图文并茂,借图述事——河西宝卷与敦煌变文渊源探论之一

河西宝卷是活在民间的敦煌文学,与敦煌变文在宣讲内容、讲唱形式上有密切关联。讲唱变文时,变文变相结合,图文并茂,借图述事的形式,在后世讲唱叙事文本中,诸如元杂剧、明清小说和河西宝卷中均可看到其影响存留之迹。研讨河西宝卷与变文渊源关系应予特别关注。

“图述新闻”:解码大数据 新闻可视化

随着数字媒体及大数据时代的到来,数据新闻报道已然成为主流新闻报道和现有新闻报道体系的一部分,更催生了大量网媒博主、公民记者,新闻的来源更加多元,形式日益繁复,新闻的定义不断延伸。正所谓,一切事物都能转化为数据形式,一切数据都能用图示来表达,"图述新闻故事""数据新闻可视化"遂在国内外普及盛行,新闻记者亦由此获得了一个崭新而独特的叙事空间和文化载体。"图述新闻"有图释性、艺术性、凝视性等特性,数据新闻可视化传播价值可从符号价值、图示意义、精神空间等方面进行考量。

Hot spot tracking of flood remote sensing research over the past 22 years:abibliometric analysis using CiteSpace

Background,aim,and scope In the context of climate change,extreme precipitation and resulting flooding events are becoming increasingly severe.Remote sensing technologies are advantageous for monitoring such disasters due to their wide observation range,periodic revisit capabilities,and continuous spatial coverage.These tools enable real-time and quantitative assessment of flood inundation.Over the past 20 years,the field of remote sensing for floods has seen significant advancements.Understanding the evolution of research hotspots within this field can offer valuable insights for future research directions.Materials and methods This study systematically analyzes the development and hotspot evolution in the field of flood remote sensing,both domestically and internationally during 2000—2021.Data from CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)and WOS(Web of Science)databases are utilized for this analysis.Results(1)A total of 1693 articles have been published in this field,showing a stable growth trend post-2008.Significant contributors include the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Wuhan University,the Italian National Research Council,and National Aeronautics and Space Administration.(2)High-frequency keywords from 2000 to 2021 include“remote sensing”“flood”“model”“classification”“GIS”“climate change”“area”,and“MODIS”.(3)The most prominent keywords were“GIS”(8.65),“surface water”(7.16),“remote sensing”(7.07),“machine learning”(6.52),and“sentinel-2”(5.86).(4)Thirteen cluster labels were identified through clustering,divided into three phases:2000—2009(initial exploratory stage),2010—2014(period of rapid development),and 2015—2021(steady development of remote sensing for floods and related disasters).Discussion The field exhibits strong phase-based development,with research focuses shifting over time.From 2000 to 2009,emphasis was on remote sensing image application and flood model development.From 2010 to 2014,the focus shifted to accurate interpretation of remote sensing images,multispectral image applications,and long time series detection.From 2015 to 2021,research concentrated on steady development,leveraging large datasets and advanced data processing techniques,including improvements in water body indices,big data fusion,deep learning,and drone monitoring.Early on,SAR data,known for its all-weather capability,was crucial for rapid flood hazard extraction and flood hydrological models.With the rise of high-quality optical satellites,optical remote sensing has become more prevalent,though algorithm accuracy and efficiency for water body index methods still require improvement.Conclusions Data sources and methodologies have evolved from early reliance on radar data to the current exploration of optical image fusion and multi-source data integration.Algorithms now increasingly employ deep learning,super image elements,and object-oriented methods to enhance flood identification accuracy.Recent studies focus on spatial and temporal changes in flooding,risk identification,and early warning for climate change-related flooding,including glacial melting and lake outbursts.Recommendations and perspectives To enhance monitoring accuracy and timeliness,UAV technology should be further utilized.Strengthening multi-source data fusion and assimilation is crucial,as is analyzing long-term flood disaster sequences to better understand their mechanisms.

