Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier ...Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier on the porous flat support with rough surface such as monolith than on the smooth non-porous supports like glass slide and stainless steel plate.The film on the monolith had the highest uniformity and smallest size of crystals.The catalytic property of monolithsupported film was tested for epoxidation of allyl chloride(ACH)by H2O2in a fixed bed reactor.Under the condition of a methanol(solvent)/ACH(90% )/H2O2(30% )ratio of 12:1:1,a LHSV of 1.35 h-1and a temperature of 318 K,the conversion of allyl chloride and the selectivity to epichlorohydrin reached 79% and 51% ,respectively.展开更多
Solid oxide fuel cell–proton exchange membrane(SOFC–PEM) hybrid system is being foreseen as a valuable alternative for power generation. As this hybrid system is a conceptual design, many uncertainties involving inp...Solid oxide fuel cell–proton exchange membrane(SOFC–PEM) hybrid system is being foreseen as a valuable alternative for power generation. As this hybrid system is a conceptual design, many uncertainties involving input values should be considered at the early stage of process optimization. We present in this paper a generalized framework of multi-objective optimization under uncertainty for the synthesis/design optimization of the SOFC–PEM hybrid system. The framework is based on geometric, economic and electrochemical models and focuses on evaluating the effect of uncertainty in operating parameters on three conflicting objectives: electricity efficiency, SOFC current density and capital cost of system. The multi-objective optimization provides solutions in the form of a Pareto surface, with a range of possible synthesis/design solutions and a logical procedure for searching the global optimum solution for decision maker. Comparing the stochastic and deterministic Pareto surfaces of different objectives, we conclude that the objectives are considerably influenced by uncertainties because the two trade-off surfaces are different.展开更多
The technology of anaerobic digestion of sewage and solid wastes regains people＇s attention, mainly due to high price of fossil fuel nowadays in most recent years. The main topic for batch test is to study the inhibi...The technology of anaerobic digestion of sewage and solid wastes regains people＇s attention, mainly due to high price of fossil fuel nowadays in most recent years. The main topic for batch test is to study the inhibitory effect and boundary conditions of organic acid （propionic acid） to anaerobic digesters. High concentrations ofpropionic acid are achieved by direct dosage of the acid. As it is thought to be highly inhibitory to the digester, we are expecting that： （1） the production rate of methane declines and finally stops when the acid gradually accumulates; （2） the propionic acid will displace stronger inhibition under lower pH values. The results of the batch tests will assist engineers to better control anaerobic digesters and react to potential digester crises caused by propionic acid before it is too late.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(No.2011011023-2)for financial support
文摘Titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)films were synthesized on stainless steel plate,glass slide and monolith supports via an in-situ hydrothermal method.Characterization data showed that the formation of TS-1 films was easier on the porous flat support with rough surface such as monolith than on the smooth non-porous supports like glass slide and stainless steel plate.The film on the monolith had the highest uniformity and smallest size of crystals.The catalytic property of monolithsupported film was tested for epoxidation of allyl chloride(ACH)by H2O2in a fixed bed reactor.Under the condition of a methanol(solvent)/ACH(90% )/H2O2(30% )ratio of 12:1:1,a LHSV of 1.35 h-1and a temperature of 318 K,the conversion of allyl chloride and the selectivity to epichlorohydrin reached 79% and 51% ,respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50876117)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CDJXS11141149)
文摘Solid oxide fuel cell–proton exchange membrane(SOFC–PEM) hybrid system is being foreseen as a valuable alternative for power generation. As this hybrid system is a conceptual design, many uncertainties involving input values should be considered at the early stage of process optimization. We present in this paper a generalized framework of multi-objective optimization under uncertainty for the synthesis/design optimization of the SOFC–PEM hybrid system. The framework is based on geometric, economic and electrochemical models and focuses on evaluating the effect of uncertainty in operating parameters on three conflicting objectives: electricity efficiency, SOFC current density and capital cost of system. The multi-objective optimization provides solutions in the form of a Pareto surface, with a range of possible synthesis/design solutions and a logical procedure for searching the global optimum solution for decision maker. Comparing the stochastic and deterministic Pareto surfaces of different objectives, we conclude that the objectives are considerably influenced by uncertainties because the two trade-off surfaces are different.
文摘The technology of anaerobic digestion of sewage and solid wastes regains people＇s attention, mainly due to high price of fossil fuel nowadays in most recent years. The main topic for batch test is to study the inhibitory effect and boundary conditions of organic acid （propionic acid） to anaerobic digesters. High concentrations ofpropionic acid are achieved by direct dosage of the acid. As it is thought to be highly inhibitory to the digester, we are expecting that： （1） the production rate of methane declines and finally stops when the acid gradually accumulates; （2） the propionic acid will displace stronger inhibition under lower pH values. The results of the batch tests will assist engineers to better control anaerobic digesters and react to potential digester crises caused by propionic acid before it is too late.
