This paper investigates the dynamic evolution with limited learning information on a small-world network.In the system, the information among the interaction players is not very lucid, and the players are not allowed ...This paper investigates the dynamic evolution with limited learning information on a small-world network.In the system, the information among the interaction players is not very lucid, and the players are not allowed to inspectthe profit collected by its neighbors, thus the focal player cannot choose randomly a neighbor or the wealthiest one andcompare its payoff to copy its strategy.It is assumed that the information acquainted by the player declines in theform of the exponential with the geographical distance between the players, and a parameter V is introduced to denotethe inspect-ability about the players.It is found that under the hospitable conditions, cooperation increases with therandomness and is inhibited by the large connectivity for the prisoner's dilemma; however, cooperation is maximal atthe moderate rewiring probability and is chaos with the connectivity for the snowdrift game.For the two games, theacuminous sight is in favor of the cooperation under the hospitable conditions; whereas, the myopic eyes are advantageousto cooperation and cooperation increases with the randomness under the hostile condition.展开更多
In this paper, the authors are presenting the approach to extract the multiword expression （MWEs） from monolingual corpora. It both validates and generates multiword candidates. The multiword expression provides a l...In this paper, the authors are presenting the approach to extract the multiword expression （MWEs） from monolingual corpora. It both validates and generates multiword candidates. The multiword expression provides a list of candidates which are extracted and filtered according to the number of criteria and a set of standard statistical association measures. The generation of the multiword candidates is based on the surface forms, while the validation consists of series of criteria for removing noise using language independent association measures. For generating corpus count, it provides both a corpus indexation facility. Also, this approach allows easy integration with a machine learning tool for thecreation and application of supervised multiword extraction models if annotated data is available. The authors present the use of multiword in a standard configuration, for extracting MWEs from a corpus of general purpose English.展开更多
Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise str...Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.展开更多
The orbit tracking problem of a free-evolutionary target system in closed quantum systems is solved by changing it into the state transferring problem with the help of unitary transformation.The control law designed b...The orbit tracking problem of a free-evolutionary target system in closed quantum systems is solved by changing it into the state transferring problem with the help of unitary transformation.The control law designed by the Lyapunov stability theorem employs a carefully constructed virtual mechanical quantity P to ensure the system convergence.The virtual mechanical quantity P is chosen by two approaches according to the forms of limit set,where P = —pf is suitable for regular limit set and a new different P is constructed for irregular one.The proposed tracking control theory is demonstrated on a four-level quantum system by means of numerical simulation experiments.展开更多
Cucumber and rice plants with varying ammonium (NH4+) sensitivities were used to examine the effects of different nitrogen (N) sources on gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence quenching, and photosynthetic elec...Cucumber and rice plants with varying ammonium (NH4+) sensitivities were used to examine the effects of different nitrogen (N) sources on gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence quenching, and photosynthetic electron allocation. Compared to nitrate (NO3-)-grown plants, cucumber plants grown under NH4+-nutrition showed decreased plant growth, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) level, transpiration rate, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and O2-independent alternative electron flux, and increased O2-dependent alternative electron flux. However, the N source had little effect on gas exchange, Chl a fluorescence parameters, and photosynthetic electron allocation in rice plants, except that NH4+-grown plants had a higher O2-independent alternative electron flux than NO3--grown plants. NO3- reduction activity was rarely detected in leaves of NH4+-grown cucumber plants, but was high in NH4+-grown rice plants. These results demonstrate that significant amounts of photosynthetic electron transport were coupled to NO3- assimilation, an effect more significant in NO3-- grown plants than in NH4+-grown plants. Meanwhile, NH4+-tolerant plants exhibited a higher demand for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for NO3- reduction, regardless of the N form supplied, while NH4+-sensitive plants had a high water-water cycle activity when NH4+ was supplied as the sole N source.展开更多
This work represents a formalized description of information and communicative interac- tions of individuals on the basis of theory of information images （II）. It also demonstrates how important it is to choose the ...This work represents a formalized description of information and communicative interac- tions of individuals on the basis of theory of information images （II）. It also demonstrates how important it is to choose the models type adequate to the systems under research. It also introduces an explication of the possibility to create the model of information and communication interactions that can illustrate transmission of information between two and more individuals. Methods and approaches suggested in this paper allow us to compare different levels of the described processes depending on the chosen architecture of the model; the methods and approaches mentioned in the current work can be also used to simulate the processes of distortion and generation of information images while information and communication social interaction. Expansion and addition of informa- tion images theory in terms of transmission of information among individuals enables us to speak about the space of individual II. The existence of such a space and creation of correct formalized model help us to explain a number of characteristic phenomena of human thinking processes. As a result of this research, the authors introduce an equa- tion that describes the spatial and structural evolution of individual II. There is also an example of modeling on the basis of this theory taking into account the results of the experiment （bilingual Stroop test）.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10974146
文摘This paper investigates the dynamic evolution with limited learning information on a small-world network.In the system, the information among the interaction players is not very lucid, and the players are not allowed to inspectthe profit collected by its neighbors, thus the focal player cannot choose randomly a neighbor or the wealthiest one andcompare its payoff to copy its strategy.It is assumed that the information acquainted by the player declines in theform of the exponential with the geographical distance between the players, and a parameter V is introduced to denotethe inspect-ability about the players.It is found that under the hospitable conditions, cooperation increases with therandomness and is inhibited by the large connectivity for the prisoner's dilemma; however, cooperation is maximal atthe moderate rewiring probability and is chaos with the connectivity for the snowdrift game.For the two games, theacuminous sight is in favor of the cooperation under the hospitable conditions; whereas, the myopic eyes are advantageousto cooperation and cooperation increases with the randomness under the hostile condition.
