To clarify the role of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACCRT) followed by surgical resection for localized or locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed 57 patien...To clarify the role of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACCRT) followed by surgical resection for localized or locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed 57 patients who underwent surgical resection with or without NACCRT for perihilar CCA; 12 patients received NACCRT and 45 patients did not received NACCRT. Patients with locally advanced perihilar CCA requiring NACCRT were defined as follows: (1) a mass involving unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery with insufficient volume of the anticipated remnant lobe; or (2) an infiltrating mass in the main portal vein that was too long for reconstruction, identified at preoperative staging.RESULTSThe median disease-free survival (DFS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 26.0 and 15.1 mo, respectively (P = 0.91). The median overall survival (OS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 32.9 and 27.1 mo, respectively (P = 0.26). The NACCRT group showed a downstaging tendency compared to the non-NACCRT group as compared with the tumor stage confirmed by histological examination after surgery and the tumor stage confirmed by imaging test at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONNACCRT does not prolong DFS and OS in localized or locally advanced perihilar CCA. However, NACCRT may allow tumor downstaging and improve tumor resectability.展开更多
Combining the clonal selection mechanism of the immune system with the evolution equations of particle swarm optimization, an advanced algorithm was introduced for functions optimization. The advantages of this algori...Combining the clonal selection mechanism of the immune system with the evolution equations of particle swarm optimization, an advanced algorithm was introduced for functions optimization. The advantages of this algorithm lies in two aspects. Via immunity operation, the diversity of the antibodies was maintained, and the speed of convergent was improved by using particle swarm evolution equations. Simulation programme and three functions were used to check the effect of the algorithm. The advanced algorithm were compared with clonal selection algorithm and particle swarm algorithm. The results show that this advanced algorithm can converge to the global optimum at a great rate in a given range, the performance of optimization is improved effectively.展开更多
Based on crowding mechanism, a novel niche genetic algorithm was proposed which can record evolution- ary direction dynamically during evolution. After evolution, the solutions’s precision can be greatly improved by ...Based on crowding mechanism, a novel niche genetic algorithm was proposed which can record evolution- ary direction dynamically during evolution. After evolution, the solutions’s precision can be greatly improved by means of the local searching along the recorded direction. Simulation shows that this algorithm can not only keep population diversity but also find accurate solutions. Although using this method has to take more time compared with the standard GA, it is really worth applying to some cases that have to meet a demand for high solution precision.展开更多
In this paper, we considered the predator-prey system with stage-structure for prey, where the predators predate immature preys only. The positivity and boundedness of the solutions and asymptotic stability of equilib...In this paper, we considered the predator-prey system with stage-structure for prey, where the predators predate immature preys only. The positivity and boundedness of the solutions and asymptotic stability of equilibrium were firstly discussed, and then uniformly persistent sufficient conditions of populations were found.展开更多
Objective： To study the clinical efficacy and methods of permanent implantation of radioactive I-125 seed in surgery for local advanced non small lung cancer （LANSCLC）. Methods： From Apr. 2004 to Apr. 2006, the I-...Objective： To study the clinical efficacy and methods of permanent implantation of radioactive I-125 seed in surgery for local advanced non small lung cancer （LANSCLC）. Methods： From Apr. 2004 to Apr. 2006, the I-125 seeds were implanted into 30 patients with LANSCLC in surgery. The numbers of seeds were 10-40. The chemotherapy was performed in 10 to 14 days after operation. Results： There was no operative death, and the distribution of seeds and complications were reviewed by CT and X-ray after treatment. The distribution of seeds was satisfactory in all patients. The complete response rate （CR） was 56.6% and the part response （PR） was 26.6%. The overall response rate was 83.3% after 4-24 months of surgery. There was no one occurred radiation pneumonia. Prospective efficacy await further follow-up. Conclusion： Permanent implantation of 1-125 seed in surgery for LANSCLC, is a safe and effective method with mild complications.