Against the backdrop of the sizable economic growth of China in recent years, this paper uses the most recent data gathering of the Globalization and World Cities(Ga WC) research network to update and supplement earli...Against the backdrop of the sizable economic growth of China in recent years, this paper uses the most recent data gathering of the Globalization and World Cities(Ga WC) research network to update and supplement earlier research on the shifting global connectivity of Chinese cities. The update consists of an evaluation of the connectivity of Chinese cities in 2016, the supplement of an analysis of the changing position of Chinese cities in the world city network between 2010 and 2016. To this end, we build on a specification of the world city network as an ‘interlocking network' in which producer services firms play the crucial role in city network formation. Information about the presence of leading producer services firms in cities in 2010 and 2016 is used as the input to a bipartite network projection algorithm in order to measure cities' network connectivity. The first set of results discusses the geographies of urban connectivity in the world city network in 2016. The second set of results discusses standardized measures of change to reveal the major dimensions of the transformations between 2010 and 2016. We find that, with the exception of Hong Kong, Macao and Kaohsiung of Taiwan, all Chinese cities record connectivity gains. This wholesale rise in connectivity is nonetheless geographically uneven, with above all Beijing, Chengdu/Chongqing and Changsha/Wuhan becoming more connected. We conclude that the wholesale rise of Chinese cities in the world city network and their changing trajectories in the post-crisis era are embedded in shifting external and internal political economies.展开更多
China and Turkmenistan have agreed to enhance economic and trade ties, broaden areas of cooperation, and support bilateral business activities, a joint statement released said on August 29.
The present study is part of the Executive Scientific Project 2 in the ItalMed Project which aims to elaborate a feasibility study for new transport connections between Italy and Algeria. The main objectives of the st...The present study is part of the Executive Scientific Project 2 in the ItalMed Project which aims to elaborate a feasibility study for new transport connections between Italy and Algeria. The main objectives of the study are to increase the degree of economic integration between the two countries and improve commercial exchanges and direct investments in Algeria by Italian private companies. Moreover, the study tries to promote Italy＇s role as logistic platform for Mediterranean Countries along the east-west and north-south corridors and to improve the capacity of Italian regions to manage international cooperation programs on transport and logistics, finally, to support regional entrepreneurship in the foreign services sector.展开更多
The purpose of this article was to analyse how fisheries governance can be improved when there is low enforcement capacity by state＇s institutions. Based on the theoretical arguments from the neo-institutionalism and...The purpose of this article was to analyse how fisheries governance can be improved when there is low enforcement capacity by state＇s institutions. Based on the theoretical arguments from the neo-institutionalism and the social capital approaches, the findings of this research point to the role of fishing cooperatives＇ structural organization on the attitude of individuals to comply with regulations. Using a most similar comparative method, it was found that fishers with higher scores of compliance belong to cooperatives that have an outstanding leader, control mechanisms, as well as multi-actor external networks which connect the organization with other networks and thus facilitate the access to knowledge, technology and activities related to conservation and sustainable fishing. The findings of the research coincide with other studies about the importance of leadership that enable good fishing management. This may help in the design of different strategies to address situations with low state capacity to ensure compliance and contribute to solve problems of commons, such as the one in marine fisheries.展开更多
Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). The "China-Europe Railway Express"(CER Express) mode of transport organization links China with Europe by fast-t...Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). The "China-Europe Railway Express"(CER Express) mode of transport organization links China with Europe by fast-track cargo rail. A major instance of facilities connectivity related to this project is an important practical and symbolic instance of BRI transport cooperation. The strategic significance of the CER Express and a number of operational issues are outlined, as are the implications of limited market potential for costs and competitiveness. A "hub-and-spoke" organizational model that can generate scale economies and reduce costs is proposed. To examine the establishment of an organizational model of this kind, the economic hinterlands of Alashankou, Erenhot, and Manzhouli are identified under high-, mediumand low-cost scenarios using an analytical methodology that determines distance and economic costs, and a number of transport hubs(that include Harbin, Zhengzhou, and Lanzhou) are identified. The results found that the cost of the routes from 314 Chinese cities to Moscow is the lowest via Manzhouli in the high-and medium-cost scenarios, but the routes change via Erenhot in the low-cost scenario. A number of policy recommendations should follow up.展开更多
