自主式水下机器人故障特征增强方法

针对小波方法对自主式水下机器人(AUV)纵向速度进行外部随机干扰抑制时存在的过抑制问题,提出一种AUV纵向速度信号故障特征增强与外部随机干扰抑制方法,采用自适应随机共振方法实现AUV纵向速度信号的随机共振,以达成外部随机干扰能量向故障信号能量的转移;针对AUV纵向速度信号的非周期特性,基于AUV纵向速度信号与周期信号驱动下双稳系统输出信号实验数据,分析AUV纵向速度信号驱动下布朗粒子运动状态。水池实验结果表明:所提方法相对小波方法故障信号特征增强效果为70.66%,避免了过抑制问题,且布朗粒子仅在负势阱内运动。

Effects of Photoinhibition and Its Recovery on Photosynthetic Functions of Winter Wheat Under Salt Stress

Effects of photoinhibition and its recovery on photosynthetic functions of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salt stress were studied. The results showed that several parameters associated with PSⅡ functions, e.g. Fv/Fo?Fv/Fm and qP were not influenced by lower salt concentration (200 mmol/L NaCl) while CO 2 assimilation rate decreased significantly. When exposed to higher salt concentration (400 mmol/L NaCl), PSⅡ functions were significantly inhibited which led to the decrease of carbon assimilation. These results suggest that different concentrations of salt stress affected photosynthesis by different modes. Salt stress made photosynthesis more sensitive to strong light and led to more serious photoinhibition. Under lower concentration of salt stress, the Q B-non-reductive PSⅡ reaction centers formed at the beginning of photoinhibition could be effectively used to compose active PSⅡ reaction center (RC) and repair the reversible inactivated PSⅡ RC. Under higher concentration of salt stress, PSⅡ reaction centers were seriously damaged during photoinhibition, the Q B-non-reductive PSⅡ RC could only be partly effective at the early time of photoinhibition, thus led to the accumulation of Q B-non-reductive PSⅡ RC in the course of restoration under dim light.

Flotation techniques for separation of diaspore from bauxite using Gemini collector and starch depressant

The floatability of diaspore and three kinds of silicate minerals,including kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite,by a cationic Gemini surfactant as collector and starch as depressant was investigated as function of reagents concentration and pulp pH.Further studies of artificially mixed minerals and bauxite ore were also detailedly conducted.At last,the pre-desliming reverse flotation separation process was adopted.It can be concluded that the combinational use of a Gemini cationic collector and the starch depressant is effective.The concentrates with Al2O3 to SiO2 mass ratio of 9.66 and the recovery of Al2O3 of 71.73% are obtained from natural bauxite ore(A/S=5.70) at pH value of around 10.

Regulated Gene Expression with Promoters Responding to Inducers

Genetically engineered transgenic animals and plants have proven to be extremely useful for analyzing biochemical and developmental processes.Promoters responding to chemical inducers will be powerful tools for basic research in molecular biology and biotechnological applications.Various chemical inducible systems based on activation and inactivation of the target gene had been described.The transfer of regulatory elements from prokaryotes,insects,and mammals has opened new avenues to construct chemically inducible promoters that differ in their ability to regulate the temporal and spatial expression patterns,and this will dramatically increase the application of transgenic technology.This review provides an overview on regulation of gene expression,promoter activating systems,promoter inactivation systems,inducible gene over expression,and inducible anti suppression.

IMC based robust PID controller tuning for disturbance rejection

It is well-known that the IMC-PID controller tuning gives fast and improved set point response but slow disturbance rejection. A modification has been proposed in IMC-PID tuning rule for the improved disturbance rejection. For the modified IMC-PID tuning rule, a method has been developed to obtain the IMC-PID setting in closed-loop mode without acquiring detailed information of the process. The proposed method is based on the closed-loop step set point experiment using a proportional only controller with gain K_(c0). It is the direct approach to find the PID controller setting similar to classical Ziegler-Nichols closed-loop method. Based on simulations of a wide range of first-order with delay processes, a simple correlation has been derived to obtain the modified IMC-PID controller settings from closed-loop experiment. In this method, controller gain is a function of the overshoot obtained in the closed loop set point experiment. The integral and derivative time is mainly a function of the time to reach the first peak(overshoot). Simulation has been conducted for the broad class of processes and the controllers were tuned to have the same degree of robustness by measuring the maximum sensitivity, Ms, in order to obtain a reasonable comparison. The PID controller settings obtained in the proposed tuning method show better performance and robustness with other two-step tuning methods for the broad class of processes. It has also been applied to temperature control loop in distillation column model. The result has been compared to the open loop tuning method where it gives robust and fast response.

