抗心衰Ⅰ号合剂治疗充血性心力衰竭的临床疗效和抗脂质过氧化作用

目的 :观察抗心衰 号合剂治疗充血性心力衰竭 (心衰 )的疗效和抗脂质过氧化作用。方法 :将心功能 ～ 级的心衰患者随机分为 2组 ,治疗组 (36例 )在常规西药治疗的同时加用抗心衰 号合剂 ,对照组 (36例 )只予常规西药治疗。观察 2组患者的临床疗效、心功能〔B超检测每搏输出量 (SV)、心输出量 (CO)、心脏指数 (CI)、射血分数 (EF)、左室舒张末期容积 (L VEDV)〕及抗脂质过氧化指标〔超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱苷肽酶 (GSH Px)、丙二醛 (MDA)〕的改善情况。结果 :2组患者治疗后症状、体征、心功能均有明显改善 ,但治疗组临床总有效率、显效率、心功能改善程度及抗脂质过氧化指标改善情况等均明显优于对照组 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。结论 :抗心衰 号合剂对心衰患者具有确切疗效 ,并具有较好的抗脂质过氧化作用。

尿过氧化脂质水平在不同强度运动训练中的变化及其应用价值

为研究和探讨尿中自由基水平与运动性疲劳的关系及其在运动训练中的应用 ,研究了大强度运动训练、极限运动负荷和周期性训练中尿中过氧化脂质的变化。结果发现 :(1)大强度运动训练后 ,尿中过氧化脂质明显增加 (p<0 .0 5 ) ,且与血红蛋白、血尿素氮水平明显相关 (p <0 0 1) ;(2 )极限负荷运动后尿中过氧化脂质明显增加 (p <0 0 5 ) ,4小时后继续升高 (p <0 0 1) ,2 4小时尚不能完全恢复 (p <0 0 5 ) ,血中睾酮、游离睾酮和 17羟孕酮在运动后 2 4小时明显降低 (p <0 0 1) ;(3)在周期性运动训练中 ,随着运动量的增加 ,尿中过氧化脂质水平明显增加 (p <0 0 5 ) ,而血中激素水平则明显下降 (p<0 0 5 ) ;(4)在运动训练中 ,当尿中过氧化脂质水平大于 7μmol/l,血尿素氮大于 2 0mg/dl时 ,运动员自我感觉十分疲劳 ,需要进行调整。研究表明尿中过氧化脂质水平与运动性疲劳密切相关 ,可以作为机能评定的指标 ,用于指导和监控运动训练。

血定安对重症非控制性失血性休克再灌注期脂质过氧化反应的影响

目的 :研究血定安 (gelofusion)对重症非控制性失血性休克低压复苏期间脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法 :12只犬随机等分为平衡盐液 (LR)组 (组Ⅰ )和血定安 (GF)组 (组Ⅱ )。采用非控制性失血性休克模型 ,当MAP降到 2 0mmHg时 ,两组分别输注LR或GF并调节输液速度使MAP维持在 35～ 40mmHg。于放血前 (T1)、休克至MAP 40mmHg (T2 )、2 0mmHg (T3 )及复苏后 30min (T4 )、6 0min (T5)、12 0min (T6)时测血SOD和MDA ,记录HR、MAP、CO、CI,复苏 12 0min时计腹腔失血量。结果 :组Ⅰ输液量及腹腔失血量均显著大于组Ⅱ (P <0 .0 1,和P <0 .0 5 )。再灌注后组Ⅰ血SDO活性进行性下降 ,血MDA迅速上升 ,于T5时显著高于组Ⅱ ,而组Ⅱ再灌注期MDA与缺血期 (T3 )比较差异无显著性 ,且SOD呈上升趋势 ,其中T6SOD值显著高于组Ⅰ (P <0 .0 5 )。再灌注期间组ⅡMAP较组Ⅰ稳定。 12 0min组Ⅰ存活率低于组Ⅱ (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :与LR比较 ,GF低压复苏重症非控制性失血性休克能显著降低再灌注期脂质过氧化反应程度 ,维持较稳定的血流动力学 ,降低动物死亡率。

