绿色高铁运营环境成本非线性估算方法研究

研究目的:为界定高铁运营环境成本的影响内容并估算其运营环境成本,本文在研究高铁运营环境成本计算内容的基础上,利用显著性成本方法以及人工神经网络的方法对拟建工程的运营环境成本进行预测,同时以长益城际铁路进行实例验证,结果表明,对于预测高铁全生命运营环境成本而言,该模型适用性及准确性均比较高。研究结论:(1)通过显著性成本方法确定高铁工程的显著性成本项目,从而能够在很大程度上简化环境成本的估算工作量;(2)人工神经网络在高铁环境成本估算方面具有适用性;(3)高铁运营环境成本的数据库需进一步完善,从而提高估算的精确性;(4)本文提出的高铁运营环境成本非线性估算方法及评价体系可应用于高铁项目运营环境成本的估算。

航空器性能对环境运营成本影响分析研究

结合航空器运行最关注的两个方面:经济性和环保性,分析航空器性能中对环境运营成本产生影响的因素.为了构建环境运营成本模型,确定巡航高度和速度对CO2排放和凝结尾生成的影响关系.通过AGTP和航空器性能参数构建适用于标准及非标准大气条件下连续的GDOC模型.以北京地区的高空探空数据及A320机型的性能数据为例进行分析.结果表明:优先选择凝结尾产生概率低的高度层飞行,然后尽可能选择较高的飞行高度层,降低飞行速度,可以更好地降低GDOC.

A Study on Torque Rich Phenomena in Ship Operation

The ＂torque rich＂ is known as a phenomenon that makes reduction of ship speed, overload for main engine and higher fuel consumption of ship, even can cause some major problems for a ship propulsion system. In Vietnam, according to investigated results, almost ships of country merchant fleet are facing with ship speed decrease, fuel consumption increase due to the torque rich, consequently the average ship operation cost is increasing from 15% to 25%, even higher in some cases and the environment is badly impacted. To comply with the international requirements and national legislation regarding to ＂using efficiently energy and environment protection＂, Vietnamese shipping companies must combat with the torque rich problem as crucial reason making downgrade in ship operation. The article shows a potential method to reduce the torque rich phenomena by modifying propeller which has been successfully applied for a real ship in Vietnam.