活用生物插图 促进全面发展

高中生物教材共涉及插图226幅。为了进一步挖掘插图的实质和作用，笔者对插图教学进行了积极地探索和大胆地尝试，并在平时的教学过程中，有目的、有计划地引导学生按照识图、绘图、述图、依图回答的方法进行插图教学，这对学生理解和运用生物学知识，培养学生的创新精神、实践能力、终身学习和适应社会生活的能力，以及促进学生的全面发展都起到了积极的作用。

New method for query answering in semantic web

To promote the efficiency of knowledge base retrieval based on description logic, the concept of assertional graph （AG）, which is directed labeled graph, is defined and a new AG-based retrieval method is put forward. This method converts the knowledge base and query clause into knowledge AG and query AG by making use of the given rules and then makes use of graph traversal to carry out knowledge base retrieval. The experiment indicates that the efficiency of this method exceeds, respectively, the popular RACER and KAON2 system by 0.4% and 3.3%. This method can obviously promote the efficiency of knowledge base retrieval.

Shape retrieval using multi-level included angle functions-based Fourier descriptor

An effective shape signature namely multi-level included angle functions MIAFs is proposed to describe the hierarchy information ranging from global information to local variations of shape.Invariance to rotation translation and scaling are the intrinsic properties of the MIAFs.For each contour point the multi-level included angles are obtained based on the paired line segments derived from unequal-arc-length partitions of contour.And a Fourier descriptor derived from multi-level included angle functions MIAFD is presented for efficient shape retrieval.The proposed descriptor is evaluated with the standard performance evaluation method on three shape image databases the MPEG-7 database the Kimia-99 database and the Swedish leaf database. The experimental results of shape retrieval indicate that the MIAFD outperforms the existing Fourier descriptors and has low computational complexity.And the comparison of the MIAFD with other shape description methods also shows that the proposed descriptor has the highest precision at the same recall value which verifies its effectiveness.

Extract the Output Signal Characteristics of DC-DC Converter Based on Fourier Descriptor

The precondition of realizing feedback controlling DC DC converter to avoid chaotic state is to judge the behavior of the converter and take corresponding measures. In this paper, the output signals under different circuit parameters of the PWM buck converter have been analyzed. The method of using Fourier descriptor to extract output signals characteristics is put forward and proved to be a gist of identifying and classifying the behavior of DC DC converter. This method can establish a good foundation fo...

A NEW ONE-DIMENSIONAL CHAOTIC MAP WITH INFINITE COLLAPSES

This letter presents a new one-dimensional chaotic map with infinite collapses. Theoretical analyses show that the map has complicated dynamical behavior and ideal distribution.The map can be applied in chaotic spreading spectrum communication and chaotic cipher.

Interaction behavior recognition from multiple views

This paper proposed a novel multi-view interactive behavior recognition method based on local self-similarity descriptors and graph shared multi-task learning. First, we proposed the composite interactive feature representation which encodes both the spatial distribution of local motion of interest points and their contexts. Furthermore, local self-similarity descriptor represented by temporal-pyramid bag of words(BOW) was applied to decreasing the influence of observation angle change on recognition and retaining the temporal information. For the purpose of exploring latent correlation between different interactive behaviors from different views and retaining specific information of each behaviors, graph shared multi-task learning was used to learn the corresponding interactive behavior recognition model. Experiment results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods on the public databases CASIA, i3Dpose dataset and self-built database for interactive behavior recognition.

敦煌讲唱文学影响拾零

敦煌讲唱文学对后世文学产生了多方面的影响，本文着重论述变文的“借图述事”现象对后世话本、戏曲、小说的影响。变文中已存在“借图述事”现象，由于变文、话本、戏曲、小说之间的承传关系，这种现象便被保存至今，本文即以《赵氏孤儿》和《说岳全传》

Novel histogram descriptor for global feature extraction and description

A novel histogram descriptor for global feature extraction and description was presented. Three elementary primitives for a 2×2 pixel grid were defined. The complex primitives were computed by matrix transforms. These primitives and equivalence class were used for an image to compute the feature image that consisted of three elementary primitives. Histogram was used for the transformed image to extract and describe the features. Furthermore, comparisons were made among the novel histogram descriptor, the gray histogram and the edge histogram with regard to feature vector dimension and retrieval performance. The experimental results show that the novel histogram can not only reduce the effect of noise and illumination change, but also compute the feature vector of lower dimension. Furthermore, the system using the novel histogram has better retrieval performance.