Wnt5a Signaling A New and Attractive Target for Specific Anticancer Therapy

Wnt signaling has been shown to engage a multifunctional pathway that is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of normal and pathologic processes, including embryogenesis, differentiation and tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Wnt5a expression is frequently seen in various human cancers. In contrast to the transforming members of the Wnt family, shown to be upregulated in many cancers, the role of Wnt5a is still controversial in its expression in different tumors. There is increasing evidence that Wnt5a has tumor suppressor function in some malignancies, and in addition, it elicits promigratory and proinvasive effects via the planar cell polarity pathway, which suggests that Wnt5a might be an effective marker for the progression and prognosis of tumors. Obviously, the outcome of Wnt5a signaling is dependent on a multitude of variables, ranging from receptors, downstream effectors and inhibitors, to external influences coming from the tumor microenvironment. This review will focus on the role of Wnt5a signaling and, as a consequence, provide an outline describing the expression and functions of Wnt5a in cancer progression.

Noise degradation system using Wiener filter and CORDIC based FFT/IFFT processor

On augmentation of past work, an effective Wiener filter and its application for noise suppression combined with a formed CORDIC based FFT/IFFT processor with improved speed were executed. The pipelined methodology was embraced for expanding the execution of the system. The proposed Wiener filter was planned in such an approach to evacuate the iteration issues in ordinary Wiener filter. The division process was supplanted by a productive inverse and multiplication process in the proposed design. An enhanced design for matrix inverse with reduced computation complexity was executed. The wide-ranging framework processing was focused around IEEE-754 standard single precision floating point numbers. The Wiener filter and the entire system design was integrated and actualized on VIRTEX 5 FPGA stage and re-enacted to approve the results in Xilinx ISE 13.4. The results show that a productive decrease in power and area is developed by adjusting the proposed technique for speech signal noise degradation with latency of n/2 clock cycles and substantial throughput result per every 12 clock cycles for n-bit precision. The execution of proposed design is exposed to be 31.35% more effective than that of prevailing strategies.

Synthesis of thiadiazole-based Schiff base metal complexes and their inhibition rate to superoxide anion free radical

A new series of Schiff base ligands were synthesized by the condensation of 2-amino-5-mercaptan-l,3,4-thiadiazole and salicylaldehyde or 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and their derivatives with choroacetic acid, and further reaction with corresponding metal acetate to form metal complexes. The compositions and structures of the ligands and their complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivities, electronic absorption spectra and infra-red spectra. Their inhibition rates to free radical, such as O2, were also tested. The results show that all of the obtained complexes display significant activities, among which the copper（Ⅱ） complexes have the best inhibitive effects.

miRNA studies in in vitro and in vivo activated hepatic stellate cells

AIM: To understand which and how different miRNAs are implicated in the process of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. METHODS: We used microarrays to examine the differential expression of miRNAs during in vitro activation of primary HSCs (pHSCs). The transcriptome changes upon stable transfection of rno-miR-146a into an HSC cell line were studied using cDNA microarrays. Selected differentially regulated miRNAs were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction during in vivo HSC activation. The effect of miRNA mimics and inhibitor on the in vitro activation of pHSCs was also evaluated.RESULTS: We found that 16 miRNAs were upregulated and 26 were downregulated significantly in 10-d in vitro activated pHSCs in comparison to quiescent pHSCs. Overexpression of rno-miR-146a was characterized by marked upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, which is implicated in the regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α activity. Differences in the regulation of selected miRNAs were observed comparing in vitro and in vivo HSC activation. Treatment with miR-26a and 29a mimics, and miR-214 inhibitor during in vitro activation of pHSCs induced significant downregulation of collagen type Ⅰ transcription. CONCLUSION: Our results emphasize the different regulation of miRNAs in in vitro and in vivo activated pHSCs. We also showed that miR-26a, 29a and 214 are involved in the regulation of collagen type I mRNA.

Enrichment of Resveratrol in Wine through a New Vinification Procedure

Sulphur dioxide is used in the vinification process as an antimicrobial agent, but it is also considered as an important risk factor for liver diseases. Stilbenes have inhibitory effects on the growth of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from wine. The authors investigated the viability of obtaining free-SO2 resveratrol-enriched red wines. Substitution of sulfite （7 g/100kg） for resveratrol （150 mg/L and 300 mg/L） in the vinification process did not change the basic physical and chemical properties of wine or its sensorial profile To the best of the authors＇ knowledge this is the first time that this type of vinification procedure is reported.