Anti-oxidation Activity in Vitro of Polysaccharides of Dendrobium Huoshanense and Dendrobium moniliforme

[ Objective ] The aim was to study the effects of polysaccharides of Dendrobium Huoshanense and Dendrobium moniliforme on oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation in vitro. [ Method] The scavenging action on .OH of polysaccharides, the inhibition action on O2^- of polysaccharides, MDA production of lipid peroxidation were measured by Fenton reaction, self oxidation system of C6H3（ OH）3 and TBA method respectively. [ Result] The half scavenging concentration on ·OH of potysaccharides of Dendrobium Huoshanense and Dendrobium moniliforme was 6.79 and 6.75 mg/ml respectively. As to their half inhibition concentration on O2 , the data was 3, 04 and 3.44 mg/ml respectively. Two kinds of Dendrobium polysaccharides bothhad inhibitory actions on lipid peroxidation of liver homogenate induced by auto-oxidation and inducedoxidation, and they could alleviate oxidation damages of mice liver mitochondria induced by Vc-Fe2＋ system. [Conclusion] Two kinds of Dendrobium polysacchaddes both had remarkable anti-oxidation activity in vitro.

Effects of Water─soluble Components Isolated from Salviamilltiorrhiza on Oxygen Free Radical Generation and LipidPeroxidation

The effects of water─soluble components isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza on oxygen free radical prodction and lipid peroxidation were estimated. Five components(10 μmol/L)were shown to inhibit superoxide anion generation by xanthine─xanthine oxidase system. It was also demonstrated that six components( 100 μmol/L) prevented H_2O_2─induced hemolysis and MDA fonnation in mouse erythrocytes.The effects of Sal A, Sal B, Sal C and Ros A were dose dependent. In Langendorff rat heart, pretreatment with Sal A 20μmol/L significantly prevented MDA production induced by 30 min reoxygenation after 45 min anoxia.The results indicated that there were also other potent antioxidant componentts in Salvia milliorrhiza besides Dphl and Pal. The protection of Sal A against myocardial anoxiareoxygenation inury may be mainly ascribed to its oxygen free radical scavenging activity.

The Effects of Folium Perillae Extract on Blood Fat and Lipid per Oxidation of Rabbit with Hyperlipemia

[Objective] The preventive and therapeutic effects of Folium perillae extract （FPE） on hyperlipemia induced by feeding rabbit with high fat forage were observed. [Method] The high fat and cholesterol diet were adopted to create the hyperlipemia model of rabbit. The rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups which were NC（ normal control）group, HLM （high lipid model） group, LFPE, MFPE and HFPE group （low, middle, high dosage of FPE were 0.17 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg respectively）. The contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, MDA and the activity of SOD in serum were detected respectively. [ Result] The three FPE groups could decrease the contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA significantly （P〈0.01） compared with these of HLM group, and the contents of HDL-C （P〈0.01） and the activity of SOD （P〈0.05 ） in serum was increased significantly. [Conclusion] FPE could regulate blood-fat and counteract lipid peroxidation.

Effects of Perilla Seed on Blood Lipid Regulation and Lipid Peroxidation of Coturnix coturnix with Hyperlipidemia

[ Objective ] Study on the effect of perilla seed on blood lipid regulation and peroxidation of Coturnix coturnix with hyperlipidemia. [ Method ] The high-lipid.diet was fed to establish the high lipid model of Coturnix coturnix. The normal control group, high lipid model group, high dose of perilla seed group（2.5 g/kg）, low dose of perilla seed group （0.83 g/kg） were designed to measure the contents of total cholesterol （TC）, three acids glyceride （TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol （VLDL-C） and malondialdehyde （MDA）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity. [ Result] All the test groups could decrease TC ,TG,LDL-C and MDA content and significantly increase the HDL-C content （p 〈 0.01） and SOD activity（p 〈 0.01 ） in serum. [ Conclusion] Perilla seed has the blood lipid regulation and peroxidation function.

