G804.8 20013309体育运动中选择性注意的国外研究现状=Statusquo of researches On selective attention inforeign countries’ sports[刊,中,A]/朱锓,章建成,金亚虹,李年红∥上海体育学院学院.-2000.-24(4).-46-51参16(TY)信息∥研究...G804.8 20013309体育运动中选择性注意的国外研究现状=Statusquo of researches On selective attention inforeign countries’ sports[刊,中,A]/朱锓,章建成,金亚虹,李年红∥上海体育学院学院.-2000.-24(4).-46-51参16(TY)信息∥研究∥注意力采用文献综述的方法,从选择性注意的信息选取、信息加工,以及它对运动绩效的影响等方面,探析了国外有关这方面的理论与研究现状。结果表明,在体育运动中,对相关(或重要)信息的选择性注意,是提高运动绩效的重要前提,也是专业运动员经常采取的注意策略。它要求运动员具有预测信息、识别复杂信息、提取重要信息、合理分配注意和抗干扰因素等能力。展开更多
The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings ...The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings from both rodent and human studies suggest brain-derived neu- rotrophic factor （BDNF） as a potential mechanism of the effect of acute exercise on memory. The molecular properties of BDNF allow this protein to be assessed in the periphery （pBDNF） （i.e., blood serum, blood plasma）, making measurements of acute exercise-induced changes in BDNF concentration relatively accessible. Studies exploring the acute exercise--pBDNF--cognitive performance relationship have had mixed findings, but this may be more reflective of methodological differences between studies than it is a statement about the role of BDNE For example, significant associations have been observed between acute exercise-induced changes in pBDNF concentration and cognitive performance in studies assessing memory, and non-significant associations have been found in studies assessing non-memory cognitive domains. Three suggestions are made for future research aimed at understanding the role of BDNF as a biological mechanism of this relationship： 1） Assessments of cognitive performance may benefit from a focus on various types of memory （e.g., relational, spatial, long-term）; 2） More finegrained measurements of pBDNF will allow for the assessment of concentrations of specific isoforms of the BDNF protein （i.e., immature, mature）; 3） Statistical techniques designed to test the mediating role of pBDNF in the acute exercise-cognitive performance relationship should be utilized in order to make causal inferences.展开更多
文摘G804.8 20013309体育运动中选择性注意的国外研究现状=Statusquo of researches On selective attention inforeign countries’ sports[刊,中,A]/朱锓,章建成,金亚虹,李年红∥上海体育学院学院.-2000.-24(4).-46-51参16(TY)信息∥研究∥注意力采用文献综述的方法,从选择性注意的信息选取、信息加工,以及它对运动绩效的影响等方面,探析了国外有关这方面的理论与研究现状。结果表明,在体育运动中,对相关(或重要)信息的选择性注意,是提高运动绩效的重要前提,也是专业运动员经常采取的注意策略。它要求运动员具有预测信息、识别复杂信息、提取重要信息、合理分配注意和抗干扰因素等能力。
文摘The literature shows that improvements in cognitive performance may be observed following an acute bout of exercise. However, evidence in support of the biological mechanisms of this effect is still limited. Findings from both rodent and human studies suggest brain-derived neu- rotrophic factor （BDNF） as a potential mechanism of the effect of acute exercise on memory. The molecular properties of BDNF allow this protein to be assessed in the periphery （pBDNF） （i.e., blood serum, blood plasma）, making measurements of acute exercise-induced changes in BDNF concentration relatively accessible. Studies exploring the acute exercise--pBDNF--cognitive performance relationship have had mixed findings, but this may be more reflective of methodological differences between studies than it is a statement about the role of BDNE For example, significant associations have been observed between acute exercise-induced changes in pBDNF concentration and cognitive performance in studies assessing memory, and non-significant associations have been found in studies assessing non-memory cognitive domains. Three suggestions are made for future research aimed at understanding the role of BDNF as a biological mechanism of this relationship： 1） Assessments of cognitive performance may benefit from a focus on various types of memory （e.g., relational, spatial, long-term）; 2） More finegrained measurements of pBDNF will allow for the assessment of concentrations of specific isoforms of the BDNF protein （i.e., immature, mature）; 3） Statistical techniques designed to test the mediating role of pBDNF in the acute exercise-cognitive performance relationship should be utilized in order to make causal inferences.
