AIM:To study the short-term outcome of patients treated with laparoscopic right colectomy and how intracorporeal anastomosis has improved the outcome.METHODS:We retrospectively examined all patients affected by colore...AIM:To study the short-term outcome of patients treated with laparoscopic right colectomy and how intracorporeal anastomosis has improved the outcome.METHODS:We retrospectively examined all patients affected by colorectal cancer who underwent a laparoscopic right colectomy between January 2006 and December 2010 in our department.Our evaluation criteria were:diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma at presurgical biopsy,elective surgery,and the same surgeon.We excluded:emergency surgery,conversions from laparotomic colectomy,and other surgeons.The endpoints we examined were:surgical time,number of lymph nodes removed,length of stay(removal of nasogastric tube,bowel movements,gas evacuation,solid and liquid feeding,hospitalization),and major complications.Seventy-two patients were divided into two groups:intracorporeal anastomosis(39 patients)and extracorporeal anastomosis(33 patients).RESULTS:Significant differences were observed between intracorporeal vs extracorporeal anastomosis,respectively,for surgical times(186.8 min vs 184.1 min,P < 0.001),time to resumption of gas evacuation(3 d vs 3.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of bowel movements(3.8 d vs 4.9 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of liquid diet(3.5 d vs 4.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resuming a solid diet(4.6 d vs 5.7 d,P < 0.001),and total hospitalization duration(7.4 d vs 8.5 d,P < 0.001).In the intracorporeal group,on average,19 positive lymph nodes were removed;in the extracorporeal group,on average,14 were removed P < 0.001).Thus,intracorporeal anastomosis for right laparoscopic colectomy improved patient outcome by providing faster recovery of nutrition,faster recovery of intestinal function,and shorter hospitalization than extracorporeal anastomosis.CONCLUSION:Short-term outcomes favor intracorporeal anastomosis,confirming that a less traumatic surgical approach improves patient outcome.展开更多
This paper briefly describes the importance of transmission pricing, and different methods for recovering transmission cost, stimulating efficient use of transmission resources and attracting investment in transmissio...This paper briefly describes the importance of transmission pricing, and different methods for recovering transmission cost, stimulating efficient use of transmission resources and attracting investment in transmission networks.展开更多
Under the preconditions that a (n:n)-qutrit pure state is taken as the quantum channel to teleport an arbitrary n-qutrit state and the sender is able to perform generalized-Bell-state measurements and publish the resu...Under the preconditions that a (n:n)-qutrit pure state is taken as the quantum channel to teleport an arbitrary n-qutrit state and the sender is able to perform generalized-Bell-state measurements and publish the results, the necessary transformation operation in the receiver's site is worked out in terms of the technique of swapping states. A criterion on whether such quantum channel can be utilized for perfect teleportation is derived by virtue of the unitarity of the resultant transformation operator. Moreover, the flexibility between the measurement difficulty and the reconstruction difficulty is shown and discussed.展开更多
In this article, we derive the explicit entanglement and fidelity expressions for a larger class of two-qubit states, namely, a seven-parameter family of so ca^led X-states. The ana/ytical expressions of the entanglem...In this article, we derive the explicit entanglement and fidelity expressions for a larger class of two-qubit states, namely, a seven-parameter family of so ca^led X-states. The ana/ytical expressions of the entanglement, the output entanglement and the average fidelity are obtained for this genera/model by using the concept of concurrence and average fidelity. We study the relations between quantum entanglement, the output entanglement, and the average fidelity for standard teleportation of one-qubit and partial teleportation of two-qubit state. We discover that the average fidelity and entanglement is not a simple dependence relation. The higher entangled system is helpful for teleportation.展开更多
The CRISPR-Cas system, especially the type II CRISPR-Cas9 system from Streptococcuspyogenes, has rapidly emerged as a popular genome editing tool. The development of Cas9 derivatives further expanded the toolbox of CR...The CRISPR-Cas system, especially the type II CRISPR-Cas9 system from Streptococcuspyogenes, has rapidly emerged as a popular genome editing tool. The development of Cas9 derivatives further expanded the toolbox of CRISPR- Cas9 based genome editing kit. However, therapeutic transla- tion of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in vivo is severely impeded by the absence of an appropriate delivery carrier. The complex- ity and high molecular weight of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, together with the physiological barriers for nucleus targeted cargo transportation have made it a huge challenge for in vivo therapeutic CRISPR-Cas9 delivery. Currently, the main stream carriers for systemic delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 are vi- ral based, such as adeno-associated virus. However, the safety concerns surrounding viral vectors call for the development of non-viral nanocarriers. In this review, we survey the recent advances in the development of non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR-Cas9. Challenges and future directions in this field are also discussed.展开更多
