Despite the acceptance of physical activity （PA） being integral to a young person＇s health, children with disability often exhibit low levels of PA. In young people with cystic fibrosis （CF） the importance of exe...Despite the acceptance of physical activity （PA） being integral to a young person＇s health, children with disability often exhibit low levels of PA. In young people with cystic fibrosis （CF） the importance of exercise and daily PA is acknowledged by clinicians and their support teams, however, there is a lack of knowledge related to its prescription. CF is a recessive genetic disorder affecting the lung, pancreas and sweat glands. CF is the most common life shortening genetic disease in the Caucasian population for which there is no cure. In the UK, CF affects over 9000 people, with 4000 under 16 years of age. Only about half of the CF population can expect to live beyond 40 years of age. Besides drug therapies, rehabilitative exercise programmes form an important component of treatment and long term exercise programmes are considered positive treatment strategies, but all lack any detailed prescriptive information. Several reviews and editorials have highlighted the lack of evidence based research in PA and exercise training in young people with CF; but advocate a greater need for understanding the role of exercise in therapeutic interventions. The purpose of this review is to update the reader on the current recommendations and evidence in PA and exercise training for young people with CE These developments have extended our understanding of PA and exercise training in children and adolescents with CF, and its implementation in the management of this chronic disease.展开更多
Purpose： The purpose of this study was to determine if antioxidant supplementation, moderate exercise, and the combination of both treatments could ameliorate cognitive performance in adult mice and whether the apoli...Purpose： The purpose of this study was to determine if antioxidant supplementation, moderate exercise, and the combination of both treatments could ameliorate cognitive performance in adult mice and whether the apolipoprotein E （APOE） genotype as well as sex could influence the functional outcomes of the treatments. Methods： For a period of 16 weeks, separate groups of male and female mice expressing either the human APOE3 or APOE4 isoforms were fed either a control diet （NIH-31） or the control diet supplemented with vitamins E and C （1.12 IU/g diet a-tocopheryl acetate and 1.65 mg/g ascorbic acid）. The mice were further separated into a sedentary group or a group that followed a daily exercise regimen. After 8 weeks on the treatments, the mice were administered a battery of functional tests including tests to measure cognitive and affective function. Results： There was no effect of genotype or treatment on the learning performance in the Morris water maze. In the discriminated avoidance task, APOE4 mice performed better in learning the discrimination component of the task. Overall, exercise improved performance of APOE4 and APOE3 mice on various aspects of the active avoidance task. Antioxidant supplementation improved performance only in the APOE4 mice. On the test for anxiety, APOE4 mice spent more time in the open arms and supplementation with antioxidant reversed that effect. Conclusion： Exercise was the most effective treatment at improving cognitive function in both genotypes and sex, while antioxidants seemed to be effective only in the APOE4. In young adult mice only non-spatial learning and memory were improved. The combination of the two treatments did not yield further improvement in cognition, and there was no antagonistic action of the antioxidant supplementation on the beneficial effects of exercise.展开更多
After athletes＇ intensive training and competition, they would suffer from fatigue. Therefore, the measures to recover their motor and nervous systems from the fatigue are very important. In this research, this autho...After athletes＇ intensive training and competition, they would suffer from fatigue. Therefore, the measures to recover their motor and nervous systems from the fatigue are very important. In this research, this author tries to investigate the methods to recover one＇ s joints and relax one＇ s nervous system, and detailed methods would also be provided for reference. Objective conditions, like sports fields and equipment, have become relatively satisfactory. There are high-level coaches and athletes who are carefully and scientifically chosen, so that good athletic performance is well guaranteed. To improve sports teams＇ comprehensive sports skills, we have to adopt and grasp some advanced training methods and skills. But after intensive training and fierce competition, athletes＇ motor and nervous system would suffer from fatigue, therefore, it becomes necessary for them to grasp the methods of recovery. In this research, this author tries to investigate the mechanism and methods to recover athletes＇ joints from the fatigue and relax their nervous system.展开更多
文摘Despite the acceptance of physical activity （PA） being integral to a young person＇s health, children with disability often exhibit low levels of PA. In young people with cystic fibrosis （CF） the importance of exercise and daily PA is acknowledged by clinicians and their support teams, however, there is a lack of knowledge related to its prescription. CF is a recessive genetic disorder affecting the lung, pancreas and sweat glands. CF is the most common life shortening genetic disease in the Caucasian population for which there is no cure. In the UK, CF affects over 9000 people, with 4000 under 16 years of age. Only about half of the CF population can expect to live beyond 40 years of age. Besides drug therapies, rehabilitative exercise programmes form an important component of treatment and long term exercise programmes are considered positive treatment strategies, but all lack any detailed prescriptive information. Several reviews and editorials have highlighted the lack of evidence based research in PA and exercise training in young people with CF; but advocate a greater need for understanding the role of exercise in therapeutic interventions. The purpose of this review is to update the reader on the current recommendations and evidence in PA and exercise training for young people with CE These developments have extended our understanding of PA and exercise training in children and adolescents with CF, and its implementation in the management of this chronic disease.
基金supported by grant MRG-10-173988 and donation from the Pine Family Foundation
文摘Purpose： The purpose of this study was to determine if antioxidant supplementation, moderate exercise, and the combination of both treatments could ameliorate cognitive performance in adult mice and whether the apolipoprotein E （APOE） genotype as well as sex could influence the functional outcomes of the treatments. Methods： For a period of 16 weeks, separate groups of male and female mice expressing either the human APOE3 or APOE4 isoforms were fed either a control diet （NIH-31） or the control diet supplemented with vitamins E and C （1.12 IU/g diet a-tocopheryl acetate and 1.65 mg/g ascorbic acid）. The mice were further separated into a sedentary group or a group that followed a daily exercise regimen. After 8 weeks on the treatments, the mice were administered a battery of functional tests including tests to measure cognitive and affective function. Results： There was no effect of genotype or treatment on the learning performance in the Morris water maze. In the discriminated avoidance task, APOE4 mice performed better in learning the discrimination component of the task. Overall, exercise improved performance of APOE4 and APOE3 mice on various aspects of the active avoidance task. Antioxidant supplementation improved performance only in the APOE4 mice. On the test for anxiety, APOE4 mice spent more time in the open arms and supplementation with antioxidant reversed that effect. Conclusion： Exercise was the most effective treatment at improving cognitive function in both genotypes and sex, while antioxidants seemed to be effective only in the APOE4. In young adult mice only non-spatial learning and memory were improved. The combination of the two treatments did not yield further improvement in cognition, and there was no antagonistic action of the antioxidant supplementation on the beneficial effects of exercise.
文摘After athletes＇ intensive training and competition, they would suffer from fatigue. Therefore, the measures to recover their motor and nervous systems from the fatigue are very important. In this research, this author tries to investigate the methods to recover one＇ s joints and relax one＇ s nervous system, and detailed methods would also be provided for reference. Objective conditions, like sports fields and equipment, have become relatively satisfactory. There are high-level coaches and athletes who are carefully and scientifically chosen, so that good athletic performance is well guaranteed. To improve sports teams＇ comprehensive sports skills, we have to adopt and grasp some advanced training methods and skills. But after intensive training and fierce competition, athletes＇ motor and nervous system would suffer from fatigue, therefore, it becomes necessary for them to grasp the methods of recovery. In this research, this author tries to investigate the mechanism and methods to recover athletes＇ joints from the fatigue and relax their nervous system.