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the impact of chemoradiation admi- nistered pre- or postoperatively on prognosis in females following R0 extended resection with sphincter- preserving total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advan...AIM: To evaluate the impact of chemoradiation admi- nistered pre- or postoperatively on prognosis in females following R0 extended resection with sphincter- preserving total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer and to assess the association between chemoradiation and intra- and postoperative variables. METHODS: Twenty-one females were treated for locally advanced but preoperatively assessed as primarily resectable rectal cancer involving reproductive organs. Anterior resection with TME and excision of internal genitalia was combined with neo- or adjuvant chemoradiation. Two-year disease-free survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log- rank test. The association between chemoradiation and other variables was evaluated with the Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: Survival rate decreased in anaemic females (51.5% vs 57.4%), in patients older than 60 years (41.8% vs 66.7%) with poorly differentiated cancers (50.0% vs 55.6%) and tumors located ≤ 7 cm from the anal verge (42.9% vs 68.1%) but with the lack of importance. Patients with negative lymph nodes and women chemoradiated preoperatively had significantly favourable prognosis (85.7% vs 35.7%; P= 0.03 and 80.0% vs 27.3%; P = 0.01, respectively). Preoperative chemoradiation compared to adjuvant radiochemotherapy was not significantly associated with the duration of surgery, incidence of intraoperative bowel perforation and blood loss ≥ 1 L, rate of postoperative bladder and anorectal dysfunction, and minimal distal resection margin. It significantly influenced minimal radial margin (mean 4.2 mm vs 1.1 mm; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Despite involving internal genitalia, long-term disease-free survival and sphincter preservation may be achieved with combined-modality therapy for females with T4 locally advanced rectal carcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation does not compromise functional results and may significantly improve oncological outcomes probably due to enhanced radial clearance.展开更多
This paper presents a supervised learning algorithm for retinal vascular segmentation based on classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm and improved adptive bosting (AdaBoost). Local binary patterns (LBP) t...This paper presents a supervised learning algorithm for retinal vascular segmentation based on classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm and improved adptive bosting (AdaBoost). Local binary patterns (LBP) texture features and local features are extracted by extracting,reversing,dilating and enhancing the green components of retinal images to construct a 17-dimensional feature vector. A dataset is constructed by using the feature vector and the data manually marked by the experts. The feature is used to generate CART binary tree for nodes,where CART binary tree is as the AdaBoost weak classifier,and AdaBoost is improved by adding some re-judgment functions to form a strong classifier. The proposed algorithm is simulated on the digital retinal images for vessel extraction (DRIVE). The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher segmentation accuracy for blood vessels,and the result basically contains complete blood vessel details. Moreover,the segmented blood vessel tree has good connectivity,which basically reflects the distribution trend of blood vessels. Compared with the traditional AdaBoost classification algorithm and the support vector machine (SVM) based classification algorithm,the proposed algorithm has higher average accuracy and reliability index,which is similar to the segmentation results of the state-of-the-art segmentation algorithm.展开更多
With the mission of absorption of the capital through urban renovation, AKP （the Justice and Welfare Party） took over the metropolitan municipality administrations in big cities in 1995, and the Government of the Re...With the mission of absorption of the capital through urban renovation, AKP （the Justice and Welfare Party） took over the metropolitan municipality administrations in big cities in 1995, and the Government of the Republic of Turkey in 2002. Together with the 2003 Mass Housing Act, 14 legal regulations were enacted between 2002 and 2008 to expand the field of activity and increase the funds of TOKI （Governmental Mass Housing Administration） which was already established during ANAP （the Motherland Party） Government in 1980s. As a result of those regulations, TOKI, as the ＂latest goddess of the construction myth＂, became the only authorized organization in the field of housing and land production in AKP＇s cities. It acquired new duties from generating profit-oriented projects to protecting historical texture, and it was authorized to make and approve zoning plans for the lands and plots handed over to TOKI of the last government （the Justice and Welfare Party） created as an investor-entrepreneur-contractor-performer group. This paper＇s aim is to indicate the transformation of TOKI foundation during the last twenty years, and also to prove that TOKI, as a governmental profit-oriented design tool, has demolished the unique DNA/morphological textures of the contemporary Turkish big cities by producing low profiled similar architecture and urbanity in the recent past.展开更多
