂量滤过CRRT对炎性细胞因子的清除效果、肾功能的改善效果及免疫平衡的重建效果均优于低剂量滤过,且并未增加并发症发生率,患者预后更佳。

连续性肾替代治疗不同滤过剂量在重症合并急性肾损伤患者治疗中效果观察

目的探讨连续性肾替代治疗(CRRT)不同滤过剂量在重症合并急性肾损伤(AKI)患者治疗中的应用效果.方法选取宣城市中心医院重症监护室(ICU)自2019年4月至2020年9月收治的84例重症合并AKI患者为研究对象.采用随机数字表法将其分为低剂量组、中剂量组与高剂量组,每组各28例.所有患者均行CRRT.记录并比较3组患者治疗前后肾功能[血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、24 h尿量]、炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]、免疫功能(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、左室射血分数(LVEF)、急性生理与慢性健康(APACHEⅡ)评分.记录3组患者28 d病死率.结果治疗后,高剂量组患者的BUN、Scr水平均明显低于低剂量组、中剂量组,24 h尿量明显高于低剂量组、中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,中剂量组、高剂量组患者血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平均明显低于低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,高剂量组患者血清IL-6水平明显低于中剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,高剂量组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均明显高于低剂量组、中剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,中剂量组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)明显高于低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,高剂量组患者的LVEF明显高于中剂量组、低剂量组,APACHEⅡ评分明显低于中剂量组、低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组患者28 d病死率分别为14.29%(4/28)、7.14%(2/28)、3.57%(1/28),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论高剂量CRRT治疗重症合并AKI患者可更好清除炎症因子,提高心功能与肾功能,改善机体免疫功能状态,疗效较显著.

阿片样物质是过剂量致死的主要诱导因素

根据美国一项最新研究结果，处方止痛药比可卡因或海洛因导致的药物过量死亡数量还要多。

Effects of Heavy-ion Beams Irradiation on Survival Rate and Antioxidant Enzymes of Sweet Sorghum Seedlings

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of heavy-ion beams irradiation on the seed germination potential, survival rate, antioxidant enzyme activi- ties and lipid peroxidation of sweet sorghum. [Method] The dry seeds were irradiated by ＇2（36. heavy ion beams with absorbed doses： 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 Gy, respectively. Then, the seed germination potential, survival rate, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of sweet sorghum were measured. [Result] Heavy-ion beams irradiation exhibited different influence on germination potential and survival rates. Germination rate showed a downward trend, but the corresponding survival curve of seedlings was saddle-shaped. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and ASA- POD changed in different trends as well. The MDA content rose toward increasing irradiation dose, suggesting that high dose of heavy-ion beams irradiation enhanced the damage to membrane of sweet sorghum seedlings. [Conclusion] After being irra- diated, germination potential and survival rates of sweet sorghum were decreased, and antioxidant enzymes activity changed greatly. This study laid the basis for fur- ther work on breeding and improvement of sweet sorghum irradiated by ,^（12）C^（6＋） heavy ion beams.

Protective Effect of Ascorbate-Lysine on Carbon Tetrachloride and Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice

As an essential amino acid, lysine boosts protein synthesis (Nestor et al1997). Yao et al demonstrated that, lysine also exerts protective effect against the isch-emiclesion of brain. Meanwhile, vitamin C is a natural antioxidant, which has undisputable protectiveaction against free radical damages. In order to ascertain whether their combination could affordbetter effect, we have investigated the prophylactic effect of the couplant ascorbate-lysine inliver injuries.

Effect of some operational variables on bubble size in a pilot-scale mechanical flotation machine

This work aims to provide a relationship of how the key operational variables of frother type and impeller speed affect the size of bubble （D32）. The study was performed using pilot-scale equipment （0.8 m^3） that is up to two orders of magnitude larger than equipment used for studies performed to date by others, and incorporated the key process variables of frother type and impeller speed. The results show that each frother family exhibits a unique CCC95-HLB relationship dependent on n （number of C-atoms in alkyl group） and m （number of propylene oxide group）. Empirical models were developed to predict CCC95 from HLB associated with other two parameters a and ft. The impeller speed-bubble size tests show that D32 is unaffected by increased impeller tip speed across the range of 4.6 to 9.2 m/s （representing the industrial operating range）, although D32 starts to increase below 4.6 m/s. The finding is valid for both coalescing and non-coalescing conditions. The results suggest that the bubble size and bubble size distribution （BSD） being created do not change with increasing impeller speed in the quiescent zone of the flotation.

A novel approach to prevent bubble coalescence during measurement of bubble size in flotation

Effect of frothers in preventing bubble coalescence during flotation of minerals has long been investigated.To evaluate the performance of a frother,an apparatus to measure the bubble size is a basic necessity.McGill Bubble Size Analyzer(MBSA) or bubble viewer that has been developed and completed by McGill University's Mineral Processing Group during the last decade is a unique instrument to serve this purpose.Two parameters which are thought to influence the bubble size measurements by McGill bubble viewer include water quality and frother concentration in the chamber.Results show that there is no difference in Sauter mean(D32) when tap or de-ionized water was used instead of process water.However,the frother concentration,in this research DowFroth 250(DF250),inside the chamber exhibited a pronounced effect on bubble size.Frother concentration below a certain point can not prevent coalescence inside the chamber and therefore caution must be taken in plant applications.It was also noted that the frother concentration which has been so far practiced in plant measurements(CCC75-CCC95) is high enough to prevent coalescence with the bubble viewer.