文摘Against the backdrop of the sizable economic growth of China in recent years, this paper uses the most recent data gathering of the Globalization and World Cities(Ga WC) research network to update and supplement earlier research on the shifting global connectivity of Chinese cities. The update consists of an evaluation of the connectivity of Chinese cities in 2016, the supplement of an analysis of the changing position of Chinese cities in the world city network between 2010 and 2016. To this end, we build on a specification of the world city network as an ‘interlocking network' in which producer services firms play the crucial role in city network formation. Information about the presence of leading producer services firms in cities in 2010 and 2016 is used as the input to a bipartite network projection algorithm in order to measure cities' network connectivity. The first set of results discusses the geographies of urban connectivity in the world city network in 2016. The second set of results discusses standardized measures of change to reveal the major dimensions of the transformations between 2010 and 2016. We find that, with the exception of Hong Kong, Macao and Kaohsiung of Taiwan, all Chinese cities record connectivity gains. This wholesale rise in connectivity is nonetheless geographically uneven, with above all Beijing, Chengdu/Chongqing and Changsha/Wuhan becoming more connected. We conclude that the wholesale rise of Chinese cities in the world city network and their changing trajectories in the post-crisis era are embedded in shifting external and internal political economies.
文摘China and Turkmenistan have agreed to enhance economic and trade ties, broaden areas of cooperation, and support bilateral business activities, a joint statement released said on August 29.
文摘The present study is part of the Executive Scientific Project 2 in the ItalMed Project which aims to elaborate a feasibility study for new transport connections between Italy and Algeria. The main objectives of the study are to increase the degree of economic integration between the two countries and improve commercial exchanges and direct investments in Algeria by Italian private companies. Moreover, the study tries to promote Italy＇s role as logistic platform for Mediterranean Countries along the east-west and north-south corridors and to improve the capacity of Italian regions to manage international cooperation programs on transport and logistics, finally, to support regional entrepreneurship in the foreign services sector.
文摘The purpose of this article was to analyse how fisheries governance can be improved when there is low enforcement capacity by state＇s institutions. Based on the theoretical arguments from the neo-institutionalism and the social capital approaches, the findings of this research point to the role of fishing cooperatives＇ structural organization on the attitude of individuals to comply with regulations. Using a most similar comparative method, it was found that fishers with higher scores of compliance belong to cooperatives that have an outstanding leader, control mechanisms, as well as multi-actor external networks which connect the organization with other networks and thus facilitate the access to knowledge, technology and activities related to conservation and sustainable fishing. The findings of the research coincide with other studies about the importance of leadership that enable good fishing management. This may help in the design of different strategies to address situations with low state capacity to ensure compliance and contribute to solve problems of commons, such as the one in marine fisheries.
基金A Category of Strategic Priority Research National Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA20010101National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41722103Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Youth Fund Project,No.17YJC790064
文摘Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). The "China-Europe Railway Express"(CER Express) mode of transport organization links China with Europe by fast-track cargo rail. A major instance of facilities connectivity related to this project is an important practical and symbolic instance of BRI transport cooperation. The strategic significance of the CER Express and a number of operational issues are outlined, as are the implications of limited market potential for costs and competitiveness. A "hub-and-spoke" organizational model that can generate scale economies and reduce costs is proposed. To examine the establishment of an organizational model of this kind, the economic hinterlands of Alashankou, Erenhot, and Manzhouli are identified under high-, mediumand low-cost scenarios using an analytical methodology that determines distance and economic costs, and a number of transport hubs(that include Harbin, Zhengzhou, and Lanzhou) are identified. The results found that the cost of the routes from 314 Chinese cities to Moscow is the lowest via Manzhouli in the high-and medium-cost scenarios, but the routes change via Erenhot in the low-cost scenario. A number of policy recommendations should follow up.