Reconstruction of Novel Viewpoint Image Using GRNN

A neural statistical approach to the reconstruction of novel viewpoint image us ing general regression neural networks(GRNN) is presented. Different color value will be obtained by watching the same surface point of an object from different viewpoints due to specular reflection, and the difference is related to the pos ition of viewpoint. The relationship between the position of viewpoint and the c olor of image is non linear, neural network is introduced to make curve fitting , where the inputs of neural network are only a few calibrated images with obvio us specular reflection. By training the neural network, network model is obtaine d. By inputing an arbitrary virtual viewpoint to the model, the image of the vir tual viewpoint can be computed. By using the method presented here, novel viewpo int image with photo realistic property can be obtained, especially images with obvious specular reflection can accurately be generated. The method is an image based rendering method, geometric model of the scene and position of lighting are not needed.

Fast Image Retrieval of Textile Industrial Accessory Based on Multi-Feature Fusion

A hierarchical retrieval scheme of the accessory image database is proposed based on textile industrial accessory contour feature and region feature. At first smallest enclosed rectangle[1] feature (degree of accessory coordination) is used to filter the image database to decouple the image search scope. After the accessory contour information and region information are extracted, the fusion multi-feature of the centroid distance Fourier descriptor and distance distribution histogram is adopted to finish image retrieval accurately. All the features above are invariable under translation, scaling and rotation. Results from the test on the image database including 1,000 accessory images demonstrate that the method is effective and practical with high accuracy and fast speed.

Errors Prediction for Vector-to-Raster Conversion Based on Map Load and Cell Size

Vector-to-raster conversion is a process accompanied with errors.The errors are classified into predicted errors before rasterization and actual errors after that.Accurate prediction of the errors is beneficial to developing reasonable rasterization technical schemes and to making products of high quality.Analyzing and establishing a quantitative relationship between the error and its affecting factors is the key to error prediction.In this study,land cover data of China at a scale of 1:250 000 were taken as an example for analyzing the relationship between rasterization errors and the density of arc length(DA),the density of polygon(DP) and the size of grid cells(SG).Significant correlations were found between the errors and DA,DP and SG.The correlation coefficient(R2) of a model established based on samples collected in a small region(Beijing) reaches 0.95,and the value of R2 is equal to 0.91 while the model was validated with samples from the whole nation.On the other hand,the R2 of a model established based on nationwide samples reaches 0.96,and R2 is equal to 0.91 while it was validated with the samples in Beijing.These models depict well the relationships between rasterization errors and their affecting factors(DA,DP and SG).The analyzing method established in this study can be applied to effectively predicting rasterization errors in other cases as well.

Objects Description and Extraction by the Use of Straight Line Segments in Digital Images

An advanced edge-based method of feature detection and extraction is developed for object description in digital images. It is useful for the comparison of different images of the same scene in aerial imagery, for describing and recognizing categories, for automatic building extraction and for finding the mutual regions in image matching. The method includes directional filtering and searching for straight edge segments in every direction and scale, taking into account edge gradient signs. Line segments are ordered with respect to their orientation and average gradients in the region in question. These segments are used for the construction of an object descriptor. A hierarchical set of feature descriptors is developed, taking into consideration the proposed straight line segment detector. Comparative performance is evaluated on the noisy model and in real aerial and satellite imagery.