Novel Stilbene Glycosides from Polygonum multiflorum

Two new stilbene glycosides (1 and 2), together with nine known compounds (3-11), were isolated from the water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 2D NMR experiments. Compound 2 showed strong DNA cleavage activity, and compounds 1, 2 and 10 (2, 3, 4′, 5_tetrahydroxy_ trans _stilbene_2_O_β_ D _glucopyranoside) exhibited significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Protective Effects of Tea Polyphenol on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats and Its Scavenging Oxy-radical and Anticerebral Lipid Peroxidation Effects

AIM To study the protective effects of tea polyphenol (TP) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and its scavenging oxygen free radical(OFR) activities and antilipid peroxidation in vitro . METHODS Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury was produced by bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries with vagus nerves and reperfusion for 45 min. The mitochondrial lipid peroxidation of rat brain induced by oxygen free radical was measured by thiobarbituric acid spectrophotometry. Superoxide anion (O 2) from xanthine xanthine oxidase system and hydroxyl radical (·OH) from Fe 2+ -H 2O 2 system were determined with spectrophotometry. RESULTS During Cerebral ischemia reperfusion,TP improved the activities of superoxide dismutase ( P 【0 05), GSH peroxidase( P 【0 01) and catalase( P 【0 01), while decreasing the maiondialdchyde content in the brain( P 【0 05) and brain water content ( P 【0 01). Tea polyphenol possessed significantly scavenging effects on ·OH produced by Fenton reaction and O 2 produced by xanthine xanthine oxidase system (the IC 50 were 2 2 mmol·L -1 and 1 9 mmol·L -1 respectively). Tea polyphenol could significant inhibit the lipid peroxidation of cerbral mitochondrial membrane induced by ·OH in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION The results indicate that tea polyphenol could protect the injury on cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats for OFR, these effects may be related to its scavenging effects on oxygen free radicals and antilipid peroxidant.

Study on Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation from Pea Crops of Platean

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to discuss the effect of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation from pea crops of plateau. [ Method] SOD enzyme liquid from pea crops of plateau was extracted by means of protein concentration assay, enzyme activity assay and antioxidant activity determination by DPPH method, peroxide activity inhibition of in vitro tissues from mice by homogenate MDA colorimetry method and lipid peroxidation assay of in vitro tissues. [ Result ] IC50 of the crude enzyme liquid extracted from pea on DPPH was 55.16 mg/L, while the scavenging rate of the crude enzyme liquid was lower than that of ascorbic acid, tea polyphenol and citric acid with the same concentration. The synergistic effect was found in ascorbic acid and crude enzyme liquid, but the synergism of ascorbic acid was better than that of citric acid. IC50 of SOD enzyme liquid extracted from pea on DPPH was 11.1 mg/L, which was better than that of tea polyphenol and closely similar to that of ascorbic acid. SOD enzyme liquid extracted from pea had an inhibitory effect on MDA production from in vitro tissues such as liver, kidney and heart, especially for a significantly inhibitory effect on MDA from liver in vitro. When the concentration was 0.25 mg/ml, the inhibition rate reached 78.3%, and then the inhibition rate increased little with the concentration incresas, while its effect on heart and kidney were inferior. [ Conclusion] SOD crude enzyme liquid and SOD enzyme liquid extracted from pea all have certain DPPH scavenging capacity, while SOD enzyme liquid extracted from pea has an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation.

The Effects of Captopril and Cicaprost on Changes of Cardiac Membrane Fluidity and Lipid Peroxidation

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the protective actions of captopril and cicaprost on changes of membrane fluidity of cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells exposed to anoxia and sugar deprivation.Lipid peroxidation level estimated by determining the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS)content and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)released in culture medium was also observed in order to examine other membrane-related changes due to anoxia.Membrane fluidity was monitored by measuring changes in the steady state fluorescence anisotropy(r_s)by fluorescence spectroscopy.The r_s value,TBARS level and LDH release were significantly increased after 3 h anoxia.Captopril(180 μmol/L),cicaprost(30 nmol/L)and indomethacin(1μmol/L)did not alter r_s, TBARS level and LDH activity of normal cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells.However,both captopril and cicaprost significantly prevented the increases of r_s,TBARS content and LDH release in those cells exposed to anoxia and sugar deprivation.lndomethacin abolished the actions of captopril on TBARS production and LDH release,but maintained its membrane fluidity protection.These results indicate that captopril and cicaprost protect membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation changes in anoxia- injured myocardial cells.The action mechanism of captopril may be due,in part,to stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis and/or release.

