The application of single nanofiltration （NF） and sequential filtration of microfiltration （MF） and NF for the concentration of vinasse were studied. Filtration experiments were performed at 60 ℃, 500 rpm and dif...The application of single nanofiltration （NF） and sequential filtration of microfiltration （MF） and NF for the concentration of vinasse were studied. Filtration experiments were performed at 60 ℃, 500 rpm and different transmembrane pressures using four commercial membranes： MF, PVDF 0.2 μm; NF, PES 300, 500 and 1000 Da. The process effectiveness was evaluated through the permeate flux and the total solids （TS） concentration in the retentate. Because the retention of TS and permeate fluxes were very similar for MF, PVDF-0.2 membrane at 0.10 MPa was selected because of its lower power consumption. The best conditions tested for NF were the following： PES-1000 at 3.50 MPa with a flux of 183.2 kg/m^2 h at a volume reduction factor （VRF） of 2, under which 68% of solids were retained. For the MF ＋ NF, a PES-1000 at 3.50 MPa was selected because a higher permeate flux was achieved at a VRF of 4, and PES-500 at 3.50 MPa because a higher retention of TS was achieved compared to the other experiments. A single NF resulted in a retentate concentration that was almost twice as high as the hybrid MF and NF process, allowing reduced costs in its transportation from distilleries to distant areas.展开更多
文摘The application of single nanofiltration （NF） and sequential filtration of microfiltration （MF） and NF for the concentration of vinasse were studied. Filtration experiments were performed at 60 ℃, 500 rpm and different transmembrane pressures using four commercial membranes： MF, PVDF 0.2 μm; NF, PES 300, 500 and 1000 Da. The process effectiveness was evaluated through the permeate flux and the total solids （TS） concentration in the retentate. Because the retention of TS and permeate fluxes were very similar for MF, PVDF-0.2 membrane at 0.10 MPa was selected because of its lower power consumption. The best conditions tested for NF were the following： PES-1000 at 3.50 MPa with a flux of 183.2 kg/m^2 h at a volume reduction factor （VRF） of 2, under which 68% of solids were retained. For the MF ＋ NF, a PES-1000 at 3.50 MPa was selected because a higher permeate flux was achieved at a VRF of 4, and PES-500 at 3.50 MPa because a higher retention of TS was achieved compared to the other experiments. A single NF resulted in a retentate concentration that was almost twice as high as the hybrid MF and NF process, allowing reduced costs in its transportation from distilleries to distant areas.