文摘In this paper, the authors are presenting the approach to extract the multiword expression （MWEs） from monolingual corpora. It both validates and generates multiword candidates. The multiword expression provides a list of candidates which are extracted and filtered according to the number of criteria and a set of standard statistical association measures. The generation of the multiword candidates is based on the surface forms, while the validation consists of series of criteria for removing noise using language independent association measures. For generating corpus count, it provides both a corpus indexation facility. Also, this approach allows easy integration with a machine learning tool for thecreation and application of supervised multiword extraction models if annotated data is available. The authors present the use of multiword in a standard configuration, for extracting MWEs from a corpus of general purpose English.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61040031)the Technological Project of Henan Province (Grant No. 082102210066)
文摘Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.
基金supported by the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No.20103402110044the National Key Basic Research Program under Grant No.2011CBA00200
文摘The orbit tracking problem of a free-evolutionary target system in closed quantum systems is solved by changing it into the state transferring problem with the help of unitary transformation.The control law designed by the Lyapunov stability theorem employs a carefully constructed virtual mechanical quantity P to ensure the system convergence.The virtual mechanical quantity P is chosen by two approaches according to the forms of limit set,where P = —pf is suitable for regular limit set and a new different P is constructed for irregular one.The proposed tracking control theory is demonstrated on a four-level quantum system by means of numerical simulation experiments.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2009CB119000)the National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No. 2008BADA6B02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30771471 and 30972033)
文摘Cucumber and rice plants with varying ammonium (NH4+) sensitivities were used to examine the effects of different nitrogen (N) sources on gas exchange, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence quenching, and photosynthetic electron allocation. Compared to nitrate (NO3-)-grown plants, cucumber plants grown under NH4+-nutrition showed decreased plant growth, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) level, transpiration rate, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and O2-independent alternative electron flux, and increased O2-dependent alternative electron flux. However, the N source had little effect on gas exchange, Chl a fluorescence parameters, and photosynthetic electron allocation in rice plants, except that NH4+-grown plants had a higher O2-independent alternative electron flux than NO3--grown plants. NO3- reduction activity was rarely detected in leaves of NH4+-grown cucumber plants, but was high in NH4+-grown rice plants. These results demonstrate that significant amounts of photosynthetic electron transport were coupled to NO3- assimilation, an effect more significant in NO3-- grown plants than in NH4+-grown plants. Meanwhile, NH4+-tolerant plants exhibited a higher demand for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for NO3- reduction, regardless of the N form supplied, while NH4+-sensitive plants had a high water-water cycle activity when NH4+ was supplied as the sole N source.
基金The theoretical part of the research was performed with support by the Grant of the Russian Science Foundation （Project No. 15-18-00047）. The experimental part of the research was performed with support by Grants from the Board President of the Russian Federation （Project MK-7165.2015.6）.
文摘This work represents a formalized description of information and communicative interac- tions of individuals on the basis of theory of information images （II）. It also demonstrates how important it is to choose the models type adequate to the systems under research. It also introduces an explication of the possibility to create the model of information and communication interactions that can illustrate transmission of information between two and more individuals. Methods and approaches suggested in this paper allow us to compare different levels of the described processes depending on the chosen architecture of the model; the methods and approaches mentioned in the current work can be also used to simulate the processes of distortion and generation of information images while information and communication social interaction. Expansion and addition of informa- tion images theory in terms of transmission of information among individuals enables us to speak about the space of individual II. The existence of such a space and creation of correct formalized model help us to explain a number of characteristic phenomena of human thinking processes. As a result of this research, the authors introduce an equa- tion that describes the spatial and structural evolution of individual II. There is also an example of modeling on the basis of this theory taking into account the results of the experiment （bilingual Stroop test）.
