谈隧道工程横洞进主洞交叉段开挖施工控制与管理

近年来,隧道工程的管理标准在渐渐提高,隧道工程管理部门及相关管理工作人员,要摆正自己的工作态度,提高自己的管理理念,采取强有力的管理措施,确保隧道工程横洞进主洞交叉段开挖施工管理更加标准化,让隧道工程的发展,满足社会发展的基本需求,切实提升隧道工程横洞进主洞交叉段开挖的施工技术管理水平。

第三系有水泥岩地质支洞进主洞施工技术

主洞与斜井交叉口处围岩为第三系N1+2有水泥岩,空间三维受力复杂,尤其主洞横向挑顶开挖支护难度相当大,工作面小,安全、质量隐患多,开挖支护不当很容易发生大变形,甚至塌方发生安全质量事故,因此必须制订科学合理的挑顶施工方案,并对交叉口进行加强支护。文章主要介绍了支洞交叉口加强、主洞横向挑顶、小导洞开挖等施工,保证了斜井支洞进主洞安全,加快了施工进度。

水电站进水主阀安装及调试——筒形阀

在水电站水轮机进水系统中,根据水电站运行和检修的需要,在不同位置应装设相应的闸门或阀门,通常把装设在水轮机蜗壳进口前的阀门称为进水主阀。主阀是做为水电站除了水轮机调速器控制的导流机构外最重要的安全保障设备,在安装及调试过程中的质量非常关键,就当前大型水电站所采用的筒形阀的安装及调试进行总结。

超临界主蒸汽进汽插管堆焊司太立合金试验研究

超临界600MW机组主汽插管由于受高速气流的冲刷和振动作用,设计要求在插管表面堆焊司太立合金以增加耐冲刷及抗震动冲击能力,提高插管使用寿命。经过试验研究,采用钨极氩弧焊成功完成产品堆焊。

AP1000核电汽轮机高压主蒸汽进汽管道错口问题研究

国内某AP1000核电汽轮机高压主蒸汽进汽管道现场安装时,在高压进汽管道与主汽调节联合阀对齐后,发现高压缸两侧高压进汽管道#1A、#4A与相应立管焊口存在6mm和7mm的错口。文中针对该问题,通过计算管道冷拉前后的应力水平和管道冷拉对汽缸稳定性、法兰处气密性、法兰螺栓强度的影响情况,评估认为采取冷拉管道消除焊口错口的方式可行,对汽轮机设备安全运行无影响。

高压主汽阀进汽连管焊接技术

高压主汽阀进汽连管焊接技术是一项十分严谨的技术,对设备影响重大。本文从质量及技术要求、技术方案、检验检查等多方面分析和探讨了高压主汽阀进汽连管焊接技术的核心工艺和应该注意的方面。

传统农村社会的宗子法与祠堂祭祀制度——兼论徽州农村宗族的整合

传统中国农村中的社会组织 ,乃是以宗法制度为其组织框架 ,并在农村社会中发挥支配性作用。本文通过对江南地区尤其是存有大量档案文书的徽州地区的宗族组织进行考察 ,认为宗族组织的兴起 ,当与“敬宗”活动有密切关系 ,而“宗”的社会地位的提高 ,对于明清时期地方农村社会的整合有深刻的意义。惟为说明宗法的社会含义 ,本文集中就宗子法的基本内容、徽州地方社会的宗法观念与习惯做法、“始祖”确立的意义与祠堂制度之关系、“进主”制度与祠堂祠产制度的关系诸方面进行论述 。

软岩隧道横洞与正洞交叉口段施工方案比选

结合兰渝铁路大断面软岩隧道两水隧道施工这一工程实例,就横洞和大跨软岩隧道交叉口施工方案进行比选,并对主洞与横洞交接处的加强措施和2种进洞方法各自施工方法的转化、施工技术措施等进行阐述,通过工程实例验证得出采用"方案一"比较适合于软岩隧道横洞进主洞。

NEW ALGORITHM FOR RECEIVER AUTONOMOUS INTEGRITY MONITORING

A new integrity metric for navigation systems is proposed based on the measurement domain. Proba-hilistic optimization design offers tools for fault detection by considering the required navigation performance （RNP） parameter and the uncertainty noise. The choice of the proper performance parameter provided the single-valued mapping with the missed detection probability estimates the probability of failure. The desirable characteristics of the residual sensitivity matrix are exploited to increase the efficiency for identifying erroneous observations. The algorithm can be used to support the performance specification and the efficient calculation of the integrity monitoring process. The simulation for non-precision approach （NPA） validates both the viability and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Nonlinear principal resonance of magneto-electro-elastic thin plate

Considering magneto-electro-elastic thin plate, the von Karman plate theory of large deflection and the geometric nonlinearity, the mathematical model of nonlinear undamped forced vibration is established. Making use of the improved Lindstedt-Poincare （L-P） method, the undamped forced vibration problem is solved, and the amplitude-frequency response equation of thin plate is obtained. Furthermore, the amplitude frequency response curves of system under different condi- tions are obtained by numerical simulation. The results show that the thickness of the plate, mechanical excitation, parame- ter e, pure piezoelectric material of BaTiO3, pure piezomagnetic material of CoFe2 04, different magneto-electro-elastic ma- terials of BaTiO3/CoFe2 04 and Terfenol-D/PZT will have an impact on the system frequency response. The main effects in- volve principal resonance interval, spring stiffness characteristic and amplitude jumping phenomena.