Effects of Heavy-ion Beams Irradiation on Survival Rate and Antioxidant Enzymes of Sweet Sorghum Seedlings

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of heavy-ion beams irradiation on the seed germination potential, survival rate, antioxidant enzyme activi- ties and lipid peroxidation of sweet sorghum. [Method] The dry seeds were irradiated by ＇2（36. heavy ion beams with absorbed doses： 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 Gy, respectively. Then, the seed germination potential, survival rate, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of sweet sorghum were measured. [Result] Heavy-ion beams irradiation exhibited different influence on germination potential and survival rates. Germination rate showed a downward trend, but the corresponding survival curve of seedlings was saddle-shaped. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and ASA- POD changed in different trends as well. The MDA content rose toward increasing irradiation dose, suggesting that high dose of heavy-ion beams irradiation enhanced the damage to membrane of sweet sorghum seedlings. [Conclusion] After being irra- diated, germination potential and survival rates of sweet sorghum were decreased, and antioxidant enzymes activity changed greatly. This study laid the basis for fur- ther work on breeding and improvement of sweet sorghum irradiated by ,^（12）C^（6＋） heavy ion beams.

Mechanisms of Inhibitory Effects of Breviscapine on Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Brain Mitochondria

The mechanisms by which breviscapine (Bre) inhibits the lipid preoxidation in rat brain mitochondria were investigated. The mitochondrial lipid peroxidation of rat brain induced by oxygen free radical was measured by thiobarbituric acid spectrophotometry. The chelating activities of Bre for Fe 2+ were tested by differential spectrum. Superoxide anion (O 2)from xanthine xanthine oxidase (Xan XO) system and hydroxyl radical (·OH) from FeSO 4 H 2O 2 system were determined with spectrophotometry. It was found that Bre could effectively inhibit the lipid peroxidation of brain mitochondria induced by free radicals driven from Xan XO and FeSO 4 H 2O 2 system. The IC 50 of Bre were 93 01 μmol·L -1 for Xan XO system and 62 18 μmol·L -1 for FeSO 4 H 2O 2 system. Bre also scavenged O 2 and ·OH produced by Xan XO and FeSO 4 H 2O 2 systems. The IC 50 of Bre were 32 63 μmol·L -1 for O - 2 and 20 22 μmol·L -1 for ·OH. Furthermore, the chelating Fe 2+ activity of Bre was shown. It may be concluded that Bre inhibited lipid peroxidation at different stages of the reaction of oxygen free redial with the mitochondria membrane: (1) the formation of ·OH; (2) the initiation of the lipid peroxidation, by chelating Fe 2+ and scavenging O 2 as well as ·OH. The scavenging oxygen free radicals and chelating iron are the mechanisms of inhibitory effect of Bre on lipid peroxidation.

Studies on the Anti-lipid Peroxidative Actions of the Methanolic Extract of the Root of Aegle marmelos and Its Constituents In Vivo and In Vitro

The inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract of the root of Aegle marmelos (MERA) and its constituents on the lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro were studied. The results suggested that MERA increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH-peroxidase in the liver cytosol of mice, but showed no significant effect on the activity of catalase, and one of its major constituents, 4-methoxy-1-methyl-2-quinolone (MMQ) increased the activity of SOD in liver tissue of mice intoxicated with FeCl2-ascorbic acid (AA)-ADP in vivo. Various constituents isolated from the root of title plant inhibited the lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate, which was in vitro induced by FeCl2-ascorbic acid, CCl4-NADPH, or ADP- NADPH. Of the test compounds, MMQ and its derivatives integriquinolone were similar to (-tocopherol in inhibiting MDA production in rat liver microsomes induced by Fe2+-ascorbate, CCl4-NADPH, or ADP-NADPH.