Information hiding scheme for vector maps based on fingerprint certification

An information hiding scheme for vector maps is presented to identify the source after the vector map is leaked in some key application areas. In this scheme, the fingerprint image of the map owner can be converted into a character string as the watermark, and then the watermark will be embedded into the coordinate descriptions of the attribute file by the "0-bit value" programming method. This programming algorithm ensures that the accuracy is lossless and the graphics is unchanged for any vector map. Experiments show that the presented hiding scheme has stable robustness, the average similarity rate is 97.2% for fingerprints matching and the false non-match rate is 1.38% in the blocking test. In the opening test, the former reaches 84.46% and the latter reaches 5.56%.

Flame image recognition of alumina rotary kiln by artificial neural network and support vector machine methods

Based on the Fourier transform, a new shape descriptor was proposed to represent the flame image. By employing the shape descriptor as the input, the flame image recognition was studied by the methods of the artificial neural network(ANN) and the support vector machine(SVM) respectively. And the recognition experiments were carried out by using flame image data sampled from an alumina rotary kiln to evaluate their effectiveness. The results show that the two recognition methods can achieve good results, which verify the effectiveness of the shape descriptor. The highest recognition rate is 88.83% for SVM and 87.38% for ANN, which means that the performance of the SVM is better than that of the ANN.

Beyond the thermodynamic volcano picture in the nitrogen reduction reaction over transition-metal oxides:Implications for materials screening

Electrocatalytic production of ammonia from dinitrogen is considered as a sustainable alternative to the energy-demanding and pollutive Haber-Bosch process.A promising class of materials for selective nitrogen reduction(NRR)corresponds to transition-metal oxides given that these electrodes do not show a high activity toward the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.So far,density functional theory calculations have been used to comprehend trends in a class of materials by using the concept of scaling relations and volcano plots.This thermodynamic theory pinpoints that either the formation of the*NNH adsorbate or the formation of ammonia are reconciled with the potential-determining reaction steps.Thus,the development of NRR catalyst has largely focused on the optimization of these two elementary processes.In the present contribution,overpotential and kinetic effects are factored into the volcano plot for the NRR over transition-metal oxides by making use of the recently introduced activity descriptor G_(max)(η).It is illustrated that the thermodynamic volcano picture is too simplistic as the limiting reaction step may alter close to the volcano apex:there,particularly surface reactions may govern the reaction rate.In addition,it is demonstrated how to include the formation of hydrazine as a competing side reaction into the volcano plot,which is of importance for weak binding*NNH catalysts where the formation of hydrazine may compete with the formation of ammonia.Given that the outlined methodology in this manuscript is universal and not restricted to the class of transition-metal oxides,the presented kinetic volcano picture may contribute to the development of NRR catalysts for nitrogen fixation.

Simple groups with orders 2~a3~b5~cp^d, 2~a3~b7~cp^d and 2~a3~b5~c7~d

This work deals with the power exponent 1rand 2r respectively of the maximal and second-maximal prime factors of the order of simple K4-group, and the classification for simple 4{5,7}K--group G (i.e. G can not be divided by 5 nor by 7 or ()Gp= 4 ), simple 5 -4K-group G (i.e. G can not divided by 5 and ()Gp=4) and simple 7-4K-group G (i.e. G can not divided by 7 and ()Gp= 4). It is derived that 1r =1, 2 and 4, and 2r is not greater than 4. All the simple 4K-groups with order 235,237abcdabcdpp and 2357abcd are obtained.

Reconstruction of Images-- Realistic Oil Paintings

Realistic oil painting and abstract oil painting is easel plastic arts. And it is realism of style and presentation. The current Chinese realistic oil painting is the product of local culture. The construction of Chinese oil paintings doesn＇t follow modem art, and it has its own soil and space of survival and development. It becomes the mainstream in the art pattern. In practical construction, it presents the characteristics that technical level develops towards simplification and reinforcement, the function of lyric ideogram of paintings and graphic description becomes weak, the real transformation of three-dimensional space is transferred to reconstruction of two degree and a half space and the pursuit for language form constitution relation of paintings. And it presents strong symbolization feature.