文摘AIM:To study the short-term outcome of patients treated with laparoscopic right colectomy and how intracorporeal anastomosis has improved the outcome.METHODS:We retrospectively examined all patients affected by colorectal cancer who underwent a laparoscopic right colectomy between January 2006 and December 2010 in our department.Our evaluation criteria were:diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma at presurgical biopsy,elective surgery,and the same surgeon.We excluded:emergency surgery,conversions from laparotomic colectomy,and other surgeons.The endpoints we examined were:surgical time,number of lymph nodes removed,length of stay(removal of nasogastric tube,bowel movements,gas evacuation,solid and liquid feeding,hospitalization),and major complications.Seventy-two patients were divided into two groups:intracorporeal anastomosis(39 patients)and extracorporeal anastomosis(33 patients).RESULTS:Significant differences were observed between intracorporeal vs extracorporeal anastomosis,respectively,for surgical times(186.8 min vs 184.1 min,P < 0.001),time to resumption of gas evacuation(3 d vs 3.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of bowel movements(3.8 d vs 4.9 d,P < 0.001),days until resumption of liquid diet(3.5 d vs 4.5 d,P < 0.001),days until resuming a solid diet(4.6 d vs 5.7 d,P < 0.001),and total hospitalization duration(7.4 d vs 8.5 d,P < 0.001).In the intracorporeal group,on average,19 positive lymph nodes were removed;in the extracorporeal group,on average,14 were removed P < 0.001).Thus,intracorporeal anastomosis for right laparoscopic colectomy improved patient outcome by providing faster recovery of nutrition,faster recovery of intestinal function,and shorter hospitalization than extracorporeal anastomosis.CONCLUSION:Short-term outcomes favor intracorporeal anastomosis,confirming that a less traumatic surgical approach improves patient outcome.
文摘This paper briefly describes the importance of transmission pricing, and different methods for recovering transmission cost, stimulating efficient use of transmission resources and attracting investment in transmission networks.
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for theDoctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20103401110007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10975001,10747146, 10874122 and 11074001)+1 种基金the Talent Foundation of High Education of Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth (Grant No. 2009SQRZ018)the 211 Project of Anhui University
文摘Under the preconditions that a (n:n)-qutrit pure state is taken as the quantum channel to teleport an arbitrary n-qutrit state and the sender is able to perform generalized-Bell-state measurements and publish the results, the necessary transformation operation in the receiver's site is worked out in terms of the technique of swapping states. A criterion on whether such quantum channel can be utilized for perfect teleportation is derived by virtue of the unitarity of the resultant transformation operator. Moreover, the flexibility between the measurement difficulty and the reconstruction difficulty is shown and discussed.
基金Supported by the Youth Foundation of Institute of Science under Grant Nos. QN-SL-2010-01,QN-SL-2010-10Pre-Research Foundation of PLA University of Science and Technology under Grant Nos. 20110515 and 20110101
文摘In this article, we derive the explicit entanglement and fidelity expressions for a larger class of two-qubit states, namely, a seven-parameter family of so ca^led X-states. The ana/ytical expressions of the entanglement, the output entanglement and the average fidelity are obtained for this genera/model by using the concept of concurrence and average fidelity. We study the relations between quantum entanglement, the output entanglement, and the average fidelity for standard teleportation of one-qubit and partial teleportation of two-qubit state. We discover that the average fidelity and entanglement is not a simple dependence relation. The higher entangled system is helpful for teleportation.
基金supported by the grants from North Carolina TraCS, NIH’s Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA, 1UL1TR001111) at UNC-CHSloan Fellowship Award from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
文摘The CRISPR-Cas system, especially the type II CRISPR-Cas9 system from Streptococcuspyogenes, has rapidly emerged as a popular genome editing tool. The development of Cas9 derivatives further expanded the toolbox of CRISPR- Cas9 based genome editing kit. However, therapeutic transla- tion of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in vivo is severely impeded by the absence of an appropriate delivery carrier. The complex- ity and high molecular weight of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, together with the physiological barriers for nucleus targeted cargo transportation have made it a huge challenge for in vivo therapeutic CRISPR-Cas9 delivery. Currently, the main stream carriers for systemic delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 are vi- ral based, such as adeno-associated virus. However, the safety concerns surrounding viral vectors call for the development of non-viral nanocarriers. In this review, we survey the recent advances in the development of non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR-Cas9. Challenges and future directions in this field are also discussed.
