利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因...利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因聚合;现代分子标记技术与传统高效育种技术相结合,缩短育种进程;培育出转基因抗虫棉花新品种冀1316。该品种遗传基础丰富,具有陆地棉、中棉和野生瑟伯氏棉血统,集高产、稳产、优质、广适、多抗、适于简化管理等优良性状于一体。冀中南棉花品种区域试验,冀1316的23个试验点全部增产,且增幅达到极显著水平,皮棉产量、霜前皮棉产量分别较对照DP99B增产20.5%和23.8%,均居同期参试品种第1名;高抗棉铃虫,抗盲蝽象;抗旱,耐盐碱;纤维上半部平均长度30.2 mm,马克隆值5.0,断裂比强度30.4 c N/tex,为纤维优质Ⅱ型品种;尤其是在稳产性、抗逆、抗盲蝽象、适于机械化轻简化管理方面优势明显,能够满足河北省及其周边棉区生产需求和目前棉花生产对棉花品种机械化轻简化管理的需要。展开更多
The microfibril angle of seven poplar clones was determined by using X-ray diffraction technique. Microfibril angle, wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content were assessed for every growth r...The microfibril angle of seven poplar clones was determined by using X-ray diffraction technique. Microfibril angle, wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content were assessed for every growth ring at breast height for all sample trees. Significant variation in microfibril angle was observed among growth rings. Mean microfibril angle (MFA) at breast height varied from 7.8?to 28?between growth rings with cambial age and showed a consistent pith-to-bark trend of decline an-gles. Analysis of variance also indicated that there were significant differences in wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content between the growth rings, which had an increasing tendency from pith to bark. Correlations between MFA and examined wood properties were predominantly large and significant negative (?0.01), and the coefficients were -0.660 for cellulose content, -0.586 for fiber length, -0.516 for fiber width and -0.450 for wood basic density, respectively. Regression analysis with linear and curve estimation indicated that a quadratic function showed the largest R2 and the least standard error for describing the relationships between microfibril angle and measured wood properties, and the correlation coefficients were over -0.45 (n=125). The results from this study suggested that microfibril angle would be a good characteristic for improvement in the future breeding program of poplars.展开更多
[Objective] The primary objective of this study was to estimate combining ability and genetic parameters of 17 new inbred lines.[Method] By using 11 commonly used maize inbred lines from Southwest China as testers and...[Objective] The primary objective of this study was to estimate combining ability and genetic parameters of 17 new inbred lines.[Method] By using 11 commonly used maize inbred lines from Southwest China as testers and incomplete diallel cross design,combining ability and heterosis of 17 new inbred lines bred from the land races in Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas were analyzed.In addition,the genetic parameters and heterotic groups were also investigated based on combining ability.[Result] P1-1,P1-16 and P1-14 with the better comprehensive characters can be directly used in maize breeding program.The SCA of P1-10×P2-4 was high in most traits.It is more possible to obtain high-yield hybrid combinations by the pattern Sipingtou × Lancaster.GCA variance was bigger than SCA variance in four traits such as rows per ear,grains per row,which were affected by the environments slightly and should be selected at early generations;while SCA variance was bigger than GCA variance in five traits such as 100-grain weight and plant weight,which were significantly influenced by environment and thus should be selected in later generations.[Conclusion] The paper will provide theoretical basis for further improvement of local maize varieties.展开更多
文摘利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因聚合;现代分子标记技术与传统高效育种技术相结合,缩短育种进程;培育出转基因抗虫棉花新品种冀1316。该品种遗传基础丰富,具有陆地棉、中棉和野生瑟伯氏棉血统,集高产、稳产、优质、广适、多抗、适于简化管理等优良性状于一体。冀中南棉花品种区域试验,冀1316的23个试验点全部增产,且增幅达到极显著水平,皮棉产量、霜前皮棉产量分别较对照DP99B增产20.5%和23.8%,均居同期参试品种第1名;高抗棉铃虫,抗盲蝽象;抗旱,耐盐碱;纤维上半部平均长度30.2 mm,马克隆值5.0,断裂比强度30.4 c N/tex,为纤维优质Ⅱ型品种;尤其是在稳产性、抗逆、抗盲蝽象、适于机械化轻简化管理方面优势明显,能够满足河北省及其周边棉区生产需求和目前棉花生产对棉花品种机械化轻简化管理的需要。
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30070616).
文摘The microfibril angle of seven poplar clones was determined by using X-ray diffraction technique. Microfibril angle, wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content were assessed for every growth ring at breast height for all sample trees. Significant variation in microfibril angle was observed among growth rings. Mean microfibril angle (MFA) at breast height varied from 7.8?to 28?between growth rings with cambial age and showed a consistent pith-to-bark trend of decline an-gles. Analysis of variance also indicated that there were significant differences in wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content between the growth rings, which had an increasing tendency from pith to bark. Correlations between MFA and examined wood properties were predominantly large and significant negative (?0.01), and the coefficients were -0.660 for cellulose content, -0.586 for fiber length, -0.516 for fiber width and -0.450 for wood basic density, respectively. Regression analysis with linear and curve estimation indicated that a quadratic function showed the largest R2 and the least standard error for describing the relationships between microfibril angle and measured wood properties, and the correlation coefficients were over -0.45 (n=125). The results from this study suggested that microfibril angle would be a good characteristic for improvement in the future breeding program of poplars.
基金Supported by National Key Technology Research and DevelopmentProgram(2004BA525B04)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education ofChina(IRT0453)Program for Maize breeding Key Technology ofSichuan Province during 11th Five-Year Plan Period
文摘[Objective] The primary objective of this study was to estimate combining ability and genetic parameters of 17 new inbred lines.[Method] By using 11 commonly used maize inbred lines from Southwest China as testers and incomplete diallel cross design,combining ability and heterosis of 17 new inbred lines bred from the land races in Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas were analyzed.In addition,the genetic parameters and heterotic groups were also investigated based on combining ability.[Result] P1-1,P1-16 and P1-14 with the better comprehensive characters can be directly used in maize breeding program.The SCA of P1-10×P2-4 was high in most traits.It is more possible to obtain high-yield hybrid combinations by the pattern Sipingtou × Lancaster.GCA variance was bigger than SCA variance in four traits such as rows per ear,grains per row,which were affected by the environments slightly and should be selected at early generations;while SCA variance was bigger than GCA variance in five traits such as 100-grain weight and plant weight,which were significantly influenced by environment and thus should be selected in later generations.[Conclusion] The paper will provide theoretical basis for further improvement of local maize varieties.