Role of oxygen free radicals in patients with acute pancreatitis

AIM:The generation of oxygen free radicals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of oxygen free radicals in patients with acute pancreatitis. METHODS:The plasma levels of C-reactive protein(CRP), lipid peroxide(LPO),myeloperoxidase(MPO)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured in 13 patients with acute pancreatitis and 14 healthy volunteers. RESULTS:Among the patients with acute pancreatitis,there were higher plasma levels of LPO and MPO and lower SOD activity in patients with severe pancreatitis than in those with mild pancreatitis.However,there was no significant difference in the serum marker of oxidative stress no matter what the etiology was.The LPO level was especially correlated with the concentration of serum CRP and CT severity index. CONCLUSION:The oxygen free radicals may be closely associated with inflammatory process and the severity of acute pancreatitis.Especially,the concentration of plasma LPO is a meaningful index for determining the severity of the disease.

Oxidative stress and damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions and IgA nephropathy

Objective: To estimate the oxidative stress and oxidative damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients' bodies. Methods: Seventy-two IgA N patients (IgANP) and 72 healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study design, in which the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric mothods. Results: Compared with the HAV group, the averages of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), while those ofVC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Linear correlation analysis showed that with the increase of the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes, and with the decrease of those ofVC, VE, β-CAR,SOD, CAT and GPX in the IgAN patients, the degree of histological damage of tubulointerstitial regions was increased gradually (P＜0.0001); and that with the prolongation of the duration of disease the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes were increased gradually, while those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and GPX were decreased gradually (P＜0.005). The discriminatory correct rates of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damage of the IgAN patients were 73.8%-92.5%, and the correct rates for the HAV were 70.0%-91.3% when independent discriminant analysis was used; and the correct rate for the IgAN patients was increased to 98.8%, the correct rate for the HAV was increased to 100% when stepwise discriminant analysis was used. The above biochemical parameters' reliability coefficient (alpha) were used to estimate the oxidative damage of the IgAN patients as 0.8145, the standardized item alpha=0.9730, F=53273.5681, P＜0.0001. Conclusions: A series of free radical chain reactions caused serious pathological aggravation in the IgANP' bodies, thus resulting in oxidative damage in their bodies. In treating IgANP, therefore, it is necessary that suitable dose antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate the oxidative damage in their bodies.

Imbalanced free radicals and antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenia:A comparative study

Objective: To examine changes of blood oxidative-antiovidative level in schizophrenic patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods: Forty-six Chinese patients met DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor- ders-IV) criteria for schizophrenia and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Baseline psychiatric symptom severity was assessed with brief psychiatric rating scale, positive and negative syndrome scale on the blood draw day. Fresh blood samples were collected to measure levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells by spectrophotometric assays simultaneously. Results: Comparison of the biochemical parameters indicated that the level of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide increased in patient group, which represented a positive correlation with positive scale scores; while the activities of three critical enzymes decreased and showed a negative linear correlation. Conclusion: This study showed that there are dysregulation of free radical metabolism and poor activities of the antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenic patients. Excess free radicals formation may play a critical role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Using antioxidants might be an effective therapeutic approach to partially alleviate or prevent the symptoms of schizophrenia.