By using a criterion for asymptotic stability in Banach space BC, a group of sufficient condi-tioas for a dynamical model with infinite delay which is derived from hematology were obtained, which refined the result in...By using a criterion for asymptotic stability in Banach space BC, a group of sufficient condi-tioas for a dynamical model with infinite delay which is derived from hematology were obtained, which refined the result in the reference [ 10] got by the second author herself.展开更多
New approaches for facility distribution in chemical plants are proposed including an improved non-overlapping constraint based on projection relationships of facilities and a novel toxic gas dispersion constraint. In...New approaches for facility distribution in chemical plants are proposed including an improved non-overlapping constraint based on projection relationships of facilities and a novel toxic gas dispersion constraint. In consideration of the large number of variables in the plant layout model, our new method can significantly reduce the number of variables with their own projection relationships. Also, as toxic gas dispersion is a usual incident in a chemical plant, a simple approach to describe the gas leakage is proposed, which can clearly represent the constraints of potential emission source and sitting facilities. For solving the plant layout model, an improved genetic algorithm (GA) based on infeasible solution fix technique is proposed, which improves the globe search ability of GA. The case study and experiment show that a better layout plan can be obtained with our method, and the safety factors such as gas dispersion and minimum distances can be well handled in the solution.展开更多
To find the optimal operational condition when the properties of feedstock changes in the cracking furnace online,a hybrid algorithm named differential evolution group search optimization(DEGSO) is proposed,which is b...To find the optimal operational condition when the properties of feedstock changes in the cracking furnace online,a hybrid algorithm named differential evolution group search optimization(DEGSO) is proposed,which is based on the differential evolution(DE) and the group search optimization(GSO).The DEGSO combines the advantages of the two algorithms:the high computing speed of DE and the good performance of the GSO for preventing the best particle from converging to local optimum.A cooperative method is also proposed for switching between these two algorithms.If the fitness value of one algorithm keeps invariant in several generations and less than the preset threshold,it is considered to fall into the local optimization and the other algorithm is chosen.Experiments on benchmark functions show that the hybrid algorithm outperforms GSO in accuracy,global searching ability and efficiency.The optimization of ethylene and propylene yields is illustrated as a case by DEGSO.After optimization,the yield of ethylene and propylene is increased remarkably,which provides the proper operational condition of the ethylene cracking furnace.展开更多
文摘To clarify the role of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACCRT) followed by surgical resection for localized or locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed 57 patients who underwent surgical resection with or without NACCRT for perihilar CCA; 12 patients received NACCRT and 45 patients did not received NACCRT. Patients with locally advanced perihilar CCA requiring NACCRT were defined as follows: (1) a mass involving unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery with insufficient volume of the anticipated remnant lobe; or (2) an infiltrating mass in the main portal vein that was too long for reconstruction, identified at preoperative staging.RESULTSThe median disease-free survival (DFS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 26.0 and 15.1 mo, respectively (P = 0.91). The median overall survival (OS) durations of the neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant CCRT groups were 32.9 and 27.1 mo, respectively (P = 0.26). The NACCRT group showed a downstaging tendency compared to the non-NACCRT group as compared with the tumor stage confirmed by histological examination after surgery and the tumor stage confirmed by imaging test at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONNACCRT does not prolong DFS and OS in localized or locally advanced perihilar CCA. However, NACCRT may allow tumor downstaging and improve tumor resectability.