呈坎罗族宗法建设初探

该文从安葬、建祠、续谱、庆典、奖惩、楹联、分枝、<庙事志>等8个方面,对呈坎村罗族宗法建设进行了初步探索,认为其很具特色,在徽州各族宗法建设中是出类拔萃的.并认为从中可以得出5点启示.

Sub-pixel extraction of laser stripeand itsapplication in laser plane calibration

For calibrating the laser plane to implement 3D shape measurement, an algorithm for extracting the laser stripe with sub-pixel accuracy is proposed. The proposed algorithm mainly consists of two stages： two-side edge detection and center line extraction. First, the two-side edge of laser stripe is detected using the principal component angle-based progressive probabilistic Hough transform and its width is calculated through the distance between these two edges. Secondly, the center line of laser strip is extracted with 2D Taylor expansion at a sub-pixel level and the laser plane is calibrated with the 3D reconstructed coordinates from the extracted 2D sub-pixel ones. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can not only extract the laser stripe at a high speed, nearly average 78 ms/frame, but also calibrate the coplanar laser stripes at a low error, limited to 0.3 mm. The proposed algorithm can satisfy the system requirement of two-side edge detection and center line extraction, and rapid speed, high precision, as well as strong anti-jamming.

Cutting parameter optimization for one-step shaft excavation technique based on parallel cutting method

The outcome of the cutting blasting in a one-step shaft excavation is heavily related to the cutting parameters used for parallel cutting method. In this study, the relationships between the cutting parameters（such as the hole spacing L and the empty hole diameter D） and damage zones were investigated by numerical simulation. A damage state index γ was introduced and used to characterize the crushing and crack damage zones through a user-defined subroutine. Two indices, i.e., η1 and η2 that can reflect the cutting performance, were also introduced. The simulation results indicate that an optimal value of L can be obtained so that the η1 and η2 can reach their optimal states for the best cutting performance. A larger D results in better cutting performance when the L value maintains its best. In addition, the influences of the loading rate and the in-situ stress on the cutting performance were investigated. It is found that an explosive with a high loading rate is suit for cutting blasting. The propagation direction and the length of the tensile cracks are affected by the direction and the magnitude of the maximum principal stress.

Cloning and Phylogenetic Analysis of NS1 Genes from Different Isolates of H9N2 Subtype Duck Influenza Virus

[ Objective] The study aimed to lay a foundation for the further studies on function mechanism of NS1 protein in the interspecies transmission of waterfowl influenza virus. [Method] Using the serologic assay and the specific RT-PCR method, some strains of H9 subtype waterfowl influenza virus were isolated from the 12 to 20 day-old muscovy duck flocks without any clinical symptoms in different areas of Guangdong Province. Four of these strains, including A/duck/ZQ/303/2007（H9N2） （A3 for short）, A/Duck/FJ/301/2007 （H9N2） （C1 for short）, A/Duck/NH/306/2007（H9N2） （ D6 for short）, A/duck/SS/402/2007（H9N2） （ E2 for short）, and a strain named A/duck/ZC/2007（H9N2） （L1 for short） from a muscovy duck died of avian influenza virus （AIV）, were used for NSl gene cloning and sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained NSl gene sequences were compared with other NS1 sequences registered in GenBank, and the phylogenetic analysis was also conducted. [Result] When compared with the H9N2 AIV NS1 sequences in GenBank, the NSl genes of the four AIV strains A3, C1, 136 and E2 displayed homologies ranging from 99% to 100% at nucleotide level, and 95% to 100% at amino acid level; while the NSl gene of L1 strain displayed homology ranging from 94% to 97% at nucleotide level, and 93% to 98% at amino acid level. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that A3, C1, D6 and E2 were highly resemblant, and L1 was closest to AY66473 （chicken, 2003）. By comparison with the NS1 gene sequences of L1, AF523514 （duck）, AY664743 （chicken） and EF155262.1 （quail） using DNAstar, A3, C1, D6 and E.2 presented nucleotide variations at site 21 （ R→Q）, 70, 71 （ KE→EG）, 86 （ A→S）, 124 （V→M） and 225 （ S→N）, and amino acid variations at site 21,70, 71 and 86 in dsRNA- dependent protein kinase （PKR） binding domain of NSl gene, which induced the evident variations of antigenic determinant and surface proba- bility plot of NS1 protein. [ Conclusion] This study suggested that the amino acid sequence variation in PKR binding domain of NS1 protein had something to do with the virus pathogenicity.