A Quantitative Analysis of Dose Distributions of Two Tangential Whole Breast Irradiation Techniques

We compared DVHs （dose volume histograms） of two tangential irradiation techniques for whole breast RT （radiotherapy） CT （computed tomography） based 2D （two dimensional） technique with wedge filters and 3D CRT （three dimensional conformal radiotherapy） with segmented fields. These two modalities are commonly used in external beam radiotherapy of breast cancer in Clinical Center Nis, Clinic of Oncology, Serbia. Therapy plans that employed two techniques were generated for eighteen patients. Dosimetric outcomes of each technique were investigated. The maximum dose of breast CTV was significantly reduced from 55.83 Gy for 2D to 54.1 Gy for 3D CRT. Also, the maximum dose of lung tissue decreased from 51.81 Gy for 2D to 49.61 Gy for 3D. The dose conformity and uniformity were much better with 3D CRT segmented field technique.

Kinetics of Treated Domestic Sewage Disinfection through Catalytic Oxidation with H2O2

The inactivation of bacterial cells through catalyzed oxidation using hydrogen peroxide as the primary oxidant agent is dependent on a series of factors, such as the concentration of the catalyst, the rate of hydroxyl radical formation in the controlled decomposition of the oxidant agent, and the concentration and toxicity of hydrogen peroxide. The objective of this study was to develop a mathematical model able to predict the kinetics of the inactivation Escherichia coli and total coliforms cells present in treated domestic sewage through catalytic peroxidation. The catalyst used was iron oxide supported on mineral coal （called CP）, and the effects of the operational conditions, including hydrogen peroxide concentration and dosage of catalyst, were evaluated. The results showed that the disinfection kinetics of the treated domestic sewage is dependent on the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and catalyst dosage. The kinetic model was shown to be able to predict the behavior of the inactivation kinetics of the bacterium Escherichia coli ATCC-25922 when different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide （75 and 100 mg·L^-1） were used, regardless of the catalyst dosage.

Development of Ru-Decorated Carbon Nanotubes-Supported Catalyst for a Microchannel Methanation Reactor

In this study, MWNT and alumina nanopowder were used as a ruthenium catalyst support for the conversion of carbon monoxide to methane. Metal foam structures were employed to support such catalytic systems, offering interesting possibilities for commercial applications due to low-pressure drop; excellent flow characteristic and heat transfer properties. Prior to the ruthenium impregnation, the MWNT surface was initially modified by means of metal cation activation and surface adsorption of anionic surfactant. The decoration processes using both surface modifications promoted the deposition of ruthenium with a mean 2 nm diameter. The use of nickel as a nucleating center enhanced the Ru nanoparticle density on the CNT surface compared to the Ru/CNT catalyst prepared by excess solution impregnation. As a reducing agent, ethylene glycol completely converted Ru2＋ to Ru0as confirmed by an EDS/TEM analysis. Among the prepared catalysts, Ru/AI203-CNTs prepared by Ni2＋ activation showed the best performance for the hydrogenation reaction. This is interpreted in terms of the higher ruthenium nanoparticle exposure on the nanostructured catalyst, as a result of the better MWNT dispersion in the MWNT/Al2O3 mixture.

Unexpected Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Biology

Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is involved in many complex human diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized recent progress on lncRNAs detection methodology with emphasis on their functions and potential implication in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Synergistic improvement of perovskite film quality for efficient solar cells via multiple chloride salt additives

Perovskite crystal film quality is critical for obtaining efficient perovskite solar cells. Anti-solvent processing was used for fast crystallization of perovskite precursor film, which can form dense perovskite film. However, the crystals from this method are usually small due to the fast crystal growth process, which could lead to grain boundary recombination. Here, element chloride is introduced to enhance the perovskite layer crystallinity via slowing down the perovskite crystallization process by simultaneous introduction of methylammounium chloride （MACI） and cesium chloride （CsCl） into precursor solution. As a result, we achieve high quality of pin-hole free perovskite film with large crystal size. A power conversion efficiency of 21.55% with free of hysteresis of the device is obtained, which is among the highest efficiency of planar structure perovskite solar cells.

Synthesis of chiral 1,3-bis(1-(diarylphosphoryl)ethyl)-benzenes via Ir-catalyzed double asymmetric hydrogenation of bis(diarylvinylphosphine oxides)

A class of chiral 1,3-bis(diarylphosphinoethyl)benzenes, which are key intermediates for the synthesis of PCP-type chiral pincer ligands, were prepared in high diastereomeric ratios and excellent ee values via double asymmetric hydrogenation of the corresponding bis(diarylvinylphosphine oxide) substrates using a SpinPhox/Ir(I) complex as the catalyst. The hydrogenation product 5a was readily transformed into the corresponding borane-protected chiral PCP-type pincer ligand 7a with high enantiomeric excess, exemplifying a viable synthetic route to optically active chiral PCP pincer ligands.