基金Project(A1420060159) supported by the National Basic Research of China projects(60234030, 60404021) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Combining the clonal selection mechanism of the immune system with the evolution equations of particle swarm optimization, an advanced algorithm was introduced for functions optimization. The advantages of this algorithm lies in two aspects. Via immunity operation, the diversity of the antibodies was maintained, and the speed of convergent was improved by using particle swarm evolution equations. Simulation programme and three functions were used to check the effect of the algorithm. The advanced algorithm were compared with clonal selection algorithm and particle swarm algorithm. The results show that this advanced algorithm can converge to the global optimum at a great rate in a given range, the performance of optimization is improved effectively.
文摘Based on crowding mechanism, a novel niche genetic algorithm was proposed which can record evolution- ary direction dynamically during evolution. After evolution, the solutions’s precision can be greatly improved by means of the local searching along the recorded direction. Simulation shows that this algorithm can not only keep population diversity but also find accurate solutions. Although using this method has to take more time compared with the standard GA, it is really worth applying to some cases that have to meet a demand for high solution precision.
文摘In this paper, we considered the predator-prey system with stage-structure for prey, where the predators predate immature preys only. The positivity and boundedness of the solutions and asymptotic stability of equilibrium were firstly discussed, and then uniformly persistent sufficient conditions of populations were found.
文摘Objective： To study the clinical efficacy and methods of permanent implantation of radioactive I-125 seed in surgery for local advanced non small lung cancer （LANSCLC）. Methods： From Apr. 2004 to Apr. 2006, the I-125 seeds were implanted into 30 patients with LANSCLC in surgery. The numbers of seeds were 10-40. The chemotherapy was performed in 10 to 14 days after operation. Results： There was no operative death, and the distribution of seeds and complications were reviewed by CT and X-ray after treatment. The distribution of seeds was satisfactory in all patients. The complete response rate （CR） was 56.6% and the part response （PR） was 26.6%. The overall response rate was 83.3% after 4-24 months of surgery. There was no one occurred radiation pneumonia. Prospective efficacy await further follow-up. Conclusion： Permanent implantation of 1-125 seed in surgery for LANSCLC, is a safe and effective method with mild complications.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the impact of chemoradiation admi- nistered pre- or postoperatively on prognosis in females following R0 extended resection with sphincter- preserving total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer and to assess the association between chemoradiation and intra- and postoperative variables. METHODS: Twenty-one females were treated for locally advanced but preoperatively assessed as primarily resectable rectal cancer involving reproductive organs. Anterior resection with TME and excision of internal genitalia was combined with neo- or adjuvant chemoradiation. Two-year disease-free survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log- rank test. The association between chemoradiation and other variables was evaluated with the Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: Survival rate decreased in anaemic females (51.5% vs 57.4%), in patients older than 60 years (41.8% vs 66.7%) with poorly differentiated cancers (50.0% vs 55.6%) and tumors located ≤ 7 cm from the anal verge (42.9% vs 68.1%) but with the lack of importance. Patients with negative lymph nodes and women chemoradiated preoperatively had significantly favourable prognosis (85.7% vs 35.7%; P= 0.03 and 80.0% vs 27.3%; P = 0.01, respectively). Preoperative chemoradiation compared to adjuvant radiochemotherapy was not significantly associated with the duration of surgery, incidence of intraoperative bowel perforation and blood loss ≥ 1 L, rate of postoperative bladder and anorectal dysfunction, and minimal distal resection margin. It significantly influenced minimal radial margin (mean 4.2 mm vs 1.1 mm; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Despite involving internal genitalia, long-term disease-free survival and sphincter preservation may be achieved with combined-modality therapy for females with T4 locally advanced rectal carcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation does not compromise functional results and may significantly improve oncological outcomes probably due to enhanced radial clearance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61163010)
文摘This paper presents a supervised learning algorithm for retinal vascular segmentation based on classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm and improved adptive bosting (AdaBoost). Local binary patterns (LBP) texture features and local features are extracted by extracting,reversing,dilating and enhancing the green components of retinal images to construct a 17-dimensional feature vector. A dataset is constructed by using the feature vector and the data manually marked by the experts. The feature is used to generate CART binary tree for nodes,where CART binary tree is as the AdaBoost weak classifier,and AdaBoost is improved by adding some re-judgment functions to form a strong classifier. The proposed algorithm is simulated on the digital retinal images for vessel extraction (DRIVE). The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher segmentation accuracy for blood vessels,and the result basically contains complete blood vessel details. Moreover,the segmented blood vessel tree has good connectivity,which basically reflects the distribution trend of blood vessels. Compared with the traditional AdaBoost classification algorithm and the support vector machine (SVM) based classification algorithm,the proposed algorithm has higher average accuracy and reliability index,which is similar to the segmentation results of the state-of-the-art segmentation algorithm.
