Clinicopathological significance of B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 expression in gastric carcinoma and its precancerous lesion

AIM： To explore the relation between B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 （Bmi-1） expression and the clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma （GC）.METHODS： Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bmi-1 and ki-67. Doublelabeling staining was used to display the distribution of Bcl-2^＋/ki-67 cells in 162 cases of GC and its matched normal mucosa and precancerous lesion.RESULTS： The positive rate of Bmi-1 expression in GC（52.5%） was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa （21.6%, X^2 = 33.088, P 〈 0.05）. The Bmi-1 expression in GC was closely related with the Lauren＇s and Borrmann＇s classification and clinicalstage （X^2 = 4.400, 6.122 and 11.190, respectively, P〈 0.05）. The expression of ki-67 was related to the Borrmann＇s classification （X^2 = 13.380, P 〈 0.05）.Bcl-2 expression was correlated with the Lauren＇s classification （Z2 = 4.725, P 〈 0.05）, and the Bmi-1 expression both in GC （rk = 0.157, P 〈 0.05） and inintestinal metaplasia （rk = 0.270, P 〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION： Abnormal Bmi-1 expression in GCmay be involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis andcancerization. This marker can objectively indicate theclinicopathological characteristics of GC.

Time Course of Changes in Trabecular Bone Microstructure in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury

The study aimed to examine changes in trabecular bone microstructure （TBMS） during the period of 5 weeks after the injury in a rat model of spinal cord injury （SCI）. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats underwent surgical transection of the lower thoracic spinal cord （SCI, n = 16） or sham operation （SHAM, n = 14）. TBMS （tissue volume, bone volume, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, width, number, separation, connectivity density, and trabecular bone pattern factor）, assessed using a micro-computed tomography, was deteriorated 1, 3 and 5 weeks after SCI. In addition, both bone mass and serum biochemical parameters were determined. Dry bone weight, ash weight, bone mineral content （BMC）, and BMC/tissue-volume were significantly lower in the SCI group than in the SHAM group throughout the experimental period. Serum inorganic phosphate and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly lower in the SCI group than in the SHAM group 1 week after the surgery. SCI resulted in rapid deterioration of both bone mass and microstructure. These changes appeared as early as 1 week after SCI. Based on the authors＇ results, it should be noted that in SCI patients, interventions for preventing bone loss should start as soon as possible after the injury.

Growth-Promoting Effects of Liposome-Encapsulated Porcine Somatotropin in Mice

[ Objective] To study growth-promoting effects of liposome-encapsulated porcine somatotropin （pST） and its sustained-release effects in mice. [ Method] The mice were randomly divided into experimental groups and control group. The mice in the experimental groups were respective- ly administrated with pST and liposome-encapsulated pST via intraperitoneal injection, and those in the control group were administrated with saline. They were weighed on Day 7, 14 and 28, and the growth rate was calculated. [ Result] The growth of mice had significant difference between the experiment groups and control group （P 〈 0.05）, which indicated that the pST and liposome-encapsulated pST had growth-promoting effects in mice, and the liposome-encapsulated pST had sustained-release effects. [Condusion] The liposome-encapsulated pST can promote the growth of animal and its sustained-release peried is 7 d.

奶奶家的“加菲猫”

我的奶奶家养了一只小花猫,我给它取名为“加菲猫”。为什么要叫它“加菲猫”呢?首先是因为它非常胖,就跟动画片里的加菲猫一样。它的皮毛是灰白相间的,圆圆的脑袋上有两个尖尖的耳朵。每当家里有陌生人,它的耳朵就会竖起来。一双圆溜溜的大眼睛见到熟人的时候,会一眨一眨的,在夜里还会放出光芒。胡须是它测量能不能进鼠洞的一把尺子。当它肚子饿时,一张樱桃小嘴就会发出“喵呜”的声音。

Effects of renal denervation on blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Purpose： Renal denervation （RD） has been demonstrated to be an effective approach to reduce blood pressure for those with resistant hypertension. Yet, we aimed to explore the effect and possible mech- anism of RD on blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Methods： A total of 48 male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomized to three groups： study group, sham-operation group and control group. RD was achieved by cutting off renal nerves and swabbing phenol on it. Ten weeks after RD, 8 rats in each group were sacrificed to collect the kidney and heart tissues. The remaining rats were subjected to an operation to induce hemorrhagic shock which would lead to 40% loss of total blood volume, and observed for 120 min. The serum concentration of norepinephrine was measured before and three weeks after RD. Results： The blood-pressure and norepinephrine levels were reduced significantly after RD （p 〈 0.05）, Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the surgerygroup were higher than those in the sham and control groups at 15, 30 and 45 min after hemorrhagic shock （p 〈 0.05）, while no significant difference was observed at 60, 90 and 120 min （p 〉 0.05）. Additionally, the beta-1 adrenergic receptor （β1 -AR） in the study group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups （p 〈 0.05） after hemorrhagic shock. Conclusion： This study demonstrated that RD could to some extent improve blood-pressure response to hemorrhagic shock in an established model of severe hemorrhagic shock in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The mechanism might be associated with uo-regulation of β1-AR.

Ileal transposition rapidly improves glucose tolerance and gradually improves insulin resistance in non-obese type 2 diabetic rats

Background:Many studies have confirmed that ileal transposition can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),accompanied by increased glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1).We performed the experiment on diabetic rats to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of ileal transposition on the glycemic metabolism.Methods:Twenty Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats were randomly divided into the ileal transposition group(IT group)and the sham operation group(Shamgroup).Weight,food intake,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting insulin(F-ins),oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)and GLP-1 were determined at baseline and 1,4,8,16 and 24weeks post-operatively.The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)index and the area under the curve(AUC)during OGTT were measured.Histological determination of the GLP-1 receptor(GLP-1R)was performed on the pancreas and ileum24weeks post-operatively.Results:In comparison with the Sham group,the IT group showed a higher GLP-1 level and lower AUC at 4,8,16 and 24 weeks post-operatively(all P<0.05)and a lower FPG,F-ins levels and HOMA-IR at 8,16 and 24 weeks post-operatively(all P<0.05).Compared with baseline levels,the plasma GLP-1,AUC and FPG levels decreased significantly at each postoperative time point in the IT group(all P<0.05),but not in the Sham group(all P>0.05);F-ins and HOMA-IR significantly decreased at 8,16 and 24 weeks post-operatively in the IT group(all P<0.05).GLP-1R expression in the IT group was significantly higher than that of the Sham group in both the pancreas and the ileum at 24 weeks post-operatively(P<0.05).Conclusions:Ileal transposition ameliorated glucose metabolism without reduction in weight or food intake in GK rats,which may be induced by the increased GLP-1 expression.However,the delayed improvement of insulin resistance,accompanied by decreased plasma insulin levels,might not directly result from the increased GLP-1.