Studies on the Effects on Growth and Antioxidant Responses of Two Marine Microalgal Species to Uniconazole

Uniconazole, as a plant growth retardant, can enhance stress tolerance in plants, possibly because of improved antioxidation defense mechanisms with higher activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) enzymes that retard lipid peroxidation and membrane deterioration. These years much attention has been focused on the responses of antioxidant system in plants to uniconazole stress, but such studies on aquatic organism are very few. Moreover, no information is available on growth and antioxidant response in marine microalgae to uniconazole. In this paper, the growth and antioxidant responses of two marine microalgal species, Platymonas helgolandica and Pavlova viridis, at six uniconazole concentrations(0-15 mg L-1) were investigated. The results demonstrated that 3 mg L-1 uniconazole could increase significantly chlorophyll a and carbohydrate contents of P. helgolandica(P < 0.05). Higher concentrations(≥12 mg L-1) of uniconazole could inhibit significantly the growth, dry weight, chlorophyll-a and carbohydrate contents of P. helgolandica and P. viridis(P < 0.05). Uniconazole caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation production(MDA) at higher concentrations(≥ 9 mg L-1). The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were enhanced remarkably at low concentrations of uniconazole. However, significant reduction of SOD and CAT activities was observed at higher concentrations of uniconazole.

Enzyme responses and lipid peroxidation in gills and hepatopancreas of clam Mactra vereformis, following cadmium exposure

To assess the toxicity of heavy metal pollution to marine intertidal shellfish, enzymatic responses and lipid peroxidation were investigated in the clam Mactra vereformis exposed to cadmium under laboratory conditions. Three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx), two immune defense enzymes (acid phosphatase, ACP; alkaline phosphatase, ALP), and one lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde, MDA) were measured in the gills and the hepatopancreas of the clam exposed to 0, 25, 75, and 125 μg/L cadmium for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 d. The results show that the concentrations of antioxidant enzymes in the organs soared to a peak value on the first day and then decreased afterwards in most cases. CAT and GPx activities in the hepatopancreas were higher than in the gills, but the SOD activity was lower in the hepatopancreas. ACP activity was unchanged until Day 3 in the hepatopancreas and until Day 5 in gills, when it began to increase. ALP activity showed no significant relationship with Cd treatment. MDA concentrations increased in the two tissues after Cd exposure, peaked on Day 3 in gills, and on Day 5 in hepatopancreas. These observations show that changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ACP reflect the time course of oxidative stress in the clam caused by Cd, and could be used as potential biomarkers for ecotoxicological bioassays of heavy metals.

Anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries by picroside Ⅱ

AIM: To investigate the anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of liver mitochondria against injuries in mice with liver damage by picroside Ⅱ. METHODS: Three animal models of liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4: 0.1 mL/10 g, ip), D-galactasamine (D-GaIN: 500 mg/kg, ip) and acetaminophen (AP: 0.15 g/kg, ip) were respectively treated with various concentrations of picroside Ⅱ (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, ig). Then we chose the continuously monitoring method (recommended by International Clinical Chemistry League) to analyze serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values, Marland method to detect the activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver mitochondria, TBA colorimetry to determine the content of malonicdialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, DTNB method to evaluate the activity of glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) and Lowry method to detect protein level in liver tissue. Meanwhile, effects of picroside Ⅱ on the activity of ATPase and swelling extent of mitochondria in hepatocytes damaged by AP were also evaluated. RESULTS: Picroside Ⅱ could significantly prevent liver toxicity in the three models of liver damage. It decreased the high levels of ALT and AST in serum induced by the administration of CCl4, D-GaIN and AP, reduced the cellular damage of liver markedly, and appeared to be even more potent than the positive control drug of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate pilules (DDB). In groups treated with different doses of picroside Ⅱ, compared to the model group, the content of MDA in serum decreased evidently, whereas the content of SOD and GSH-Px increased in a dose dependent manner, and the difference was statistically significant. Further, in the study of AP model, picroside Ⅱ inhibited AP-induced liver toxicity in mice, enhanced the activity of ATPase, improved the swelling extent of mitochondria and helped to maintain a normal balance of energy metabolism. CONCLUSION: Picroside II can evidently relieve hepatocyte injuries induced by CCI4, D-GaIN and AP, help scavenge free radicals, protect normal constructions of mitochondria membrane and enhance the activity of ATPase in mitochondria, thereby modulating the balance of liver energy metabolism, which might be part of the mechanisms of hepatoprotective effects of picroside Ⅱ.