文摘With the mission of absorption of the capital through urban renovation, AKP （the Justice and Welfare Party） took over the metropolitan municipality administrations in big cities in 1995, and the Government of the Republic of Turkey in 2002. Together with the 2003 Mass Housing Act, 14 legal regulations were enacted between 2002 and 2008 to expand the field of activity and increase the funds of TOKI （Governmental Mass Housing Administration） which was already established during ANAP （the Motherland Party） Government in 1980s. As a result of those regulations, TOKI, as the ＂latest goddess of the construction myth＂, became the only authorized organization in the field of housing and land production in AKP＇s cities. It acquired new duties from generating profit-oriented projects to protecting historical texture, and it was authorized to make and approve zoning plans for the lands and plots handed over to TOKI of the last government （the Justice and Welfare Party） created as an investor-entrepreneur-contractor-performer group. This paper＇s aim is to indicate the transformation of TOKI foundation during the last twenty years, and also to prove that TOKI, as a governmental profit-oriented design tool, has demolished the unique DNA/morphological textures of the contemporary Turkish big cities by producing low profiled similar architecture and urbanity in the recent past.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(011471)Supported by the Education Bureau(0120)
文摘By using a criterion for asymptotic stability in Banach space BC, a group of sufficient condi-tioas for a dynamical model with infinite delay which is derived from hematology were obtained, which refined the result in the reference [ 10] got by the second author herself.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （61074153, 61104131）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China （ZY1111, JD1104）.
文摘New approaches for facility distribution in chemical plants are proposed including an improved non-overlapping constraint based on projection relationships of facilities and a novel toxic gas dispersion constraint. In consideration of the large number of variables in the plant layout model, our new method can significantly reduce the number of variables with their own projection relationships. Also, as toxic gas dispersion is a usual incident in a chemical plant, a simple approach to describe the gas leakage is proposed, which can clearly represent the constraints of potential emission source and sitting facilities. For solving the plant layout model, an improved genetic algorithm (GA) based on infeasible solution fix technique is proposed, which improves the globe search ability of GA. The case study and experiment show that a better layout plan can be obtained with our method, and the safety factors such as gas dispersion and minimum distances can be well handled in the solution.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China（2012CB720500）the National Natural Science Foundation of China（U1162202）,the National Natural Science Foundation of China（61174118）+2 种基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China（2012AA040307）Shanghai Key Technologies R＆D program（12dz1125100）the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project（B504）
文摘To find the optimal operational condition when the properties of feedstock changes in the cracking furnace online,a hybrid algorithm named differential evolution group search optimization(DEGSO) is proposed,which is based on the differential evolution(DE) and the group search optimization(GSO).The DEGSO combines the advantages of the two algorithms:the high computing speed of DE and the good performance of the GSO for preventing the best particle from converging to local optimum.A cooperative method is also proposed for switching between these two algorithms.If the fitness value of one algorithm keeps invariant in several generations and less than the preset threshold,it is considered to fall into the local optimization and the other algorithm is chosen.Experiments on benchmark functions show that the hybrid algorithm outperforms GSO in accuracy,global searching ability and efficiency.The optimization of ethylene and propylene yields is illustrated as a case by DEGSO.After optimization,the yield of ethylene and propylene is increased remarkably,which provides the proper operational condition of the ethylene cracking furnace.
