Policy Developments and Politics in Brazil： The Digital TV Decision-Making Process

Using an analytical narrative approach to understand policy change, this paper explores the Brazilian government decision to create a digital TV policy initiating major reforms in this sector. The analysis is centered on the actors, preferences, and choices. The article is divided into three parts： （1） We address the historical institutionalism assumptions; （2） We focus on the politics of digital TV policy in Brazil; and （3） The results are highlighted, and ＂winners＂ and ＂losers＂ are identified. Actors, preferences, and choices are historically observed and related to the government decision about rules of digital TV exploitation. It provides configurational evidence that makes it possible to associate major changes to two presidential decrees （n° 4.901/2003 and n° 5.820/2006） that reflect the preferences and behavior of the main actor （broadcasters, social movements, and federal government） around the new digital TV issues. The Brazilian case shows an institutional model in which federal government＇s decisions are strongly connected with the preferences of the actor broadcasters and goes against the actor social movements.

The Analysis on Item-group Competition Olympic Gold Athlete＇ s Success Factor in China

Skills leading class project including the backlash against, the nets of combat. To compete against, 3 groups against the crowd at the Asian games and the Olympic Games. The gold medal up a significant portion of the distribution, fighting against sex and the nets to resistance is the advantage of China＇s competitive sports items. With modern training development, in today＇s big games is confrontational project on athletes. Fitness put forward higher request, our country adversarial program in athletes. Physically and foreign athletes, there are still some difference, need to roll out. For this, this paper, from the perspective of comparative study, tries to combat fight, the nets against, physical stamina training to compete against the comparative study. The characteristics of the dialysis physical stamina training, in order to arrange different scientific against body training and promote training methods and means to provide optimization.

On the status and role of social sports in urban development

The importance of social sports in urban development show that it makes the quality of urban residents greatly improved and becomes a strong surge of power to promote the development of economy; it makes the cultural connotations of the city more abundant and becomes the propeller of urban cultural development. And the specific roles show that it forms the group of physical and mental health in the city; it makes sports become an important part of people＇ s lives; it cultivates and enhances the citizens＇ sense of honor; it improves the urban management and enhances the image of the city.

Effective measures to study the future development of social sports

Community sports mean the workers, farmers, and other residents of the street, voluntarily participate diverse content-rich forms of mass sports activities in order to promote good health in their leisure time. Social Sports are a fundamental part of the mass sports in China, it has entirely voluntary amateur principle distinct from a high level of competitive sports, but also different from school sports and military sports with certain mandatory ingredients.

Sports Games Theory and Practice of Teaching in Physical Fitness

The prevalence of physical fitness is for school to teach methods single-issue research, students try to find suitable ways and means of physical and mental exercise, play sports and fitness educational value of the original features. The traditional physical education is to become a vibrant so that life becomes boring exercises. The students＇ passive learning is for active participation, so that physical exercise achieves sterile body, sterile heart function, rich life, regulating mood, emotional exchange, harmonious sense of community for students to experience the joy of sports environment to promote the development of students＇ physical and mental health.

The Traditional Media and the Social Movement： A Study of Approaches on Brazilian and Spanish Newspapers About Landless Movements and Human Rights

In this paper, we make an argument around two elements greatly connected on the setting of neoliberal globalization： traditional media and social movements. More specifically, our proposition in this research is to conduct a comparative study of online versions of two newspapers, the Brazilian newspaper Folha de S^o Paulo and the Spanish El Mundo. Considering this, we analyze the coverage of these vehicles in 2010, a period of presidential elections in Brazil, on the MST （Landless Movement） from the perspective of DH （human rights） Adopting a critical, historical, and dialectical view, we use the theoretical assumptions of Roland Barthes Douglas Kellner, Joaquin Herrera Flores, and David S~.nchez Rubio

Communication for Social Mobilization： An Evaluative Study of the National Immunization Campaign in Nigeria

This study critically evaluates the communication strategies used in the campaign for social mobilization for the National Programme on Immunization in Nigeria. Its objective is to determine the communication factors that contributed to the participation of individuals and groups in the programme at the federal, state, and local government levels. Fifty four subjects, consisting of five policy and decision makers in health, information, and education sectors, five community leaders, 15 media personnel, 15 state health officials, 20 LGA officials, 12 representatives of non-governmental organizations, five opinion leaders, seven clinic staff, six state health officials, and eight mothers were purposively selected from the federal level and two states; Imo and Kano states of Nigeria. Methodology used for data collection includes individual and group interviews and critical evaluation instruments. Findings show that the mass campaign strategy proved to be the most effective strategy for reaching both rural and urban dwellers and specific groups with immunization messages. The alliance between the health workers and community leaders, social groups, NGOs and the information education sectors, had a multiplier effect on the campaign and helped to create feelings of solidarity. The ubiquitous channels of traditional and religious leaders and youth groups helped to spread immunization messages and gain support for the programme. Women and women groups were adequately involved at the federal level and in Imo State, a Christian state in the South-East. This was not the case in Kano State, a Muslim state in the north due to sociocuitural factors. The sustainability of the programme lies in more integration, more intersectoral collaboration, more institutionalization, more quality verification, more decentralization, greater local political commitment, and a multistrategic approach to campaign planning and implementation.

The practical significance of Outward Bound in colleges

Outward Bound in colleges have far-reaching value and significance. Outward Bound activities in favor of school to further implement the national education policy, to promote the implementation of the Sunshine Sports to promote campus spiritual civilization, to broaden the space of Physical Education; same time it is also beneficial to develop students ＇interest in sport, develop students＇ teamwork, to promote the physical and mental health of students, improve students＇ social adaptability. To expand the training to maximize the function of colleges and universities, but also in the education sector especially sports workers continue to work hard, make a greater contribution to the development of universities and students.