THE INCREASE IN PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR TYPE-1 EXPRESSION BY STIMULATION OF ACTIVATORS FOR PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Objective.To investigate the effect of peroxis ome proliferator-activated recept ors(PPARs )activators on plasminogen activator inhibitor ty pe-1(PAI-1)expression in human umbilical vein e ndothelial cells and the possi-ble mechanism.Methods.Human umbilical vein endothelial ce lls(HUVECs )were obtained from normal fetus,and cul-tured conventionally.Then the HUVECs were exposed to test agents(linolenic acid,linoleic acid,oleic acid,stearic acid and prostaglandin J 2 respectively)in varying concentrations with fresh media.RT -PCR and ELISA were applied to determine the expression of PPARs and PAI-1in HUVECs.Results.PPARα,PPARδand PPARγmRNA were detected by using RT-PCR in HUVECs.Treatment of HUVECs with PPARαand PPARγactivators---linolenic acid,linoleic acid,oleic acid and prostaglandin J 2 respectively,but not with stearic a cid could augment PAI-I mRNA expression and protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.However,the mRNA expressions of 3subclasses of PPAR with their activators in HUVECs were not changed compared w ith controls.Conclusion.HUVECs express PPARs.PPARs activators may increase PAI-1expression in ECs,but the underlying mechanism remains uncle ar.Although PPARs expression was not enhanced after stimulated by their activators in ECs,the role of functionally active PPARs in regulating PA I-1expression in ECs needs to be further investigated by using transient gen e transfection assay.

Hydrolytic Enzyme Inhibitors and Necrotic Reactions in Potato Leaves Reduce Reproductive Success of Colorado Potato Beetle

In field and laboratory conditions the reproductive potential （survival at different stages of development） of the Colorado potato beetle has been measured, the dependence of the parameters of insects fertility on varietal features of the feed has been investigated, the food activity of the representatives of insects from four areas of the Southern Urals has been measured, the intensity and time of hypersensitivity reactions on potato leaves has been defined. In laboratory experiments, the level of activity of hydrolytic enzymes in insects and the level of activity of these enzymes inhibitors in the leaves of three potato varieties differing in their resistance to the Colorado potato beetle have been determined. The results show that the insects-representatives of different samples have different food activity in relation to different potato varieties. High mortality rates were revealed at feeding with leaves of potato of the Bashkir variety characterized by a high level of hydrolases inhibitors and relatively rapid development of necrotic reactions after the appearance of eggs laying on the leaves. We suppose that the neerogenetic barrier appearing in the form of necrosis is the major cause of the fetal mortality of insects. The level of the content of inhibitors inactivating larvae digestive enzymes affects the survival of insects at postembryonic stages. The speed of the necrosis emergence, the level of activity of digestive enzymes inhibitors in potato can be considered as criteria for the selection of breeding material for resistance to the Colorado potato beetle.

Novel N-hit single event transient mitigation technique via open guard transistor in 65 nm bulk CMOS process

In this paper,we proposed a new n-channel MOS single event transient(SET) mitigation technique,which is called the open guard transistor(OGT) technique.This hardening scheme is compared with several classical n-channel MOS hardening structures through 3-D TCAD simulations.The results show that this scheme presents about 35% improvements over the unhardened scheme for mitigating the SET pulse,and its upgrade,the 2-fringe scheme,takes on even more than 50% improvements over the unhardened one.This makes significant sense for the semi-conductor device reliability.

Progress in Study on Synergism and Detoxification of Chinese Medicine for Glucocorticoid

Glucocorticoid(GC) plays an important role in anti-inflammatory,anti-allergic effects and immunosuppression,and has become a widely used drug in clinical departments.However,GC also produces a number of serious side effects at the same time.After GC acting on human body,the syndrome change has some regular pattern and it can be treated on the basis of syndrome differentiation and stage to aim at further improving therapeutic efficacy.The Chinese medicine can reduce the side effects of GC when treating the primary disease,thus plays a role in Synergism and Detoxification.

p38α MAP kinase phosphorylates RCAN1 and regulates its interaction with calcineurin

RCAN1, also known as DSCR1, is an endogenous regulator of calcineurin, a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that plays a critical role in many physiological processes. In this report, we demonstrate that p38a MAP kinase can phosphorylate RCAN1 at multiple sites in vitro and show that phospho-RCAN1 is a good protein substrate for calcineurin. In addition, we found that unphosphorylated RCANI noncompetitively inhibits calcineurin protein phosphatase activity and that the phosphorylation of RCAN1 by p38a MAP kinase decreases the binding affinity of RCAN1 for calcineurin. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism by which p38a MAP kinase regulates the function of RCAN1/calcineurin through phosphorylation.