Trojan Terrorism:Revenge Colonists or Condition of Evolution？ （To the Problem ＂Your/Alien＂）

Thinking about the problem of terrorism, the author finds its origins in the myth of the Trojan War, treating it as a battle for space, which was the primary basis for the civilizational leap--the expansion of the Greek world to the east, which led to the flourishing of Greek culture, creating a precedent of justified colonialism, provided strategy and tactics-the causal apology of violence-all subsequent wars, colonial campaigns, which was no exception for the migratory flows of the XX century, as a result of which the word ＂terrorism＂ sounded with by force of the song of B. Brecht. The theme of ＂space＂-chucked away, lost, taken away, destroyed, compressed, anarchic, empty, boundless, virtual-remains vital in our time, when the limitless possibilities lead to the limitation of man himself, his emptiness, and ＂complete shortuess＂ （Platonov）, when the treaty as the basis of human existence is rejected, and when you become the Other yourself. The metaphysics of ＂violence＂ is buried in anthropology-in ignorance of one＇s limits by man, in denying the boundaries of ＂another＇s,＂ in unwillingness to ask a question mad find the answer, in laziness and, in fact, in the loss of oneself.

一种应用于管幕顶管的步进式主顶进装置设计

管幕法施工是一种利用小口径顶管机建造大断面地下空间的施工技术,目前被广泛应用于铁路、建筑结构、机场等下方的开挖工程。但由于所用钢管节通常具有直径小、长度长等特点,所以为保证油缸压杆稳定性,需多次运用后部垫块,使得每次顶进的效率大大降低,同时占用大量现场行车的使用时间,影响施工节拍。以传统顶管机为研究基础,设计了一种适用于小口径管幕顶管机的专用后部主顶进装置。该装置能够实现步进式自动行走,满足长管节顶进和回退的施工需要;整个顶进过程只需在吊放钢管节时用到行车,分段顶进时无需再用行车;而且固定移动后靠只需控制插销油缸伸缩即可完成,操作较为方便,自动化程度高。

Reviewing 30 years of studies on the Common Cuckoo:accumulated knowledge and future perspectives

In Europe, eggs of the Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) have been found in more than 125 different host species. However, very few species are frequently parasitized. The Cuckoo is divided into several distinct races termed gentes. Females of each gens specialize in parasitizing a particular host species. More than 20 such gentes are recognized in Europe. Each female Cuckoo lays eggs of constant appearance. Most gentes can be separated based on their distinct egg types, which in many cases mimic those of their hosts. Different gentes may occur in sympatry or may be separated geographically. Some gentes may occur in restricted parts of the host’s distribution area. These patterns raise some fundamental questions like: Why are some passerine species preferred as hosts while others are not? Why does a host population consist of individuals either accepting or rejecting Cuckoo eggs? Why is there marked variation in egg rejection behavior between various host populations? How distinct and host-specialized are Cuckoo gentes? These questions are discussed in relation to existing knowledge and future perspectives.

Pathogenetic Consequences of Cytomegalovirus-Host Co-evolution

Co-evolution has been shown to result in an adaptive reciprocal modification in the respective behaviors of interacting populations over time. In the case of host-parasite co-evolution,the adaptive behavior is most evident from the reciprocal change in fitness of host and parasite-manifested in terms of pathogen survival versus host resistance. Cytomegaloviruses and their hosts represent a pairing of populations that has co-evolved over hundreds of years. This review explores the pathogenetic consequences emerging from the behavioral changes caused by co-evolutionary forces on the virus and its host.

Improved performance of process monitoring based on selection of key principal components

Conventional principal component analysis(PCA) can obtain low-dimensional representations of original data space, but the selection of principal components(PCs) based on variance is subjective, which may lead to information loss and poor monitoring performance. To address dimension reduction and information preservation simultaneously, this paper proposes a novel PC selection scheme named full variable expression. On the basis of the proposed relevance of variables with each principal component, key principal components can be determined.All the key principal components serve as a low-dimensional representation of the entire original variables, preserving the information of original data space without information loss. A squared Mahalanobis distance, which is introduced as the monitoring statistic, is calculated directly in the key principal component space for fault detection. To test the modeling and monitoring performance of the proposed method, a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman benchmark are used.

＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ -A Research on the Participation and Perception of Residents in Scenic Area and Community

Tight space and interactive resources grant tourism community residents a vital body status in community tourism development and construction process. Residents＇ all-sided and effective participation in Tourism development process, with no doubt, is an open democratization process and an effective way to ensure sustainable development of tourism as it can raise residents＇ income and eliminate bad influence of tourism. ＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ is a scenic spot where ＂landscape live-action＂ is performed. Local residents （farmers） serve as the main part. Through survey and analysis of participation and perception of community residents, this paper aims at finding some useful consult and inspirations for the development, management and policy formulation of other rural scenic region alike.