改造型盆地油气赋存—成藏理论体系纲要

中国沉积盆地的鲜明个性特征之一是后期改造强烈而普遍。此特征深刻地影响着油气的赋存条件和成藏效应,明显增加了地质研究和油气勘探的难度。改造型盆地和盆地复杂改造地区已成为中国油气勘探和资源接替的重要领域。盆地后期改造的主要形式可分为隆升—剥蚀、沉降—深埋、热力作用、流体活动和构造变形五种类型。在自然界,多种地质作用同时参与的复合式改造更为普遍。改造型盆地特征复杂多样,油气赋存和成藏过程集多类含油气盆地中诸多油气藏之众合。本文将改造型盆地油气赋存—成藏的核心理论纲要式归纳为:原盆控源、过程控储、改造控藏、多源成藏、动态聚散、晚期定位。原盆控源,即改造型盆地的烃源岩是在改造前原盆富烃凹陷中所形成,改造后留存的烃源岩规模及特征决定盆地油气的贫富和分布。各类储层的形成和保存总体受岩石原生物质沉积—埋藏成岩和次生改造重塑两大阶段全过程的控制,称之为过程控储。盆地或地区后期改造过程及结果的个性特征直接控制着该地区油气的赋存、成藏—定位和分布特点,即改造控藏。后期多种形式的改造可引发多源油气富集成藏,既含来自不同深度、不同成熟度烃源岩的油气同储成藏,又有源自不同类型、不同世代烃源岩的油气混聚成藏,还包括烃类与各种非烃类气体同储或同盆共存成藏。盆地经受多期次构造变动和改造必然导致油气发生多次动态聚散和晚期成藏—定位。将晚期成藏与定位连在一起就较全面地概括和体现了不同时代盆地大多油气藏形成的要点和勘探界关注的重点。

Memory Based Scheme to Monitor Non-Random Small Shift Patterns in Manufacturing Process

Consistent high-quality and defect-free production is the demand of the day. The product recall not only increases engineering and manufacturing cost but also affects the quality and the reliability of the product in the eye of users. The monitoring and improvement of a manufacturing process are the strength of statistical process control. In this article we propose a process monitoring memory-based scheme for continuous data under the assumption of normality to detect small non-random shift patterns in any manufacturing or service process.The control limits for the proposed scheme are constructed. The in-control and out-of-control average run length(AVL) expressions have been derived for the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. Robustness to non-normality has been tested after simulation study of the run length distribution of the proposed scheme, and the comparisons with Shewhart and exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA) schemes are presented for various gamma and t-distributions. The proposed scheme is effective and attractive as it has one design parameter which differentiates it from the traditional schemes. Finally, some suggestions and recommendations are made for the future work.