过渡金属硝酸盐浸渍对和丰煤表面形貌及热解行为的影响

采用SEM和FTIR技术分析浸渍过渡金属硝酸盐的脱灰和丰煤样(DC)的表面结构变化特征,利用TG-MS和固定床研究煤样的热解和气体逸出行为,探讨金属组分对半焦结构和焦油组成与品质的影响。结果表明:浸渍Fe3+,Ni(2+(和Co2+的硝酸盐后,煤样表面疏松并重构,热解半焦产率增加,焦油产率下降,其中在Fe组分的作用下,焦油产率比DC热解焦油产率低53.71%。Fe3+有利于CO和CO2的生成。XRD结果表明:Ni盐经由分解为NiO和还原生成Ni的过程来影响煤样的热解行为,而Fe和Co的作用形态主要为Fe2O3和Co3O4。在Ni和Co组分的催化作用下,半焦的不饱和度增加。与DC热解焦油相比,Fe,Ni和Co组分均可增加焦油中的轻质组分含量,促进沸点高于300℃的长链烷烃分解,使得C≥17组分含量分别比无金属组分作用时降低23.12%,11.90%和18.59%。

N,N′——一二(α-氨基吡啶)-3,6-二氧杂辛二酰胺过渡金属硝酸盐配合物的合成与表征

由过渡金属硝酸盐和开链冠醚 N,N′一二 (α氨基吡啶 ) 3 ,6二氧杂辛二酰胺 (L )在非水介质中合成了组成为 [M(L ) ](NO3) 2 · 2 H2 O(M=Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd)的 5种固体配合物 .以元素分析 ,红外光谱 ,核磁共振 ,摩尔电导 ,及热谱等对配合物进行了表征 .结果表明 ,配体在配合物中以四齿方式进行配位 .

Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction Reaction

The accumulation of excessive nitrate in the atmosphere not only jeopardizes human health but also disrupts the balance of the nitrogen cycle in the ecosystem.Among various nitrate removal technologies,electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(eNO_(3)RR)has been widely studied for its advantages of being eco-friendly,easy to operate,and controllable under environmental conditions with renewable energy as the driving force.Transition metal-based catalysts(TMCs)have been widely used in electrocatalysis due to their abundant reserves,low costs,easy-to-regulate electronic structure and considerable electrochemical activity.In addition,TMCs have been extensively studied in terms of the kinetics of the nitrate reduction reaction,the moderate adsorption energy of nitrogen-containing species and the active hydrogen supply capacity.Based on this,this review firstly discusses the mechanism as well as analyzes the two main reduction products(N_(2)and NH_(3))of eNO_(3)RR,and reveals the basic guidelines for the design of efficient nitrate catalysts from the perspective of the reaction mechanism.Secondly,this review mainly focuses on the recent advances in the direction of eNO_(3RR)with four types of TMCs,Fe,Co,Ni and Cu,and unveils the interfacial modulation strategies of Fe,Co,Ni and Cu catalysts for the activity,reaction pathway and stability.Finally,reasonable suggestions and opportunities are proposed for the challenges and future development of eNO_(3)RR.This review provides far-reaching implications for exploring cost-effective TMCs to replace high-cost noble metal catalysts(NMCs)for eNO_(3)RR.

一种微波诱导催化剂及其制备方法

该发明涉及一种微波诱导催化剂及其制备方法。该催化剂的制备方法是：先用浸渍法将稀土元素的硝酸盐加载到经活化后的活性氧化铝上，经一定温度的热处理使稀土元素以氧化物的形式存在于活性氧化铝表面上，制成经稀土元素改性的活性氧化铝。然后再用浸渍法将过渡金属硝酸盐加载到经稀土元素改性的活性氧化铝表面上，由于稀土元素氧化物的存在，热处理后的过渡金属氧化物晶体能更均匀地分布在活性氧化铝表面上，最终制成负载型催化剂。